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| 397989546 | Martin Luther's criticisms of the Roman Catholic church was greatly aided by | The printing press. | |
| 397989547 | Martin Luther's work had an enthusiastic popular support because | He attacked the sale of indulgences that the poor could not afford. Many Christians shared his concern about the corruption of the Church. Many German princes saw this as a way to break away from the Church. He supported the translation of the Bible from Latin into the vernacular languages. | |
| 397989548 | In response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic church | Summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen its spiritual commitments. | |
| 397989549 | What was the principal work of the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits)? | To be disciplined, educated representatives of the Church throughout the world. | |
| 397989550 | The Thirty Years' War began when | The Holy Roman emperor tried to force his Bohemian subjects to return to Catholicism. | |
| 397989551 | The new monarchs were characterized by all of the following except | A commitment to individual liberty. | |
| 397989552 | The Spanish Inquisition relied on religious justifications to advance what political ends? | Discoursing the Spanish from adopting Protestantism. | |
| 397989553 | Seventeenth century constitutional monarchies are characterized by all of the following except | The election of the monarch by the merchant class. | |
| 397989554 | According to the divine right theory of government | The king derives his authority from God alone and is not accountable to his subjects. | |
| 397989555 | Louis XIV managed to control the nobles of France and their activities by | Requiring the nobility to live at Versailles where he could distract them and keep an eye on them. | |
| 397989556 | Which individual in incorrectly paired with a scientific discovery? | Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter. | |
| 397989557 | The divisions of Christianity during the Reformations most closely resembles | Sunni-Shia divisions within Islam over political leadership of the Muslim community. | |
| 397989558 | Although the Ming emperor Yongle encouraged maritime exploration, later emperors discontinued that practice because | The navy was considered too great a drain on the imperial resources. | |
| 397989559 | Which of the following is not true of the Manchus? | They rejected Confucian principles in favor of a Mongol-style tribal council. | |
| 397989560 | Which of the following is not true of the scholar bureaucrats of China? | They were independent warlords, far from court and above the law. | |
| 397989561 | Which of the following in not true of China's civil service system? | It guaranteed the central place of Confucianism in Chinese education. | |
| 397989562 | The person with the lowest status in the Chinese household was | An unmarried son. The mother of grown sons. A young husband. Dead ancestors. | |
| 397989563 | Foreign traders sought all of the following Chinese products except | Silver. | |
| 397989564 | In the view of Emperor Qianlong, the trade between China and England was | Unnecessary to China but a favor to England. | |
| 397989565 | By far the biggest social class in early modern China was the | Peasants. | |
| 397989566 | According to traditional Confucian values, merchants were | Considered social parasites. | |
| 397989567 | Tokugawa Ieyasu ruled Japan as | A temporary military ruler in support of the emperor. | |
| 397989568 | In order to control daimyo and maintain political stability, the Tokugawa bakufu | Obliged the daimyo to live in the capital on alternative years. Limited contacts between individual daimyo. had final approval over all marriage alliances among the daimyo. Limited contacts between daimyo and the outside world. | |
| 397989569 | The isolationism of the Tokugawa government included | Forbidding Japanese from going abroad. | |
| 397989570 | In the floating worlds in the major Japanese cities, one could find | Kabuki theaters, brothels, public baths, and treehouses. | |
| 397989571 | What became of the Christian community in Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate? | Christians were brutally persecuted and driven into secrecy. | |
| 397989572 | The statements below refer to which empire? -Originally were semi-nomadic Turks -Had an elite fighting force of slave troops made of Christian boys -Islamic religious scholars served administrative functions | Ottoman Empire. | |
| 397989573 | The photograph above is a representative of which type of architecture? | Islamic. | |
| 397989574 | Which of the following best describes a difference between the Ottoman and Mughal dynasties? | The Ottoman conquerors maintained that they were the epitome of the spiritual warrior while the Mughal conquerors made no claims to religious motives. | |
| 397989575 | Of the following points, which was NOT a factor that explains future European dominance over the Islamic regions? | Deeply conservative cultural considerations that led to rejection of innovation. | |
| 397989576 | The Ottoman military made use of | Gunpowder weapons. Siege warfare. Specially trained Janissary forces. Armored cavalry. | |
| 397989577 | All of these were gunpowder empires EXCEPT | Tokugawa Japan. | |
| 397989578 | The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires possessed all of these shared characteristics EXCEPT | All originated in Turkish nomadic cultures of the steppe. | |
| 397989579 | The chief source of rivalry between the Ottomans and Safavids was | Religion - the Ottomans were Sunni and the Safavids were Shi'ites. | |
| 397989580 | Which of these statements about the decline of the Ottoman Empire is TRUE? | Ottoman institutions were weak and failed to support the empire. | |
| 397989581 | All of these contributed to the decline of the Mughal empire EXCEPT | Too many wars of conquest exhausted resources. | |
| 397989582 | The ideas of the Enlightenment challenged the long-term assumptions about sovereignty and instead proposed that | Governments are bound to the will of the people. | |
| 397989583 | Which of the following could be considered an expression of enlightened ideas about government? | The Declaration of Independence. | |
| 397989584 | The American colonies won their bid for independence primarily because | The French and the Dutch decided to support them against the British. | |
| 397989585 | Embedded in the American Constitution is the principle of | Popular sovereignty. | |
| 397989586 | Which of the following was NOT one of the causes of the French Revolution of 1789? | Accusation of treason against Louis XVI. | |
| 397989587 | Under the rule of the Convention, French women | Gained important property rights and the right to a divorce. | |
| 397989588 | In general, Napoleon championed | Equality under the law but not political freedom. | |
| 397989589 | A political liberal in the 19th century would be likely to advocate | Written constitutions and representative government. | |
| 397989590 | The first European power to abolish the slave trade was | Britain. | |
| 397989591 | Which of the following was not an economic advantage enjoyed by Britain in the 18th century? | Local sources of raw cotton. | |
| 397989592 | Cecil Rhodes | A leading British imperialist active in South Africa. | |
| 397989593 | Which of the following was not an economic motivation for imperialism? | European and American industry needed more sources of coal. | |
| 397989594 | The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling refers to | The moral duty of the West to work to "civilize" the rest of the world. | |
| 397989595 | All of the following improved communications between India and Britain EXCEPT | The completion of the Panama Canal. | |
| 397989596 | The Mughal dynasty fell primarily because | The state had been weakened by conflicts during the reign of Aurangzeb. | |
| 397989597 | Under British imperial rule, India was governed | With British bureaucrats and officers overseeing Indian civil servants. | |
| 397989598 | One social goal of the British authorities in India was to | Abolish the custom of burning widows with their husbands bodies. | |
| 397989599 | Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina | Encouraged conversion to Christianity. | |
| 397989600 | The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for | The brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II. | |
| 397989601 | The term "Great Game" refers to the | Russian contest with Britain for central Asia. | |
| 397989602 | The Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 established | That, if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony. | |
| 397989603 | Panama was supported in its uprising against Columbia by US president | Theodore Roosevelt. | |
| 397989604 | Japanese imperial expansion in the late 19th century was primarily motivated by | Resentment at the unequal treaties forced on them by the US. | |
| 397989605 | Pressure for reform in British India came from | Educated Indians seeking self rule. | |
| 397989606 | American president who informed the states of Europe that no further colonization of the New World would be tolerated by the US government. | James Monroe. | |
| 397989607 | Name taken by the descendants of Dutch settlers in South Africa. | Afrikaners. | |
| 397989608 | Indian soldiers in service of the East India Company and later of the British government. | Sepoys. | |
| 397989609 | American president who oversaw the construction of the Panama Canal and secured US rights to the Canal Zone. | Theodore Roosevelt. | |
| 397989610 | Educated Indian reformer whose ideas of Indian nationalism led to the creation of the Indian National Congress. | Ram Mohan Ray. | |
| 397989611 | Belgian monarch who claimed the Congo as his personal domain and impressed the Congolese people to work on his plantation. | Leopold II | |
| 397989612 | By the end of the 19th century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following EXCEPT | Ireland. | |
| 397989613 | The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the catalyst that started WWI because | His death brought to a head the tensions underlying the alliance in eastern and western Europe. | |
| 397989614 | The rivalry between Germany and Britain up to 1914 included | An expensive naval race. Competition for foreign markets. Tariff wars. Competition for colonies in east and southwest Africa. | |
| 397989615 | The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente was | To provide mutual defense and support in case of attack. | |
| 397989616 | The German Schlieffen Plan called for | A swift knockout of France combined with defensive actions against Russia. | |
| 397989617 | Which of the following was not a new military technology used for the first time in WWI? | Nuclear submarines. | |
| 397989618 | In WWI, "no man's land" was the | Deadly territory between opposing trenches. | |
| 397989619 | What effect did WWI have on the status of women? | Women in many countries received the vote in the years after the war. | |
| 397989620 | The purpose of the 21 Demands was | To reduce China to the status of a Japanese protectorate. | |
| 397989621 | The Battle of Gallipoli was significant in that | This British directed debacle cost the lives of many Canadian, Australian, and New Zealand troops. | |
| 397989622 | Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate when | Troops garrisoned in the capital mutinied. | |
| 397989623 | The provisional government lost the support of many Russians because it | Promised to continue the war to victory. | |
| 397989624 | Although he called himself a Marxist, Lenin, unlike Marx, believed that | The revolution would be led by a small, highly disciplined party acting on behalf of the workers. | |
| 397989625 | A key factor in the US decision to end WWI was | Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare against the US. | |
| 397989626 | At the Paris Peace Conference, | Britain and France were determined to strip Germany of military power. | |
| 397989627 | Which of the following statements about the League of Nations is not true? | It was dominated by the countries of Europe. | |
| 397989628 | Gandhi embraced a moral philosophy of tolerance and nonviolence (ahimsa) during the twenty-five years he spent in | South Africa. | |
| 397989629 | Gandhi | Fought hard to improve the status of the casteless Untouchables. Launched the Non-Cooperation Movement. Began the Civil Disobedience Movement. Worked to secure approval of the Government of India Act. | |
| 397989630 | Which of the following was NOT one of the foundations of Gandhi's philosophy? | Heavy industrialization. | |
| 397989631 | Muhammad Ali Jinnah called for the creation of | Pakistan. | |
| 397989632 | Mao Zedong's main rival after 1925 was | Jiang Jieshi. | |
| 397989633 | The May Fourth Movement | Galvanized the Chinese against foreign influence. | |
| 397989634 | The Long March | Greatly strengthened Mao Zedong's leadership position. | |
| 397989635 | Marcus Garvey | Was a Jamaican who championed the "Black to Africa" movement. | |
| 397989636 | Who was the driving force behind the Chinese Communist Party? | Mao Zedong. | |
| 397989637 | Chinese nationalist who joined forces with the Communists to expel foreigners from China, then turned against his former allies. | Jiang Jieshi. | |
| 397989638 | The height of Japanese atrocity in China was reached at the rape of | Nanjing. | |
| 397989639 | The Tripartite Pact brought together | Germany, Italy, and Japan. | |
| 397989640 | As evidence of the renewed power and glory of Italy, Mussolini | Invaded Ethiopia. | |
| 397989641 | In 1938 Germany sent troops into what country and forced its leaders to accept the Anchluss? | Austria. | |
| 397989642 | At the Munich Conference, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain | Agreed that Hitler could keep lands already taken in exchange for a pledge to end German expansion. | |
| 397989643 | The Russian-German Treaty of Nonaggression of 1939 | Freed Hitler to pursue a more aggressive policy in western Europe. | |
| 397989644 | The German Blitzkrieg referred to | A lightening war. | |
| 397989645 | Operation Barbarossa in 1941 was code for the | German invasion of the Soviet Union. | |
| 397989646 | An immediate reason for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was | An American-led oil embargo against Japan. | |
| 397989647 | A key factor in the Allied victory in the Pacific was | The island-hopping strategy that positioned US troops within striking range of Japan. Massive aerial bombing of key Japanese cities. The development of the atomic bomb. The declaration of war by the Soviet government against Japan. | |
| 397989648 | The Japanese finally surrendered in 1945 | After the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. | |
| 397989649 | At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Nazi leader decided to | Deport all European Jews to concentration camps in Poland for extermination. | |
| 397989650 | Women in the US and Britain performed all the following wartime activities except | Direct combat. | |
| 397989651 | The Truman Doctrine pledged that | The US would support free people resisting subjugation by insurrection or outside interference. | |
| 397989652 | The Marshall Plan was | A US financial plan to rebuild Europe and stop Soviet expansion. | |
| 397989653 | Mohandas Gandhi was assassinated by a | Hindu extremist. | |
| 397989654 | Gandhi and Nehru opposed the partition of India because | They believed that India could be a successful multicultural state. | |
| 397989655 | In 1947, India and Pakistan went to war over | Kashmir. | |
| 397989656 | A Geneva peace conference regarding Vietnam in 1954 | Followed the defeat of France at Dienbienphu. Determined that Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17th parallel. Determined that Ho Chi Minh and the communists would have control of North Vietnam. Determined that democratic elections would be held as soon as possible. | |
| 397989657 | The Balfour Declaration of 1917 promised that Palestine would | Become a homeland for immigrant Jews. | |
| 397989658 | Britain withdrew from Palestine in 1947 because | It could not resolve the conflict between Palestinians and Jews. | |
| 397989659 | Israel has fought and defeated which of the following neighboring states | Egypt. Iraq. Jordan. Syria. | |
| 397989660 | Egyptian president Gamel Abdel Nassar gained great international prestige when he | Succeeded in retaking the Suez Canal from the British. | |
| 397989661 | The French fought to retain Algeria because | There were 2 million French settlers in Algeria. | |
| 397989662 | As a result of the Cultural Revolution in China, | The educated elite were persecuted, and China was deprived of their talent. | |
| 397989663 | Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated because she | Permitted an attack on Sikh extremists at the sacred Golden Temple. | |
| 397989664 | The regime of the Iranian Shah Mohammed Reza Pahazi was overthrown because | He alienated conservative Shia Muslims with his secular reforms. His repressive policies alienated leftist politicians. He allowed US corporations to heavily influence the economy. | |
| 397989665 | Apartheid ended in South Africa because | The Sharpeville massacre instituted a new era of radical activism against it. The international community imposed economic sanctions against South Africa. President de Klerk convinced his party to dismantle the system and hold free elections. The African National Congress provided a vehicle for resistance. |
