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AP world history exam Flashcards

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391473928complex societycharacterized by all or most of the following features: dense population, agricultural economy, cities, complex social hierarchy, complex occupational specialization, centralized state, monumental building, a writing system, and a dominant belief system0
391473929paleolithicof, relating to, or denoting the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used1
391473930Venus figurinesprehistoric statuettes of women portrayed with similar physical attributes from the upper Paleolithic, mostly found in Europe, but with finds as far east as Siberian, extending their distribution to much of Eurasia2
391473931metallurgythe branch of science that deals with the property of metals3
391473932social class / social structurethe people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships4
391473933neolithicof, relating to, or denoting the later part of the Stone Age, when ground or polished stone implements prevailed5
391473934textilea type of cloth or woven fabric6
391473935neolithic revolutionwas the first agricultural revolution. it was the wide scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to agriculture and settlements. archaeological data indicates that various forms of plants and animal domestication evolved independently in six separate locations worldwide. the earliest known evidence exists in the tropical and subtropical areas of southwestern / southern Asia7
391473936agricultural transitionthe changing of science or occupation of working land to grow crops8
391579530polytheismthe belief or worship in more than one god9
391579531monotheism / monotheisticthe doctrine, or belief that there is only one god10
391579532daoismis a system of ideas and beliefs based on the teachings of Laozi. He believed that people should live simply without interfering with nature or the natural order of things. The concept of balance that was essential was key in most of the dynasties of China's history. Its also led many followers to nature conservation in China, which is largely polluted11
391579533legalismexcessive adherence to law or formula12
391579534Jainisma nontheistic religion founded in India in the 6th century B.C. by the Jina Vardhamana Mahavira as a reaction against the teachings of orthodox Brahamanism, and still practiced there. It teaches salvation by perfection through successive lives, and noninjury to living creatures, and is noted for its ascetics13
391579535Hellenismthe national character or culture of Greece, asp. ancient Greece / the study or imitation of ancient Greek culture14
391579536Christianitya monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior15
391579537Zionisma movement for (originally) the reestablishment and (now) the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel. It was established as a political organization in 1897 under Theodor Herzi, and was later led by Chaim Weizmann16
391579538Hinduisma body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and based on a caste system; it is characterized by a belief in reincarnation, by a belief in supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation form earthly evils17
391579539Islamthe religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah18
391579540Judaismthe monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud19
391579541Shiaone of the two branches of Islam, followed esp. in Iran, that rejects the first 3 other branch's caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph as Muhammad's first true successor / a Muslim who adheres to this branch of Islam (blood line)20
391579542Sunnithe branch of Islam that believes that the Qur'ran is the final authority, and that their leaders have no special sacred wisdom (not blood line, elected)21
391579543Buddhismthe teachings of Buddah that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire causes, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth22
391579544Manichaeisma dualistic religious system with Christian, Gnostic, and Pagan elements, founded in Persia is the 3rd century by Manes. The system was based on a supposed primeval conflict between light and darkness. It spread widely in the Roman Empire and in Asia, and survived in Chinese Turkestan until the 13th centruy23
391579545Catholicfounder is Jesus Christ, founded around 30 A.D. The church structure is ecclesiastical hierarchy of bishops, priests, and deacons. Mission was to bring the message of Christ to all the ends of the Earth, and call all persons to baptism to become children of God24
391579546Confusicanismthe teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors): peace, justice, influenced the traditional culture of China25

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