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AP World History Fall Final Flashcards

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8400855383Isolating Russia from Western Europe was......the most significant role the Mongols played in Russian history during the early Renaissance​0
8399709260Justinian......undertook massive building projects such as the Hagia Sophia, re-conquered most of the western half of the former Roman Empire and codified Roman law1
8375972235The word Islam means......submission to the will of Allah2
8375985779Islam was......monotheistic3
8375996153Muslims pray......5 times a day4
8376015975Muslims needing to know the precise direction of Mecca during prayer lead to......advancements in astronomy5
8376026900Shari'a is......the system of law that regulates family life, moral conduct, and the business and community life of Muslims6
8376066734Muslims considered Jews & Christians......"people of the book"7
8376075461During the Golden Age of Islam......there was toleration of many other religions8
8376093525Jews & Christians worshipped the same God as Muslims so......they could live in self-governing communities but had to pay a special tax9
8376113037The House of Wisdom in Baghdad was where......scientific and philosophical texts were translated into Arabic10
8376132794Muslim scientist preferred experiments in......the laboratory setting11
8376145000The Golden Age of Islam was best known for......advances in mathematics, science and medicine12
8376158794Calligraphy was the style of writing used to......record Islamic scripture in the Quran13
8376186268A major effect of the decline of the Roman Empire was......that Western Europe entered a period of chaos and disorder14
8376204402Feudalism is the political system that......developed in Western Europe and provided the framework that allowed people to survive the breakdown of central gov't and order15
8376235112The development of feudalism and manorialism filed a void that was created by......the loss of Roman imperial protection16
8376252636The bubonic plague was considered a......pandemic because it spread to areas on separate continents17
8376285267A major goal of the Catholic Church during the Crusades was......the capture of the Holy Land from Islamic rulers18
8376312890Under feudalism......relationships among groups of people were clearly defined by mutual obligation among social classes because a weak national gov't lacked the ability to19
8376350247The most significant effect of the Crusades was......the increased trade between Europe and Asia20
8376369816An important long-term effect result of the Crusades in the Middle East was......the increased tension between the Muslims and Christians21
8376396760The motivation behind the nobles' desire to force King John to sign the Magna Carta was......"no taxation without consent"22
8399767610In the Byzantine Empire, one important feature of life was the......development of Eastern Orthodox Christianity23
8399779839The Byzantine civilization......preserved Greek and Roman learning and passed it on to western and eastern Europe24
8399845535The Justinian Code served to......preserve Roman legal principles and practices25
8400051763Constantinople was the center of the Byzantine Empire because......it was located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia26
8400108199The early Russian civilization adopted......aspects of religion, the Cyrillic alphabet and different styles of art and architecture through contact with missionaries from the Byzantine Empire27
8400162872Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire differed because......the Byzantine Empire maintained a centralized gov't while western Europe broke apart into local political units28
8400197686Orthodox Christianity spread......from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia29
8400273792The Byzantine Empire did not experience conflicts between church and state because......the Emperor played a direct role in the administration of the Church30
8400314154The Byzantine Empire influenced the development of Russia and eastern Russia and eastern Europe because......many early settlements were located on trades routes between the Baltic and the Black Sea31
8400354926Membership in a Mongol clan was determined by a......member's claim of a common ancestor32
8400392161The horsemanship and stirrup gave the Mongols......better stability and versatility33
8400405513The Pax Mongolia led to......regional stability and increased trade on the Silk Road34
8400430655From 1200-1350 the Mongol Empire ruled peoples from China, Russia, Eastern Europe, and India, which showed......diversity was important to the Mongol Empire35
8400839403The Mongol Empire allowed the people who lived in Russia and much of Asia in the late 1200s......the ability to trade and travel from one end of the empire to the other36
8400870799Genghis Khan was.....the first leader to unite all the Mongol clans under a single leader37
8400885350Kublai Khan......favored the Mongols and foreigners for gov't post because he believed that he had no local loyalties38
8400910987Immediately following the death of Genghis Khan......the Mongol Empire was divided into 4 khanates39
8400925104Baghdad was......sacked and obliterated by the Mongols in 125840
8400942875The major effect of the destruction of Baghdad......was the decline of the Golden Age of Islam41
8401051675The Neolithic Revolution is......considered the turning point in history because permanent settlements developed into river valleys42
8401070976Anthropologists examined artifacts at archeological digs to......recreate early peoples cultural behavior43
8401084579During Neolithic times, the development of farming brought about......the establishment of permanent settlements44
8401092561Hammurabi's Code......was Mesopotamia's first uniform code of laws45
8401103499Cuneiform and hieroglyphics were both......early forms of writing46
8401110278Theocracy......is a form of gov't based on the belief that the ruler is a god47
8401121898The Egyptians kept track of time......between floods and planting season with a calendar48
8401131154The Sumerians are credited with......the inventions of the sail, the wheel, arch, number system based on 60, and complex irrigation49
8401139298Cultural diffusion is......the process of a new idea or product spreading from one culture to another50
8401155723The spring monsoon brought......rain to water the crops in India51
8401163894Harappa and Mohenjo Dara had...... well-organized gov't as seen from the evidence found by archeologists such as uniform bricks, plumbing, and a grid system52
8401180048The Mandate of Heaven is......the God-given right to rule53
8401194243The Zhou dynasty justified their overthrow of the Shang dynasty by......claiming the gods had given them the Mandate of Heaven54
8401710546The Assyrians were......the most feared and hated in the ancient world55
8401724236Cyrus the Persian ruler that......allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple56
8401767176The Assyrian military was......a greatly organized and deadly fighting force57
8401831450Hinduism is a......complex religion that evolved from a blend of Aryan and Indus Valley beliefs58
8401881765Karma is......the Hindu belief that what happens to a person in his life depends on their actions in a previous life59
8401937614Siddhartha Gautama......left his royal position in Nepal in search of enlightenment60
8401987425Nirvana is the Buddhist word for......the release from all selfishness and pain61
8402086108On the Silk Road the Indians discovered......they could profit by acting as middlemen62
8402131514The purpose of the Great Wall of China was to......prevent invaders from entering China63
8402210735The Silk Road was a......caravan route that crossed central Asia, introducing silk from China to western Asia and on to the Roman Empire64
8408626693The Chinese were the first civilization to......develop a civil service system, invent gunpowder and manufacture porcelain65
8408640384The two Buddhist sects are......Mahayana and Theravada66
8408673194The Mediterranean Sea contributed the most......to the spread of ancient Greek culture67
8408679140Because of the rugged geography, the Greeks......developed into separate independent city-states68
8408697804People voting directly for their leaders today in the US system was modeled after......Athenian democracy69
8408704063Sparta's gov't was ruled by......a small group of powerful people in an oligarchy70
8408710406The Greeks worshipped......a family of gods and goddess71
8408712757The culture of the Greeks is......the foundation of western civilization72
8408720481After the death of Alexander the Great......the Hellenistic culture emerged which is a blend of Persian, Indian, Greek and Egyptian73
8408727911A republic is a......political system where the power rests in the citizens who have the right to vote and select their leaders74
8408739121Roman concepts of civil and natural law......impact western civilizations in equal treatment under the law75
8408799146Under the rule of Augustus......Rome entered a 200 year period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana76
8408813930The Roman system of justice was considered a......milestone because it served as a model for many later European legal systems77
8408822953The central location of Italy on the peninsula contributed to......Roman control of the Mediterranean and influenced the development of the Roman Empire78
8408865671Rome fell because of......barbarian invasions. It became too big to control and many leaders and politicians were corrupt79
8408877686A period of disorder and weak central gov't was an......immediate result of the fall of the Roman Empire80
8408886674Olympic games, the poems of Homer, and Hellenistic culture are associated with the......Greeks81
8408892052The Roman Empire differed from the Roman Republic because......the political power was primarily held by one person during the Roman Empire82
8408922277The first major civilization of Meso-America......was the Toltecs83
8408930173The Aztec, Mayan, and Incas were all......polytheistic84
8408945269A major difference between the pre-Columbian civilizations and the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia is that the......pre-Columbians did not develop in river valleys85
8408969435Obsidian was a resource used by......the Aztecs to make razor sharp weapons86
8408977647The Aztec, Maya, and Inca......adapted to their environment with creative farming techniques87
8408988938The Mita which is the tax that the Inca state placed on its people is also known as a......tribute of labor88
8408994849The Maya based their calendar on......observation of the planets, sun, and moon89
8409000519The Aztecs joined with......Texcoco and Tlacopan to form the Triple Alliance90
8409015587The Incan system of gov't was......similar to socialism91
8409021046The Mayans declined hundreds of years before......the arrival of the Europeans92
8409026404The Inca added territory to their empire through......military force and diplomacy93
8409032227The Aztecs were resented by conquered provinces because......the Aztec used them for human sacrifice94
8409037189The Aztec and Mayan flourished......prior to European contact and this is evident through their calendar and writing system95
8409056541Quetzalcoatl was......the featured serpent god worshiped by the Aztecs, Mayans, and the Toltecs96
8409078342The technology of the Spanish conquistadors was a major reason for the......end of the Aztec Empire97
8409088919The decline of the Inca Empire can......be traced to a struggle between rivals for the Incan throne98
8409092363The totem pole was a......symbol of unity99
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