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AP World History, Classical Civilizations Flashcards

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4875674193Classical CivilizationsCivilizations that has enduring influence over vast numbers of people.0
4875674194Main Accomplishment of Zhou ChinaExpanded Chinese territory to include the Yangtse River valley, adding fertile rice growing area.1
4875674195Main Accomplishments of Qin ChinaChinese territory expanded as far as Northern Vietnam, construction of a defensive wall (not the Great Wall,) standardized coins, and common written language.2
4875674196Main Accomplishments of Han ChinaStrong governmental bureaucracy, Chinese territory in Indochina, Chinese civil service exams, Silk Road trade, paper and water mills.3
4875674197Alexander the GreatFrom Macedonia and reached into India's subcontinent as far as the Indus River where he set up a border state named Bactria.4
4875674198ChandraguptaAn autocratic ruler who founded the Mauryan dynasty in India.5
4875674199AshokaGrandson of Chandragupta known for brutality of his conquests. Later relaxed his behavios and connected with the Silk Roads, sharing Buddhism.6
4875674200Gupta IndiaRuled by Hindus and enforced the caste system upon India, developing a less centralized government than the Mauryans and tolerating Buddhism.7
4875674201SatiHindu practice of a widow throwing herself on her husband's funeral pyre.8
4878290448What did the practice of sati mean?The custom was alleged to bestow honor and purity upon the widow9
4875674202Main Accomplishments of Gupta IndiaSterilization in surgery, knowledge of plastic surgery, and advances in astronomy.10
4875674203PersiaA culture that lies relatively close to the Mediterranean that influences the region later in history.11
4875674204ZoroastrianismA Persian religion that held to a belief in a system of rewards and punishments in the afterlife.12
4875674205GreeceA classical civilization whose origin traces to Indo-European peoples who migrated to the southern Greek Peninsula at 1700 BCE.13
4875674206Phoenician MarinersSeafaring people who migrated to the Aegean Sea and recorded a 22 letter alphabet representing consonants. This alphabet became the basis of the Greek alphabet.14
4875674207Polis/City-StateGreek political organizations consisting of a city and surrounding countryside, both under the influence of one government.15
4875674208DemocracyA form of government that originated in Athens in which the people rule.16
4875674209AristotleA Greek philosopher who wrote on a variety of subjects in politics, arts, and the sciences. His major philosophies became a model of Greek thought.17
4875674210Hellenistic AgeA period in Greek history during the rule of Alexander the Great.18
4875674211StoicismHellenistic philosophy that taught that men and women should use their powers of reason to lead virtuous lives.19
4875674212Mystery ReligionsA belief shared among many religions in which believers who truly follow their practices will be rewarded with a blissful life in the afterlife.20
4875674213Pax RomanaRoman Peace.21
4875674214Twelve TablesRoman law.22
4878272718These formed the basis of classical IndiaVedic and Epic ages (cultural and social structures)23
4878283582During Gupta rule, because of the strict divisions of the caste system, this practice was not widespreadSlavery24
4878285846High-towered temples in honor of the Hindu gods; lavish wall paintings in caves dedicated to godsTwo accomplishments of the Gupta dynasty25
4878286603Caves of AjantaGupta-era paintings are found on the walls here26
4878295473This period came to an end with the weakening and fall of Rome, Han China, and Gupta India to invadersThe classical period27
4878299836T/F: The fall of the three great classical empires (Rome, Han China, and Gupta India) showed a number of similaritiesTrue28
4878304630Constantine converted to what religion?Christianity29
4878309560During Constantine's time, the (western) (eastern) portion of the empire declined, while the (western) (eastern) thrived.western, eastern30
4878312391T/F: The eastern portion of the Roman empire did not fall at the same time as the western empireTrue31
4878314650T/F: The eastern portion of the Roman empire saw much more pressure from invaders than the western portionFalse32
4878317008By 476, the last Roman emperor was replaced by a Germanic ruler from the tribe of (fill in)Visigoths33
4878321992This Byzantine Emperor from 527 to 565 tried to capture portions of Rome's lost territory, but it was in vainJustinian34
4878328027Heavy taxes on peasants; Decline of interest in Confucian goals Poor harvests Population decline from diseaseSome causes of the decline of the Han dynasty35
4878332987Later emperors wanted a life of pleasure instead of ruling wisely The influence of army generals The recruitment of outsiders into the army The vastness of the empire/hard to ruleSome causes of the decline of the Roman empire36
4878336628Local princes became more powerful Nomads drove into the central part of the country The country fragmented into regional statesSome causes of the decline of Gupta India37
4878497103IndusRiver in India38
4878497104YellowRiver in China39
4878498330Sacred texts of HinduismVedas and Upanishads40

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