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AP World History Exam Flashcards

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6821479362Economic Impact~Total War debt: 338 Billion ~and, towns, villages were destroyed ~After the war, there was not a lot of work, Many people lost their jobs because they worked for the war. Leading to an economic depression0
6704192710DemocracyType of government ruled by the people.1
6704192711Direct DemocracyAll citizens decide , works better in small populations.2
6704192712Representative DemocracyCitizens vote for representatives to make decisions for them.3
6704192713Parliamentary DemocracyExecutive and legislative functions both reside in the elected assembly.4
6704192714AutocracyA system of government by one person with absolute power.5
6704192715DictatorshipWhen power is seized by or granted to an individual member of society.6
6704192716Totalitarian DictatorshipA political system in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority.7
6704192717Absolute MonarchyA form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority and no restrictions.8
6704192718Constitutional MonarchyA form of monarchy following a constitution.9
6704192719TheocracyRuled by a single leader usually claims to be chosen by God.10
6704192720OligarchyA small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.11
6704192721AnarchyNo government12
6704192722ReligionA particular system of having faith or worshipping13
6704192723Abrahamic Religion- Christianity, Judaism, Islam - All monotheistic - Abraham was a prophet14
6704192724Christianity100 CE; Christians were the minorities of many civilizations until 324 CE; In the Roman Empire Christians were persecuted; Emperor Constantine(Rome) eventually makes it the official religion of Rome and rebuilt churches15
6704192725JudaismAbraham was the first Jew to speak to God Started in the Middle East Torah - Jewish Holy Book16
6704192726Islam700 CE in Saudi Arabia; By 800 CE it spreads to Africa, Asia, and Europe through trade; Muslim book of law = Quran/Kuran17
6704192727BuddhismNot an Abrahamic religion 2,500 years ago in Nepal Siddhartha Gotama = Buddha, No god18
6704192728Hinduism900 million followers today; 150 BCE, began in India; Henothesitic - One god presented in many - Main god is Brahman19
6704192729Mesopotamia- Began to live here as early as 10,000 BCE - Land between two rivers (Tigris & Euphrates) - Fertile Crescent20
6704192730Ancient Greece- 800 BCE to 500 BCE - Created Democracy - Art, poetry, sports - City State21
6704192731Ancient Rome- 753 BCE to 476 CE - Italy - Tiber River - Representative Democracy - Military - Laws22
6704192732Han Empire- Located in China - 206 BCE - 200 CE - Fought with the Romans and lost - Pacific Ocean23
6704192733Mauryan Empire- Located in India - 321 BCE to 185 BCE - Ganges River - Largest standing army - Buddhism24
6704192734Abbasid EmpireSecond of the two greatest dynasties of the Muslim Empire of the caliphate 750-1258 CE Overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 75025
6715998297Christian CrusadesReligious War, Byzantine Empire vs. Abbasid Empire. Christianity against Muslims. Started in approximately 109526
6715999623Han Dynasty-Fall of Rome: Fell 220 CE -Lost the Battle of Red. -The Jin Dynasty took over Next. China was in Chaos -there was many wars and then that fell in 580 CE27
6716000853The Middle Ages400-1400s started with the fall of Rome and ended with the Renaissance. Also called the dark times and Medieval Times. In the Dark Ages education, learning, art, and innovation was forgotten. Barbarians (Germans) and Vikings (Norway) were attacking Europe.28
6716001858Sui Dynasty589-618 CE Their Goals -build Great Wall of China -1 million Men died while creating it - Expand China - Religion: Confucianism Sui Dynasty fell when their own Military attacked the emperor. -military wasn't treated well29
6716003314Song DynastyPoetry : 960 - 1279, Daoism, Extended Trade, song raised taxes, song valued government, both did calligraphy song only had a male ruler30
6716006633FeudalismSocial system in Europe during the Middle Ages. 1.) King 2.) Lords 3.) Knights 4.) Surfs/Peasants31
6716003313Tang DynastyPoetry, Daoism, Extended Trade, Tang: 618-907, lowered taxes between tang and song there was a 53 year gap and it was complete chaos. Tang had a female ruler, Valued Military.32
6728489872BishopsWhere often wealthy and came from noble families ruled over groups of parishes33
6728489873Parish PriestsThey came from humbler backgrounds and often had little education34
6728489874Village PriestsTended to the sick and indigent and if he was able taught Latin and the Bible to the youth of the village35
6728489875Catholic Churchis the only name of the only church in Europe during the middle ages36
6728489876Magna CartaThe Magna Carta limited the Kings power of taxation and will require trials before punishment37
6728489877Women Roles in Medieval EuropeWomen held a difficult positionthey were mainly doing household tasks and other than that they hunted or fought in battles. Women have different rules like blacksmith merchants mid wives and apothecaries38
6728489878Social Class in Medieval EuropeKing, Lords, Knights, Serfs/Peasants39
6728489879Silk Road206 CE to 1453 CE China, India, the Middle East, Europe. The Black Plague was spread through the Silk Road40
6728489880Trans-Saharan TradeNorthern Africa trade, 600 CE to 1300 used camels41
6728489881Indian Ocean Trade800 CE-1500's CE connected Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. Used boats.42
6728489882Bubonic PlagueTook place from 1347 to 1353 there are four symptoms fever, no appetite or pains, and black boils that oozed blood. This plague settled in the lungs and liquefied them, caused bleeding to death, and you would cough blood and you would have organ failure. The Plague spread by catapulting dead bodies, merchant boats, rats and airborne.43
6728489883Golden AgeWhile Europe is going through dark ages China was growing. There was three dynasties Sui Tang Song. China's culture improved some examples include printing, weapons, education, and art.44
6716001859ConfucianismLed by Confucius in 400 CE. that valued education ,respect Hard work, hierarchy (separate social classes)45
6760330279EmpiresEmpires were formed by linking diverse ethnic, national, cultural, and religious components.46
6760330280ImperialismExtending a country's power through military force47
6760330281Ottoman Empire1300-1922, Leader Osman, Nomadic groups came together and expand around 1300, created a natural barrier between Islamic civs. And the Byzantine Empire.48
6760330282Sultan Mehmet wiiSultan leader from 1451-1481, during his rule all of turkey (anatolians) was brought under the ottomans and Byzantine empire was defeated.49
6760330283Persian Empire500-300 BCE: before the Romans they had the Majority of Rule over Europe/Asia.50
6760330284NationalismA desire by a large group of people To form a separate and independent nation of their own.51
6760330285RenaissanceA time of rebirth of culture in Europe. During the end of the Middle Ages, revamped in art, innovation, education52
676044956312th Century RenaissanceTook place during high middle ages. -social, political, economical transformations -Churches and schools were built for students to learn Latin and Greek. -People of Europe believed that "beauty brought people closer to god." -Cathedrals were built with Sculptures and Mosaics53
6760503765Medici FamilyAttained wealth through commerce and banking in Florence in 13th Century. -They kept their power through Family -Their power died when the last Media grand duke Gran Gasture died without a male heir in 1737 -1100-120054
6760572946Art of the 12th Century-Religions -Angels -Crucifix -Gold -Jesus -Halos -Cross -Domes, towers, arches55
676059988915th Century RenaissanceItalian Renaissance: Art, Architecture, Music, Philosophy and other arts prospered. Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Donatelo56
6760631897Art from the 15th CenturyCommon People, Nature, Non-Metallic Colors, Physical Features pronounced, variety of colors, nudity.57
6760656475Italian Rennaisance15th Century Renaissance58
6761779984Medieval Renaissance12th Century Renaissance59
6762347932Age of ExplorationThe so-called Age of Exploration was a period from the early 15th century and continuing into the early 17th century, during which European ships were traveled around the world to search for new trading routes and partners to feed burgeoning capitalism in Europe.60
6762352412Trans-Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through the 19th centuries.61
6762352413Enlightenmenta European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition62
6762440647Resourcesmaterials or supplies, gold, cotton, slaves63
6762490927Black plagueA epidemic disease64
6762499610IMperializing africaBritain Imperialize west africa because they wanted to trade more gold and they didn't want to compete to win them65
6806246508LusitaniaMay 7th 1915, The Ship Lusitania was attacked by Germans without any Warning. 1,198 people were killed (128) were americans Even though tensions were growing the US did not join until 191766
6806257848AlliesTriple Entente UK, France, Russia, Japan, U.S67
6806271062Central PowersGermany, Austria - Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria68
6806349956The AssassinationMany Serbians felt that Austria was a foreign opress. On June 28, Archduke69
6814486304Modern WarWWI was considered the first modern war. Def. The use of technology and new strategies pushes conflict farther. Examples: U - Boats, Propaganda, Trench Warfare, Poison Gas.70
6821397635Operation BarbarossaJune 22 1941. Hitler Invades the Soviet Union; Soviet Union wasn't prepared because of the Non Aggression Pact. Germans starved 2.5 million people and destroyed most food storages in the Battle of Stalingrad. ~Bombs ~ Tanks ~Horses ~Trenches71
6821421837Non - Aggression Pact1939: Hitler agreed to attack Poland and divide the land with Russia as long as long as they promised each other to fight each other. Once Hitler attacked Poland, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany but Poland fell under Nazi Control under 3 weeks. WWII starts because of the Invasion in Poland72
6821471655Blitz KriegTo attack Poland. Germans used this tactic. Lightning war which uses fast moving planes and tanks followed by infantry to take the person by surprise. ~Easy attack ~There isn't any Escape73
6821534793Pearl HarborDecember 7, 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. US was unhappy with Japan's Attitude. Japanese Gov't believed to end economic and demographic problems with territorial expansion and taking over impact goods.74
6827444537Marshall PlanThe Marshall Plan saved Western Europe from communism and chaos, and West Germany eventually repaid its share of the money. any comprehensive program for federally supported economic assistance, as for urban renewal.75
6827444538USSRRussia as a communist country76
6827447431Yalta ConferenceThe Yalta Conference was a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down.77
6827447432Truman DoctrineUS president Harry Truman 1947 US promises to provide political and military help to all democratic and capitalist nations to fight communism. Specifically trying to protect Greece and Turkey78
6827450020CommunismTotal Government control of Markets. Values Equality and no Social Classes79
6827450021SocialismSome government ownership of Markets. They make everyone pay taxes.80
6827451968Warsaw PactThe Warsaw Pact, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance and sometimes, informally, WarPac81
6827454116Nato TreatyNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 1949. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.82
6827455579Iron CurtainThe notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.83
6827455580Cold WarWar between communism and capitalism84
6827459631Cuban Missile CrisisThe Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (Spanish: Crisis de Octubre), the Caribbean Crisis (Russian:), or the Missile Scare, was a 13-day (October 16-28, 1962) confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union concerning American ballistic missile deployment in Italy and Turkey with consequent Soviet ballistic missile deployment in Cuba. The confrontation is often considered the closest the Cold War came to escalating into a full-scale nuclear war.85
6827465693Viet CongThe Việt Cộng, also known as the National Liberation Front, was a political organization with its own army.86
6827459632Vientnam WarThe Vietnam War (1955-75) was a Cold War conflict pitting the U.S. and the remnants of the French colonial government in South Vietnam against the indigenous but communist Vietnamese independence movement, the Viet Minh, following the latter's expulsion of the French in 1954.87
6827481019CapitalismA type of economy $$ that has no control in the Market. There is competition and social classes (poor and rich)88
6843454450Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization and trade after Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage.89
6843461036Adolf HitlerNazi dictator of Germany, born in Austria: Chancellor 1933-45; dictator 1934-45.90
6843463835Zheng He ExpeditionZheng He (1371-1433 or 1435), formerly romanized as Cheng Ho, was a Hui Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China's early Ming dynasty. Born Ma He (Chinese for Muhammad), Zheng commanded expeditionary voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, Western Asia, and East Africa from 1405 to 1433.91

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