Important terms, people, places, and events.
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| 8357603112 | agrarian | rural life, dominated by farming | 0 | |
| 8357603113 | Alexander the Great | Philip of Macedon's son; taught by Aristotle; widely expanded Macedonian dominance; conquered Persian Empire and shores of Indus River; developed three empires: Antigonid (Greece and Macedon), Ptolemaic (Egypt), and Seleucid (Bactria and Anatolia) | 1 | |
| 8357603114 | Analects of Confucius | compilation of Confucius' thoughts and sayings; had profound influence on Chinese thinking, both politically and culturally | 2 | |
| 8357603115 | Bronze Age | latter part of the Neolithic Era; when people learned how to combine copper with tin to create an even harder metal | 3 | |
| 8357603116 | bureaucracy | way of organizing government taks by department/bureau so that different parts of the government could specialize and stabilize | 4 | |
| 8357603117 | civilization | large areas of land with large populations and distinct, organized cultures | 5 | |
| 8357603118 | city-states | each one had its own urban center and agricultural land; sometimes combined into one because they shared common cultural characteristics but still independent and competed with each other | 6 | |
| 8357603119 | Code of Hammurabi | extensive code developed by King Hammurabi of Babylon that dealt with every part of daily life; credited as a significat step toward our modern legal codes | 7 | |
| 8357603120 | cuneiform | a form of writing developed by the Sumerians | 8 | |
| 8357603121 | democracy | citizens of an empire/region voted on everything; in Greek polis, every male citizen was expected to participate on a regular bases | 9 | |
| 8357603122 | domestication | people controlling/taming animals to do their own bidding; they got different food products from animals, and they no longer needed to move to get enough food to survive | 10 | |
| 8357603123 | egalitarian | equality for all | 11 | |
| 8357603124 | Eight Fold Path | made up of right views, right apsirations, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right endeavor, right mindfulness, and right meditation; following this path enables people to move toward nirvana | 12 | |
| 8357603125 | emperor | the supreme ruler of an empire, such as in China and in Rome | 13 | |
| 8357603126 | empire | a region that one sigle ruler controls | 14 | |
| 8357603127 | feudalism | peasants are tied to the land; they work for their landlord in exchange for food, shelter, and protection | 15 | |
| 8357603128 | foraging | traveling from point to point as the climate and availability of plants and animals dictated | 16 | |
| 8357603129 | Four Noble Truths | what Buddhists follow instead of a supreme being | 17 | |
| 8357603130 | Great Wall | separate fortification walls that were connected by the Qin Dynasty | 18 | |
| 8357603131 | Han Dynasty | ruled from 200 B.C.E. to 200 C.E. by the Huns from northern Asia; civil service system and examination was developed | 19 | |
| 8357603132 | Hellenism | the culture, ideals, and pattern of life of Classical Greece | 20 | |
| 8357603133 | hierarchy | a system with different groups in a certain order, like the caste system in India | 21 | |
| 8357603134 | the Huns | northern nomadic tribes who took over China and invaded Europe | 22 | |
| 8357603135 | hunter-gatherer | people who depended on nature for sustenance and at the mercy of nature | 23 | |
| 8357603136 | irrigation | usually simple dikes and canals to capture floods water and precious fertile silt; helped pupolations get steady water supplies and a fairly reliable plumbing and sewage system | 24 | |
| 8357603137 | Legalism | dominant belief system of Qin rulers, believed everyone is evil and strict/harsh laws were necessary | 25 | |
| 8357603138 | monotheism | believing in only one god | 26 | |
| 8357603139 | Neolithic "New Stone" Revolution | people moved from nomadic lifestyles to agricultural lifestyles and town and city life | 27 | |
| 8357603140 | nomadic | moving from place to place depending on the migration patterns of animals and the seasons; people were at the mercy of nature | 28 | |
| 8357603141 | pastoral | domestication of animals, small-scale agriculture to supplement the main food supply of animal products | 29 | |
| 8357603142 | Pax Romana | period of peace and prosperity in Rome during Augustus Caesar's rule | 30 | |
| 8357603143 | polytheism | worshipping more than one god | 31 | |
| 8357603144 | Roman Republic | had social/political structure of patricians (land-owning noblemen), plebeians (all other free men), and slaves; organized as representative republic with the Senate and the Assembly | 32 | |
| 8357603145 | Shang Civilization | rose in Hwang Ho River Valley; used its stable agricultural surplus to build a trade-centered civilization; controlled parge parts of northern China and was militarily quite powerful; limited contact with world (except Mesopotamia); ethnocentric attitude; patriarchal structure | 33 | |
| 8357603146 | Shi Huang Di | the first emperor of China who recentralized various feudal kingdoms; Qin Dynasty; oversaw the construction of the Great Wall of China | 34 | |
| 8357603147 | Siddhartha Gautama | young Hindu prince who founded Buddhism; rejected his wealth to serach for the meaning of human suffereing; became Buddha/Enlightened One | 35 | |
| 8357603148 | Silk Road trade | extended from China to the Roman Empire; pastoral communities along the way procided protection, shelter, and supplies for merchants in exchange for payment; culture/religion and disease spread along this trade route | 36 | |
| 8357603149 | surplus | having more than is needed; this allowed people in different civilizations to specialize in different types of work (artisans, merchants, etc...) | 37 | |
| 8357603150 | theocracy | goverened by god/priests | 38 | |
| 8357603151 | the Torah | the Jewish Bible; made up of the first five books of the Old Testament | 39 | |
| 8357603152 | vassals | dependent landlord in feudal society who gave loyalty and homage to a feudal lord and received the right to occupy the lord's land and be protected by him | 40 | |
| 8357603153 | Xiongnu | large nomadic group from northern Asia believed to be Huns; invaded territories extending from China to Eastern Europe | 41 | |
| 8357603154 | ziggurats | temples built by the Sumerians, kind of like pyrmaids, to appease their gods | 42 |
