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AP World History Final Flashcards

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6919252102John CalvinRenaissance political theorist0
6919259712Moveable typeInvention of Johannes Gutenberg1
691926255095 ThesesDocument written by Martin Luther2
6919269416Importance of CopernicusStudied astronomy3
6919273760Importance of KeplerImportant figure of scientific revolution4
6919284910Importance of GalileoStudied planetary motion5
6919291842John LockeEnglish philosopher who valued reason6
6919322600AurangzebLeader of Conquistadors against Aztecs7
6919324243Treaty of ToresillasSeparated land between Spain and Portugal8
6919335661Role of viceroysThe king's agent; normally a high-ranking Spanish noble9
6919346572CreolesSpanish whites born and raised in the New World10
6919350156PeninsularesSpanish whites living in the New World but born in Spain11
6919353385Triangular TradeTrade between Africa, New World, and Europe; slaves went to America for sugar and tobacco to Europe12
6919360011Middle PassageTraumatic slave voyage from Africa and the Americas across the Atlantic Ocean13
6919373626Ivan the TerribleNickname for Ivan IV14
6919380330Role of viziersHead of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after 5th century often more powerful than the sultan15
6919387654Savafid EmpireMuslim empire that ruled Persia16
6919394563AurangzebIndian ruler who tried to purify Islam17
6919394564Indian OceanBody of water that was center of Asian trade18
6919397967American Revolution1775-178319
6919399233French Revolution1789-179920
6919403551Napoleon BonaparteRuler of French Empire at the end of the French Revolution21
6919407635Importance of Louis PasteurStudied microbiology22
6919411556American Civil War1861-186523
6919414608Karl MarxPolicital theorist24
6919419315Albert EinsteinFounded the law of realitivity25
6919424487Monroe DoctrineAmerican declaration stated in 1823 that established any attempt of a European country to colonize in the Americas as an unfriendly act by the United States26
6919444710Triple EntenteRussia, Britain, France27
6919447190Triple AllianceItaly, Germany, Austria-Hungary28
6919450806SepoysIndian troops that served the British East India Company29
6919453215British RajBritish political establishment in India; developed because of a rivalry between France and Britain in India30
6919473507BoersDutch settlers in Southern Africa31
6919478686Toussaint L'ouvertureFormer slave from Haiti32
6919489324Antonio Lopez de Santa AnnaLeader of Mexican Independence33
6919493577Treaty of Guadalupe- HidalgoAgreement that ended the Mexican-American War34
6919505257Panama Canal under U.S. controlThe U.S. paid millions of dollars for the construction of the canal35
6919508956Importance of Suez CanalCreated an easier trade route from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean36
6919512224Opium WarFought between the British and China beginning in 1839; fought to protect British trade in opium and resulted in British victory, opening of Hong Kong as a Britishtrading port37
6919527170Boxer RebellionOutburst aimed at expelling foreigners from China38
6919540141CommunismLenin's political party39
6919543987U.S. came by shipU.S. first opened up trade in Japan40
6919547580Francis FerdinandArchduke of Austria-Hungary that was assassinated to start WW141
6919554019Russian leader before revolutionVladimir Lenin42
6919556621Result of Versailles TreatyEntrance of WW143
6919569260Benito MussoliniFounder of Italian Fascism44
6919570139StalinRussian leader after Lenin45
6919588055Mao ZedongLeader of Chinese communist party46
6919590126Adolf HitlerLeader of National Social Party in Germany47
6919590934HolocaustMass genocide and "Final Solution" to kill the opposition and inferior races off48
6919595453Pearl HarborU.S. entry into WW249
6919596961United NationsReplacement for the League of Nations50
6919605275Yalta AgreementMeeting among leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union in 194551
6919613014ApartheidPolicy of strict racial segregation52
6919632458Cold War countriesUnited States, Soviet Union, and Cuba53
6919635873Iron CurtainPhrase coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division between free and communist societies taking shape in Europe after 194654
6919641605Marshall PlanFinancial aid55
6919648539Berlin Wall constructionBuilt in 1961 to halt the flow of immigration from East Berlin to West Berlin; torn down at end of Cold War in 199156
6919658973Solidarity movementIn Poland57
6919665887Soviet missiles in Western HemisphereLocated in Cuba58
6919669455Cuban Revolution of 1950Fidel Castro took over Cuba59
6919671973Indira GandhiDaughter of Jawaharla Nehru; installed as a figurehead prime minister and central figure in Indian politics60
6919690374Ayatollah KhomeiniReligious ruler of Iran who tried to eliminate western influences and establish a purely Islamic government61
6919698309Saddam HusseinFormer president of Iraq62
6919714757Nelson MandelaFirst black president of South Africa63

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