Terms : Hide Images
| 5757414743 | Neolithic Revolution | The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural revolutions (10,000 - 8,000 BCE) | 0 | |
| 5757425917 | Swidden Agriculture | shifting cultivation; Would use field for a long period of time and then switch to another field and abandon one used before; would burn fields to fertilize them | 1 | |
| 5757435202 | domestication | domesticated animals led to more permanent building of civilizations and acquired new sources of income and food | 2 | |
| 5757474530 | common characteristics of a civilization | Cities as administrative centers, political system based on control of a defined territory rather than kinship connections, many people engaged in specialized, non-food producing activities, status distinctions based largely on accumulation of substantial wealth by some groups, monumental building, a system for keeping permanent records, long distance trade, and major advances in science and the arts | 3 | |
| 5757477752 | why did many early societies have myths? why? | To show the culture of the specific group on the specific location | 4 | |
| 5757482508 | theocracy of Egypt based on the divinity of... | Pharaohs | 5 | |
| 5757484136 | Egyptian religious beliefs | Believed in the idea of life after death, believed that the natural world was a place of recurrent cycles and periodic renewal, believed in the sun god Re. King was seen as a son of the god Re. Some gods would be given in human form and others would be depicted with animal heads, because of their belief in the afterlife used mummification. | 6 | |
| 5757487277 | what are geographic differences between Nile and Tigris-Euphrates river | The Nile flowed opposite to how Tigris and Euphrates; Nile had regular flooding, but saw it as a gift; unpredictable flooding | 7 | |
| 5757499492 | How did geography affect political, economic, and social/cultural development of the civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia | Trade routes along the river were a good place, soil was good for planting and harvesting crops. Land was flat so people could easily invade land. Irrigationsuch as canals dams and drains | 8 | |
| 5757501747 | Significance of Hammurabi's Code | Mesopotamia established high standards and stern punishment for violators; made it so people would not want to break the laws because punishment was so bad. | 9 | |
| 5757513588 | How does the Epic of Gilgamesh reflect cultural diffusion | Because his people had beliefs spread to other areas of the world | 10 | |
| 5757515549 | writing system of Egypt and Mesopotamia | Egypt: Hieroglyphics Mesopotamia: cuneiform | 11 | |
| 5757521549 | reason for mummification | Egyptians had an obsession with the idea of the afterlife and began to become concerned with the condition of the cadaver and then they perfected the techniques the techniques of mummification to preserve the dead body. | 12 | |
| 5757543116 | purpose of pyramids | to act as a tomb for the Egyptian leaders, tomb for Pharaohs | 13 | |
| 5757552145 | first monotheistic religion was ... first five books of the bible are ... | Zoroastrianism ... the Torah | 14 | |
| 5757554412 | reason Jewish history is called the Diaspora | Because the communities of the religion were living outside their homeland; Jews spread from Israel to western Asias and Mediterranean lands in antiquity and today can be found throughout the world | 15 | |
| 5757557411 | Kingdom of Israel was split into two parts, what were they called? | Israel and Judea | 16 | |
| 5757557412 | Ark of the Covenant | A sacred chest containing the tablets that Yahweh gave to Moses | 17 | |
| 5757562228 | Soloman's building project | He appoints slaves and citizens laborers to strengthen the link between religious and secular authority so he built the first temple in Jerusalem | 18 | |
| 5757564242 | Lasting contributions of the Phoenicians | alphabet that we still used today derived from phoenicians | 19 | |
| 5758009396 | origins and importance of ancestor worship | Believed that ancestors watched over them and that the position of ancestors in society directly affected their descendants in society. | 20 | |
| 5758009413 | unique features of Harappan civilizations | Had high brick walls surrounding the city with streets that were laid out in a rectangular grid. Covered drainpipes carried away waste. They had consistent width of streets and length of city blocks and uniform mud bricks for building | 21 | |
| 5758012447 | Aryans ( social structure of varnas) | Originally pastoral nomads who spoke Indo European languages. Migrated south through the Hindu Kush mountain range and established small communities in northern India; replaced Harappa civilization; limited agriculture, depended on pastoral economy- prized herds of cattle; domesticated horses as means of transportation and devastating war machine when attached to chariots; literary and religious texts were memorized and passed down orally; over time developed a complex caste system, in large part influenced by contacts with indigenous people and invaders | 22 | |
| 5758015727 | caste system | Developed over time as Aryans established settlements in India ( four main social classes or Varnas formed around skin color) priests (Brahmins); warriors and aristocrats (Kshatriyas); cultivators, Artisans, merchants (vaishyas); landless peasants and serfs (shudras); and later untouchables were added and they were the ones who butchered animals or dealt with dead bodies | 23 | |
| 5758017221 | indus valley writing and technology | from artifact collection, we are able to determine that indus valley civilizations were very advanced. we are unable to decipher their language | 24 | |
| 5758053208 | important cities in the Indus Valley | Harrapa and Mohenjo Daro | 25 | |
| 5758055266 | impact of monsoons on agriculture and trade | Once monsoon winds were able to be charted and figured out it was used to help with trade | 26 | |
| 5758058585 | reincarnation of the atman | Atman was the soul and the soul remains the same in the reincarnation cycle except depending on one's Karma, the soul will take the body of a good individual, like one who makes a large amount of money, or a bad individual, like an animal | 27 | |
| 5758062311 | key beliefs in Buddhism and Hinduism - how are they similar and different? | Buddhism believes that Buddha had received enlightenment | 28 | |
| 5758064023 | Four Noble Truths | 1) life is suffering 2) suffering arises from desire 3) the solution to suffering lies in curbing desire 4) desire can be curbed if a person follows the "Eightfold path" of rights views, aspirations, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and meditation | 29 | |
| 5758066606 | How does Buddhism spread | by the silk road and other trade routes | 30 | |
| 5758070428 | How is the spread of Buddhism similar to the spread of Christianity | both spread greatly through trade routes | 31 | |
| 5758073870 | Bodhisattva | someone who has reached enlightenment already but remains with other help them reach nirvana (enlightenment) as well | 32 | |
| 5758077344 | what do the gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva represent? | Brahma is the creator. Vishnu is the preserver (helps his devotees in times of need), and Shiva is the destroyer | 33 | |
| 5758082877 | Mauryan Empire - Reason for and impact of Emperor Asoka's conversion to Buddhism, what were Asoka's rock/pillar edicts? | 34 | ||
| 5758086421 | Identify specific advancements that led to Gupta Empire Being characterized as at "Golden Age" | 35 | ||
| 5758113231 | Belief systems that emerged during the Warring states period | Confucianism, Daoism, and legalism | 36 | |
| 5758114943 | How do confucians suggest society should be structured? | establish social values, institutions, and transcendent ideals of traditional Chinese society. | 37 | |
| 5758114944 | Tenets of confusion tradition | the sacred past ( Believed that people should study the past in order to know how to behave and be virtuous - emulate the most virtuous), the social code (political relationships are like family relationships), self-improvement (strive to become a virtuous man) | 38 | |
| 5758116849 | Five relationships | Father and son; husband and wife; friend and friend; older brother and younger brother; boss and employee? | 39 | |
| 5758120520 | focus of Daoism | nature | 40 | |
| 5758124194 | How does the Mandate of Heaven influence leadership in China | The mandate of Heaven is given by the gods and using the mandate of heaven, citizens are able to get rid of leader that they think is doing a bad job. If the citizens believe that the leader is doing a bad job they can use the mandate of heaven to get rid of him. | 41 | |
| 5758136939 | What are the stages of the dynastic cycle | (Xia), Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing republic, Mao ze dong | 42 | |
| 5758138855 | bronze and oracle bone of Shang | oracle bones are the shoulder bones of cattle and the bottom shells of turtles employed by the Shang rulers to obtain information from ancestral spirits and gods (writing on oracle bones is what is used to find information on the dynasty) Bronze vessels would be used by the Shang ruling class in order to make contact with their ancestors. | 43 | |
| 5758140611 | how did shi Huangdi of Qin dynasty unify china | made a code of law, standardized weights and measure, a single coinage system, a common writing system, and even a specified axle length for carts | 44 | |
| 5758143221 | what does Shi Huangdi mean? | "First Emperor" | 45 | |
| 5758145300 | Construction products of Shi Huangdi | Great Wall of China | 46 | |
| 5758147991 | contributions/ achievements of the Han Dynasty | governed China for more than four centuries. Created the machinery and ideology of imperial government that would prevail for two millennia, and the Chinese people today today refer to themselves ethnically as "Han" | 47 | |
| 5758152248 | Grand Canal | the 1,100 mile waterway linking the yellow and the Yangzi rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire (used in order to facilitate communication and trade in the south) | 48 | |
| 5758152249 | civil service examinations | established jobs for people; people would study for their whole life, and if they failed they got a bad job, if they passed normal got a government job | 49 | |
| 5758160059 | what was traded and who traded along Silk Road | silk and lucrative trade goods made their way across the silk road. Central, Southern, and Western Asia took part in trade on the Silk Road | 50 | |
| 5758163566 | what government implemented a civil service examination and why | Tang | 51 | |
| 5758163567 | Purpose of the great wall of china | Had an offensive purpose, to take in newly captured territory to which large number of peasants were dispatched and order to begin cultivation. | 52 | |
| 5758165560 | Emperor Wu of the Han | came to the throne as a teenager and began one of the longest and most eventful reigns in the history of the dynasty, according to Sima Qian, Emperor Wu was manipulated by religious charlatans promising him magical powers, immortality, and séances with the dead. Reading his account critically, however, one could also conclude that Wu used religious pageantry to boost his own power. | 53 | |
| 5758168449 | how did Emperor Wu differ from other chinese rulers | He built his military and launched an offensive against the Xiongnu because his approacj had failed since the nomads periodically attacked the northern frontier so the went on the offensive unlike most rulers | 54 | |
| 5758168450 | reason for the fall of the Han Dynasty | Wang Mang took control and implemented major reforms to a ddress serious economic problems and to cement his popularity with the common people, including limiting the size of the estates of the rich and giving the surplus land to landless peasants. A flood caused many deaths and a lot of economic issues after. *continuous military vigilance along the frontier constantly burdened Han finances , nobles and successful merchants controlled hug tracts of land, peasants derived of tax revenues and manpower | 55 | |
| 5758170172 | Legalism | less concerned with questions of the meaning of life, and more concerned with how people behaved. Legalists believed that society needed a system of strict laws and punishments to control people | 56 | |
| 5758170173 | Footbinding | Vietnam; considered a sign of beauty, less likely to work or leave their husband because they had a physical handicap | 57 | |
| 5758194267 | Zoroastrianism | first monotheistic religion (a religion originating in ancient Iran that became the official religion of the Achaemenids. It centered on a single deity, Ahuramazda, who engaged in a struggle with demonic forces before prevailing and restoring a pristine world. it emphasized truth - telling, purity, an reverence for nature.) | 58 | |
| 5758197355 | How did the Persian empire control conquered territories | they would have governors of each specific territory that answered back to whoever was in charge of the Persian empire | 59 | |
| 5758197356 | location of minoan civilization | island of crete in greece | 60 | |
| 5758200914 | reasons greek city-states colonized the Mediterranean | Mediterranean sea was a very large territory for important trade | 61 | |
| 5758205628 | governments of Athens and Sparta (city-states) | athens and sparta were democracy; (athens invented democracy) | 62 | |
| 5758208823 | characteristics/differences between Athens and Sparta | Athens= intellectual, Sparta= warriors | 63 | |
| 5758211256 | Iliad | an epic poem by Homer | 64 | |
| 5758214394 | Who was able to participate in the democracy | free adult males who were purely athenian were those who got to actually participate in the democracy | 65 | |
| 5758216805 | classical philosophers: Socrates, plato, artistotle | Socrates: the philosopher. Plato: represents the first truly generation that gained much knowledge from books and they wrote down their thoughts, plato founded the Academy where young men would go to pursue a higher education. Aristotle: Tutored the king's son then founded the Lyceum, He characterized and collected a vast array of knowledge, laid foundation for many future people | 66 | |
| 5758216806 | Persian Wars -Persian Empire (form of government, significance of Royal road) - Battle formation used by the Greeks -Significance of the battle of marathon; Thermopylae | Persian wars were two Persian attacks on Greece in the early 5th century (Persia had kings as rulers; satrap=Governor, had to split the whole Empire into provinces | 67 | |
| 5758233635 | What was the golden age of Athens? | Athens campaigned and with time it led to many Greek allies to contribute money not military; Athens used money for navy and resources and invented ships, they invented the democratic system; ports became the most important commercial center in the eastern Med. | 68 | |
| 5758235208 | result and impact of the peloponnesian wars | 69 | ||
| 5758237549 | what tactics did Macedonia (philip II) use to conquer Greece | 70 | ||
| 5758260314 | territorial extent of Alexander the great's empire |  | 71 | |
| 5758263355 | how was Alexander's empire divided after his death? | It was divided into three different parts: Seleucid, Ptolemaic, and Antigonid | 72 | |
| 5758263356 | what is hellenistic culture | Spread of Greek culture across Western Asia -new institutions like libraries and universities were created - cultivation of scholarship, science, and art and literature -populations learned Greek language and adopted elements of Greek lifestyle | 73 | |
| 5758265838 | Greek vs. Roman citizenship | 74 | ||
| 5758265850 | government structure of Roman Republic | 75 | ||
| 5758270487 | first converts to Christianity came from what group of people? | Judaism | 76 | |
| 5758270488 | roman engineering feats | 77 | ||
| 5758273685 | what were the two social classes of the Republic | plebeians and patricians | 78 | |
| 5758273686 | significance of the twelve tablets | Roman law; still remains keystones of western legal though | 79 | |
| 5758276096 | how did Rome control conquered territories | 80 | ||
| 5758279240 | why did rome go to war against Carthage? Outcome of Punic wars? | 81 | ||
| 5758284567 | what was the Pax Romana (31 B.C. to A.D. 180) | Literally, "Roman peace," it connoted the stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the lands of the Roman Empire in the first two centuries CE. The movement of people and trade goods along Roman roads and safe seas allowed for the spread of cultural practices, technologies, and religious ideas | 82 | |
| 5758284568 | reason for the spread of Christianity | 83 | ||
| 5758289591 | Augustus as emperor - government, civil law, army, architecture, technology | allied himself with equites to run the roman empire (now including everything except modern Romania and Southern Britain) (equites = managed empire with honesty, consistency and efficiency) | 84 | |
| 5758289592 | edict of Milan | A declaration allowing religious freedom in the Roman Empire; the doctrine of religious tolerance, proclaimed by Constantine in 313, that allowed Christians to practice their religion | 85 | |
| 5758292379 | causes of the fall of the Roman Empire ( A.D. 476) | Rapid expansion and once fixed the assasination of Julius Caesar who helped Roman Empire; most wealth from conquest ended up in hands of the upper class, hard for peasants who lost jobs to find work | 86 | |
| 5758293956 | reason for division of the empire | The schism of christianity and eastern orthodoxy | 87 | |
| 5758293957 | Silk Road | trade route | 88 | |
| 5758296312 | Diolcletian and the 3rd century crisis | Divide of the Roman Empire into Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire | 89 | |
| 5758299327 | Constantine and his connection to the spread of Christianity | 90 | ||
| 5758299328 | legacies of the Roman Empire | archways in buildings, laws are similar to that of roman laws, still use some of roman language | 91 | |
| 5758301094 | Accomplishments of Justinian | He had the idea to reconstitute the geography of the Roman Empire, but the way he did it was through lying and cheating in order to get money | 92 | |
| 5758302621 | Contributions of Theodora | Is the reason why Justinian stayed in his empire instead of fleeing when things got rough; is believed to have been the reason the black plague made its way to empire because she was a "dancer" and married justinian and this was the way god was getting back at them. | 93 | |
| 5758314000 | Significance of the Cyrillic alphabet | writing system that came to be used by Slavic Christians adhering to Orthodoxy ( today se the cyrillic alphabet among the Russians and other slavic peoples of Orthodox Christian faith, and of the Roman alphabet among the Poles, Czechs, and croatians, testifies to this competition ) | 94 | |
| 5758314001 | reasons for decline of Byzantine Empire | Plague, justinian lying to people in order to get money | 95 | |
| 5758319924 | Why was there a Schism (Split between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches in 1054) | 96 | ||
| 5758322402 | Know similarities of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam | all monotheistic; all founded by the same person | 97 | |
| 5758329046 | What do the words Islam, Muslim, Hijra, and Shari'a mean | Islam: Religion expounded by the Prophet Muhammad on the basis of his reception of divine revelations, which were collected after his death into the Quran. In the tradition of Judaism and Christianity, and sharing much of their lore, Islam calls on all people to recognize one creator god - Allah - who rewards or punishes believers after death according to how they led their lives. Muslim: An adherent of the Islamic religion; a person who "submits" (in Arabic, Islam means "submission") to the will of God. Shari'a: the law of Islam | 98 | |
| 5758331562 | What do Muslims believe about Muhammad | they believe that he received the word of God from the Angel Gabriel and that he is God's only prophet | 99 | |
| 5758338829 | Significance of Mecca and the Five Pillars of Islam | Mecca is considered the capital of Islam (Muslims have to make the trip to Mecca at least once in their life time) Five pillars are rules that Muslims must abide by (1 avowal that there is only one god and Muhammad is his messenger 2 prayer five times a day 3 fasting during the lunar month of Ramadan 4 paying alms 5 make the pilgrimage to mecca at least once during one's lifetime) | 100 | |
| 5758346472 | define hijra and caliph | caliph : Successor; Hijra: Muhammad's trip from Mecca to Medina | 101 | |
| 5758346473 | what is contained in the Qur'an | the Word of god as said through Muhammad (considered the direct word of god) | 102 | |
| 5758353526 | what is the difference between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims | Sunnis believe that the next leader should be those that are truly eligible and a good choice for the honor, Shi'ites believe that the leader should be a blood descendant of Muhammad | 103 | |
| 5758360508 | What is Shari'a law | it is the law of islam and provides the foundation of islamic civilization | 104 | |
| 5758367377 | Spread of islam as political and religious empire - caliph, geographical borders of islamic state, attitude toward conquered people (people of the book) | -caliphates (empires) came up and used their power and influence to spread Islam to spread islam - very tolerant to other religions and conquered people - people of the book - Jews and Christians were respected by Muslims | 105 | |
| 5758367378 | Battle of Tours | European armies defeat Muslim armies and stop the spread of Islam in Europe | 106 | |
| 5758370600 | differences between sunnies and Shi'a/Shi'ites | Sunnis believe that the next leader should be those that are truly eligible and a good choice for the honor, Shi'ites believe that the leader should be a blood descendant of Muhammad | 107 | |
| 5758374507 | political, economic and social characteristics of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates | both the first true Muslim empires and Abbasid had a golden age of government and made advances in science and medicine | 108 | |
| 5758374508 | Bantu migrations | when the Bantu tribes went from being in the mid-african area (Bantu people from West Africa spread iron and new farming techniques through much of sub-Saharan Africa and helped foster a distinctive African Culture.) | 109 | |
| 5758377295 | impact of the spread of Islam to West Equatorial Africa- Ghana and Mali | spread the religion throughout the western part of Africa | 110 | |
| 5758379765 | similarities between Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Empires in Africa | all under islamic rule and had a muslim majority?? | 111 | |
| 5758379766 | Mansa Musa | Found trans-saharan trade more beneficial than Ghana; controlled and taxed almost all trade through West Africa; connected to North Africa through huge caravans. Important cities of Mali: Niana (capital), timbuktu, gao,and Jenne. Mali rulers honored islam. Mans must made a pilgrimage to Mecca and brought with him huge caravan of soldiers, attendants, subjects, slaves, and camels carrying gold. Built capital at Timbuktu. Mansa Musa built mosques to honor islam and sent subject to study under muslim scholars (because he threw such large amount of gold at people, the price of gold was greatly dropped) | 112 | |
| 5758379767 | gold-salt trade | Africa had a great abundance of gold and salt and that was what they mainly traded | 113 | |
| 5758381586 | Great Zimbabwe | City, now in ruins (in Modern african country of zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. | 114 | |
| 5758383584 | impact of the spread of islam to the Swahili Coastline | 115 | ||
| 5758386646 | What changes in Europe occurred as a result of the invasion of the Roman Empire by Germanic tribes | 116 | ||
| 5758388537 | Garnish Kingdom - importance of Charlemagne | at Charlemagne's peak power, the Carolingian Empire encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy, with the pope ruling part of the latter.;King of the Franks who conquered much of Western Europe, great patron of leterature and learning. | 117 | |
| 5758388538 | Treaty of Verdun | split the empire into three parts: French - speaking in the west (france) and middle (Burgundy) and german - speaking in the east. Created a brief intellectual revival (even though he was illiterate) | 118 | |
| 5758391613 | what was the investiture controversy? how was it resolved? | it was a dispute between secular and ecclesiastical powers and was resolved by the Concordat of Worms | 119 | |
| 5758393742 | Schism between roman catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy | relations between the popes and princes of the Western Church worsened. In the mid-19th century the patriarchs of Constantinople had challenged the territorial jurisdiction of the popes of Rome and some of the practices of the Latin Church. These arguments worsened over time and in 1045 ultimately caused a formal schism between the latin church and the orthodox church - a break that has been only partially mended. | 120 | |
| 5758393743 | Black Death | black plague; caused many deaths, not everyone that came down with the black plague would die but might experience some mental issues. | 121 | |
| 5758401115 | role of Christian church during medieval period | Because of the split, christians were no longer as strong and were easily taken over by Muslims, the slow process of changing to Islam had begun, this change accentuated the importanc of the patriarchs of Constantinople, the popes in Rome, and the later converting regions of northern and eastern Europe | 122 | |
| 5758401116 | impact of the Viking invasion | attacked and plundered a monastery on the English Coast and would continue to have hundreds of such raids | 123 | |
| 5758403719 | describe structure of feudalism | Kings would give lands to Lords as rewards and they would have workers on each piece of land known as serfs who did all the dirty work while the lords just sat back and watched | 124 | |
| 5758403720 | what was the Code of Chivalry | the code of law the European feudalism had to follow | 125 | |
| 5758406668 | cause of the break of the feudal system/ serfdom | the black plague | 126 | |
| 5758411795 | what is manorialism | the system of manors which were in Medieval Europe, a large, self - sufficient landholding consisting of the lord's residence (manor house), out-buildings, peasant village, and surrounding land | 127 | |
| 5758414730 | causes and major events of the crusades | several social and economic currents of the 11th century contributed to the crusades 1. leaders of the latin church formed Truce of God 2. Ambitious rulers were looking for new lands to conquer 3. italian merchants wanted to increase trade in eastern Mediterranean and acquire trading position in muslim territory. Pope Urban II in 1095 declared the holy war in effort to recapture Palestine and Jerusalem. | 128 | |
| 5758414731 | effects of the crusades | Europeans began to gradually borrow things from Muslim society; Arabic translations of and commentaries on Greek philosophical, scientific, and medieval works, and equally important original works by Arabs and Iranians provided a vital stimulus to European thought; Works of Aristotle and Muslim commentaries on them were of particular importance to the theologians ; Eleanor Aquitaine married Henry of Anjou who inherited England's throne (maintained her own court for a time) (cultural diffusion) | 129 | |
| 5758416688 | Joan of Arc | a woman that led a group of men into battle; was later captured and tortured and died | 130 | |
| 5758419899 | Martin Luther | founded lutheranism; young professor of sacred script, saw Pope Lee's practice of sale of indulgence as corrupt | 131 | |
| 5758421754 | Simony | selling ecclesiastical appointments, often to people who were not members of the clergy | 132 | |
| 5758421755 | Protestant Reformation | Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. It resulted in the "protesters" forming several new Christian denominations, including Lutheran and reform churches and the Church of England | 133 | |
| 5758423133 | John Calvin | Founded calvinism; believed in enduring the simplicities of life. Would display simplicity through dress, life, and worship avoiding ostentatious living and stripping churches of statues, most musical instruments, stained- glass windows, incense and vestments. | 134 | |
| 5758425805 | Henry VIII and the Church of England | King Henry challenged the papacy's authority over the Church of England because he failed to obtain an annulment of his marriage to Catharine of Argon | 135 | |
| 5758427437 | Where did the Renaissance begin | Northern Italy | 136 | |
| 5758429438 | Printing press | allowed for the greater and faster manufacture of books and faster spread of ideas than ever before | 137 | |
| 5758435585 | what were the causes of artistic growth during the Renaissance | the implementation of universities as well as scholasticism (made it so people were questioning the church more than before) as well as humanist ideas (also the invention of the printing press allowed ideas to move faster) | 138 | |
| 5758435586 | Magna Carta | Originally was a guarantee of the baron's feudal rights, it came to be seen as a limit on the monarch's authority over all subjects | 139 | |
| 5758437324 | Characteristics of Chinese diffusion | 140 | ||
| 5758439063 | Japanese feudal hierarchy | Hierarchy similar to that of European feudalism, had a code of conduct known as the Bushido, had warriors known as samurais. had local leaders known as daimyo, women managed their respective households, and the Japanese emperor was actually a figurehead and control rested with the shogun. | 141 | |
| 5758439064 | the Bushido | The code of conduct in Japan | 142 | |
| 5758441604 | similarities and differences to European feudalism | the both had a code of conduct, they both had specific warriors and specific local leaders, in both societies, aristocratic women managed their respective households. In Europe they had a king, but in Japan there was an emperor who was more of a figurehead, control rested with shogun) | 143 | |
| 5758441605 | accomplishments of the sui dynasty | Restored peace and order after the Han dynasty, created the Grand Canal and built many palaces, granaries, and defensive walls | 144 | |
| 5758445368 | polotical, economic and social characteristics of the tang and Sogn dynasties | Jobs were based through civil service exams and the second emperor of the tang dynasty saw himself as a confucian ruler and his successes led to the belief that this period was unusually prosperous and peaceful. He built the impressive capital of Chang'an; the song followed the tang and the emperor started a policy of distrust of military leaders leading to the focus of the civil service examinations | 145 | |
| 5758445369 | achievements of the Tang-song era | advances were made possible as a result of abundant food supples. High- quality porcelain - produced as a result of firing glazes - became utensils and works of art; later diffused to other societies. Metallurgical technologies: Iron and steel were made stronger by using coke, instead of coal, under higher furnace temperatures. military advances: gunpowder (a mixture of charcoal, saltpeter, sulfur, and arsenic) was ultimately used effectively in military battles. Pronging technology: thanks to movable type, texts were produced faster, cheaper, and in greater quantities | 146 | |
| 5758447501 | Who were the Mongols | Nomads who eventually became one of the strongest forces the world had ever seen | 147 | |
| 5758450287 | territorial extent of mongol empire |  | 148 | |
| 5758452529 | Mongol rule in china | Ogedei established the idea of tax farming. Khubilai Khan founded the Yuan Empire of the Mongol Empire, he blended the traditions of Mongols and the Chinese by securing trade routes, exchanging exports between Westerm Eur Asia, transmission of information and ideas and skills, capital of bejing, used some confucian principles in their government , many cities were prosperous and cosmopolitain | 149 | |
| 5758452530 | Khubilai Khan | Last of the Mongol Great Khans and founder of the Yuan Empire | 150 | |
| 5758452531 | policies of Genghis Khan in conquering and ruling empire | could maintain whatever religion or beliefs they had but they had to pay tribute to Genghis Khan | 151 | |
| 5758459710 | compare Mongol rule of the Yuan Dynasty, the Golden Horde and the Il-khanate | 152 | ||
| 5758462625 | lasting impact of Mongol rule | the tribute system and the idea of brutal tactics in order to achieve what they want | 153 | |
| 5758462626 | Chinese maritime innovations | dhows, junks, and treasure ships | 154 | |
| 5758467413 | Ming Dynasty and Zheng He | a very wealthy time period, established the treasure ships to show off all their wealth; Zheng He was a explorer who traveled along with the treasure ships | 155 | |
| 5758476441 | Teotihuacan and Tenochtitlan | capital city for the maya; capital city for the Aztecs | 156 | |
| 5758478803 | Mit'a | system of work; once in awhile, men would have to do jobs that they did not want to do in order to better the community they were living in? | 157 | |
| 5758486238 | Cortes | conquered the aztec | 158 | |
| 5758489210 | Prince Henry the Navigator | Never traveled far from home, but he established many navigation schools and perfected old techniques | 159 | |
| 5758534450 | first to explore overseas | Portugal led the way in overseas exploration | 160 | |
| 5758535873 | motivations for overseas exploration | 1. revival for urban life and trade 2. the unique alliance between merchants and rulers in Europe 3. a Struggle with Islamic powers for dominance of the Mediterranean that mixed religious motives with the desire to trade 4. growing intellectual curiosity about the outside world | 161 | |
| 5758556049 | reasons for exploration possible in the 15th century | it was cheaper and there were still many islands that had still not been discovered | 162 | |
| 5758556050 | caravel | a small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the portuguese and spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic | 163 | |
| 5758558213 | what was the line of Demarcation/treaty of Tordesillas | everything to the east of the line went to Portugal and everything to the west of the line went to spain, when they realized that portugal was getting very little land, they used the treaty of tordesillas to fix the line making Portugal get a larger amount of land than before | 164 | |
| 5758570647 | Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French, and British trading empire | Spanish and Portuguese greatly used sugar when trading, silver a mines were also very abundant in the colonies, stimulated livestock; English and French sold tobacco, indigo, as well as produced some sugar where the climate could handle it | 165 | |
| 5758575571 | how did the reformation and religious wars hinter British and French settlement in the New World | The people that had originally come to the new world from Britain and France were those that were looking for religious freedom so that they would be able to practice the beliefs they want | 166 | |
| 5758579351 | government structure and similarities between Maya, Aztecs, and Incan Empires | had priests as the head of government, greatly believed in the power of their gods | 167 | |
| 5758579352 | unique feature of the Incan Empire | terrace farming, llamas and alpacas | 168 | |
| 5758581815 | function/purpose of llamas and alpacas | they provided meat and wool, they were used for transport of goods which made possible specialized production and trade among people living in different ecological zone and fostered the integration of these zones by chavín and andean states | 169 | |
| 5758587509 | significance of practice of human sacrifice in Aztec Empire | was used to please the gods (believed gods fed off of human blood) | 170 | |
| 5758592005 | ... conquered aztecs; ... conquered Inca | cortes; pizarro | 171 | |
| 5758595429 | goods transferred and significance of columbian exchange | exchanged horses, fruits, corn..... | 172 | |
| 5758601473 | compare the goals of exploration of the Portuguese, Spanish, French, and English | tried to spread religion and obtain gold as well as land for their country. wanted to be richer than the other countries and through exploration, they were able to obtain more goods to trade as well as more money | 173 | |
| 5758603154 | creoles and Mestizos | someone of European descent who was born in the New World; someone of mixed European and Amerindian descent | 174 | |
| 5758609541 | benefit of join stock companies | joint stock companies: A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors, would give higher returns than those provided by banks. | 175 | |
| 5758609542 | theory of mercantilism | European government policies of the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies tot made only with their motherland country. The british system was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system by laws known as the Exclusif | 176 | |
| 5758611309 | heliocentric theory | sun is the center of the universe and planets orbit around it | 177 | |
| 5758615190 | scientific revolution | The intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the 17th century had laid the ground work for modern science | 178 | |
| 5758615191 | galileo and copernicus | Galileo: Built a telescope in order to look at the heavens; Copernicus: Polish monk and mathematician who proposed sun, not the heart, was the center of the universe | 179 | |
| 5758618698 | compare the american colonial empire of the Spanish, portuguese, british and french | Spanish and Portuguese used African slaves because they were cheaper and typically grew sugar, caste system developed for the spanish. British and French typically grew tobacco or other goods and used indentured servants | 180 | |
| 5758620093 | Bartholomeu Dias | led the first expedition to sail around southern tip of africa | 181 | |
| 5758625086 | effect of horses on the Americas | caused people to fight better; then used by amerindians | 182 | |
| 5758630311 | most deadly disease in the Americas | small pox | 183 | |
| 5758630312 | English Civil War | conflict over royal v. parliamentary rights (caused by King Charles arrest of his parliament) | 184 | |
| 5758636781 | Oliver Cromwell | took over once parliament was being used again and King Charles was kicked out | 185 | |
| 5758640253 | Glorious Revolution | ensure England would be a constitutional monarchy (1688) | 186 | |
| 5758645210 | reason for the rise of absolute monarchies | The idea of a centralized government made it so there was more absolute power, because of the Glorious Revolution, the use of Parliament was assured, the need to strengthen the central government | 187 | |
| 5758647301 | compare Elizabeth I, Louis XIV, and Peter the great | they were all absolute monarchs, | 188 | |
| 5758650753 | -silk road -Indian Ocean -Trans saharan -Mediterranean -Trans atlantic | Silk Road: Caravan routes connecting china and the middle East across Central Asia and Iran Indian Ocean: In premodern times, a network of seaports, trade routes and maritime culture linking countries on the rim of the Indian Ocean from Africa to indonesia Trans saharan: Trading network linking North Africa with sub- Saharan Africa across the Sahara Med. : trade route among the area about Rome Trans - Atlantic : trade between the area of what would be similar to that of the columbian exchange | 189 | |
| 5758653514 | Atlantic Slave trad | when colonization began in the americas, many slaves were traded across the atlantic in order to get labor for new plantations in the new world | 190 | |
| 5758655527 | plantation slavery in the New World | sometimes had indentured servants, other times had slaves. Stripped them away from their families in order to have them work. Could work for hours and hours and hours (up to 18 hours) there was little time on plantations for relaxation, on sundays, which was their day off, Slaves would still have to use their time to farm their own provisioning grounds to supplement meager rations, maintain their dwellings, and do other chores, such as washing and mending the rough clothing | 191 | |
| 5758658149 | how did European planters curtain African cultural tradition in the New World | they would end up having to do whatever their master told them to and they would end up following the same beliefs? | 192 | |
| 5758661865 | benefit of Srivijaya Kingdom's location | it is right along the area of the strait of malacca making it an area where good trade occurs so they are able to obtain goods | 193 | |
| 5758662952 | strait of Malacca | links together the indian ocean and the pacific ocean | 194 | |
| 5758662953 | impact of trade on growth of cities | greater trade = larger city | 195 |
