Terms : Hide Images
| 5691570424 | Paleolithic Age | The period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans. | 0 | |
| 5691570425 | Neolithic Age | The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution | 1 | |
| 5691570426 | Megaliths | Structures and complexes of very large stones constructed for ceremonial and religious pur- poses in Neolithic times. | 2 | |
| 5691570427 | Sumerians | The people who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium | 3 | |
| 5691570428 | Semitic | Semitic Family of related languages long spoken across parts of western Asia and northern Africa | 4 | |
| 5691570429 | Ziggurat | A massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown. | 5 | |
| 5691570430 | Ma'at | Egyptian term for the concept of divinely created and maintained order in the universe. | 6 | |
| 5691570431 | Memphis | The capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near the head of the Nile Delta | 7 | |
| 5691570432 | Thebes | Capital city of Egypt and home of the ruling dynasties during the Middle and New Kingdoms | 8 | |
| 5691570433 | Harappa | Site of one of the great cities of the Indus Valley civilization of the third millennium B.C.E. | 9 | |
| 5691570434 | Loess | A fine, light silt deposited by wind and water | 10 | |
| 5691570435 | Shang | The dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have written records | 11 | |
| 5691570436 | Zhou | Thepeopleand dynasty that took over the dominant position in north China from the Shang and created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. | 12 | |
| 5691570437 | Daoism | Chinese school of thought, originating in the Warring States Period with Laozi. | 13 | |
| 5691570438 | Kush | An Egyptian name for Nubia, the region alongside the Nile River south of Egypt | 14 | |
| 5691570439 | Meroe | Capital of a flourishing kingdom in southern Nubia from the fourth century | 15 | |
| 5691570440 | Druids | The class of religious experts who conducted rituals and preserved sacred lore among some ancient Celtic peoples. | 16 | |
| 5691570441 | Chavin | The first major urban civilization in South America | 17 | |
| 5691570442 | Satrap | The governor of a province in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. | 18 | |
| 5691570443 | Persepolis | Acomplexof palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by the Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes in the Persian homeland. | 19 | |
| 5691570444 | Zoraastrianism | A religion originating in ancient Iran that became the official religion of the Achaemenids | 20 | |
| 5691570445 | Polis | The Greek term for a city-state | 21 | |
| 5691570446 | Hoplite | A heavily armored Greek infantryman of the Archaic and Classical periods | 22 | |
| 5691570447 | Tyrant | The term the Greeks used to describe someone who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community. | 23 | |
| 5691570448 | Herodotus | Heir to the technique of historia | 24 | |
| 5691570449 | Pericles | Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transfor- mation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens | 25 | |
| 5691570450 | Trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries | 26 | |
| 5691570451 | Socrates | Athenian philosopher | 27 | |
| 5691570452 | Peloponnesian War | A protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world. | 28 | |
| 5691570453 | Hellenistic Age | Historians' term for the era in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa | 29 | |
| 5691570454 | Ptolomies | TheMacedonian dynasty, descended from one of Alexander the Great's officers, that ruled Egypt for three centuries | 30 | |
| 5691570455 | First Triumvirate | 31 | ||
| 5691570456 | Second Triumvirate | 32 | ||
| 5691570457 | Qin | Apeopleandstatein the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire | 33 | |
| 5691570458 | Shi Huangdi | Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire | 34 | |
| 5691570459 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. | 35 | |
| 5691570460 | Gaozu | The throne name of Liu Bang, one of the rebel leaders who brought down the Qin and founded the Han dynasty in 202 B.C.E. | 36 | |
| 5691570461 | Sima Quian | Chief astrologer for the Han dynasty emperor Wu | 37 | |
| 5691570462 | Gentry | In China, the class of prosperous families, next in wealth below the rural aristocrats, from which the emperors drew their administrative personnel. | 38 | |
| 5691570463 | Vedas | EarlyIndiansacred "knowledge"—the literal meaning of the term—long preserved and communi- cated orally by Brahmin priests and eventually writ- ten down. | 39 | |
| 5691570464 | Varna | literally "color," though the word came to indicate something akin to "class." | 40 | |
| 5691570465 | Molsha | TheHinduconcept of the spirit's "liberation" from the endless cycle of rebirths. | 41 | |
| 5691570466 | Mahayana | Great Vehicle" branch of Bud- dhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia. | 42 | |
| 5691570467 | Theravada | Way of the Elders" branch of Buddhism followed in Sri Lanka and much of Southeast Asia. | 43 | |
| 5691570468 | Ashoka | Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India | 44 | |
| 5691570469 | Fief | In medieval Europe, land granted in return for a sworn oath to provide specified military service. | 45 | |
| 5691570470 | Vassel | In medieval Europe, a sworn supporter of a king or lord committed to rendering specified military service to that king or lord. | 46 | |
| 5691570471 | Investiture Controversy | Dispute between the popes and the Holy Roman Emperors over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands | 47 | |
| 5691570472 | Monasticism | Living in a religious community apart from secular society and adhering to a rule stipulating chastity, obedience, and poverty. | 48 | |
| 5691570473 | Li Shimin | One of the found- ers of the Tang Empire and its second emperor. He led the expansion of the empire into Central Asia | 49 | |
| 5691570474 | Tang Empire | Empire unify- ing China and part of Central Asia, founded 618 and ended 907. | 50 | |
| 5691570475 | Song Empire | Empire in central and southern China while the Liao people controlled the north. | 51 | |
| 5691570476 | Neo-Confucianism | Term used to describe new approaches to understand- ing classic Confucian texts that became the basic ruling philosophy of China from the Song period to the twentieth century. | 52 | |
| 5691570477 | Shamanism | The practice of identifying special individuals (shamans) who will interact with spirits for the benefit of the community. | 53 | |
| 5691570478 | Koryo | Koreankingdom founded in 918 and destroyed by a Mongol invasion in 1259. | 54 | |
| 5691570479 | Fujiwara | Aristocratic family that dominated the Japanese imperial court between the ninth and twelfth centuries. | 55 | |
| 5691570480 | Kamakura Shogunate | The first of Japan's decentralized military governments | 56 | |
| 5691570481 | Champa rice | Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. | 57 | |
| 5691570482 | Srivijaya | A state based on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, between the seventh and eleventh centuries C.E | 58 | |
| 5691570483 | Teotihuacan | A powerful city-state in central Mexico | 59 | |
| 5691570484 | Atepetl | An ethnic state in ancient Mesoamerica, the common political building block of that region. | 60 | |
| 5691570485 | Calpolli | A group of up to a hundred families that served as a social building block of an altepetl in ancient Mesoamerica. | 61 | |
| 5691570486 | Ayllu | Andean lineage group or kin-based community. | 62 | |
| 5691570487 | Mit'a | Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations. | 63 | |
| 5691570488 | Moche | Civilization of north coast of Peru | 64 | |
| 5691570489 | Wari | Andean civilization culturally linked to Tiwanaku, perhaps beginning as a colony of Tiwanaku. | 65 | |
| 5691570490 | Tiwanaka | Name of capital city and empire centered on the region near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia | 66 |
