From Early Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations, and Classical Civilization: China
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| 220348262 | Paleolithic (Old Stone) Age | Ending in about 12,000 B.C.E., catagorized by the use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for food. | 0 | |
| 220348263 | Neolithic (New Stone) Age | 8,000-5,000 B.C.E., period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occured; domestication of plants and animals accomplished. | 1 | |
| 220348264 | Neolithic Revolution | (8,500-3,500 B.C.E.) The succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture. | 2 | |
| 220348265 | Bronze Age | From about 4,000 B.C.E. when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle Easy, to about 1,500 B.C.E. when iron began to replace it. | 3 | |
| 220348266 | Slash and Burn Agriculture | A system of cultivation typical ofshifting cultivators; forest floors cleared by fire are then planted. | 4 | |
| 220348267 | Çatal Hüyük | Early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. | 5 | |
| 220348268 | Civilization | Societies distinguished by relience on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surplses, and existance of non-farming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups. | 6 | |
| 220348269 | Cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets. | 7 | |
| 220348270 | Mesopotamia | Literally "between the rivers"; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris-Euphrates river valleys. | 8 | |
| 220348271 | Sumerians | People who migrated into Mesopotamia around 4,000 B.C.E.; created first civilization within region; organized area into city-states. | 9 | |
| 220348272 | Ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes. | 10 | |
| 220348273 | City-States | A form of political organization typical of Mesopotamian civilizations; consisted of agriculutral hinterlands ruled by an urban based king. | 11 | |
| 220348274 | Babylonian Empire | Unified all of Mespotamia around 1,800 B.C.E.; collapsed due to foreign invasion around 1,600 B.C.E. | 12 | |
| 220348275 | Hammurabi | The most important ruler of the Babylonian empire; responsible for codification of law. | 13 | |
| 220348276 | Pyramids | Monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharohs. | 14 | |
| 220348277 | Indus River Valley | River sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of the Harappan civilization. | 15 | |
| 220348278 | Harappan Civilization | First civilization of Indian subcontinent; emerged in the Indus River valley around 2,500 B.C.E. | 16 | |
| 220348279 | Harappa | Along with Mohenjo-daro, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 17 | |
| 220348280 | Mohenjo-daro | Along with Harappa, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 18 | |
| 220348281 | Huanghe (Yellow River) | Site of the development of sedentary agriculture in China. | 19 | |
| 220348282 | Ideographic writing | Pictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts, typical of Chinese writing. | 20 | |
| 220348283 | Shang | First Chinese dynasty for which archeological evidence exists; capital located in Ordos bend. | 21 | |
| 220348284 | Phoenicians | Seafaring civilization lovated on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean. | 22 | |
| 220348285 | Loess | Fine grained soil deposited in Ordos bend by winds from central Asia; created fertile soil for sedentary agricultural communities. | 23 | |
| 220348286 | Mandate of Heaven | The divine source for political legitimacy of Chinese rulers; established by Zhou to justify overthrow of Shang. | 24 | |
| 220348287 | Monotheism | The exclusive worship of a single god; introduced by the Jews into Western civilization. | 25 | |
| 220348288 | Daoism | Philosophy associated with Laozi; stressed need for alignment with the Dao or cosmic force. | 26 | |
| 220348289 | Zhou | Originally a vassal family of Shang China; overthrew Shang and established second historical Chinese dynasty. | 27 | |
| 220348290 | Confucius | Also known as King Fuzi; major Chinese philosopher; born in 6th century B.C.E.; author of the Analects; philosophy based on need for restoration of order through advice of superior men to be found among the shi. | 28 | |
| 220348291 | Qin Dynasty | Established in 221 B.C.E. at the end of the Warring States period following the decline of the Zhou dynasty; fell in 207 B.C.E. | 29 | |
| 220348292 | Shi Huangdi | Founder of the brief Qin dynasty in 221 B.C.E. | 30 | |
| 220348293 | Great Wall | Chinese defensive fortification intended to keep out the nomadic invaders from the north; initiated during Qin dynasty under the rule of Shi Huangdi. | 31 | |
| 220348294 | Han Dynasty | Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin in 202 B.C.E.; ruled for the next 400 years. | 32 |
