25602115 | Bronze Age | characterized by the development of metal tools, weapons, etc | 0 | |
25602116 | city-states | the organization of most early civilizations | 1 | |
25602117 | Mesopotamia | between the Tigris and the Euphrates | 2 | |
25602118 | Sumerian | mesopotamian, developed cuneiform, the wheel, and built ziggurats | 3 | |
25602119 | Babylon | mesopotamian, kingdom of Hammurabi | 4 | |
25602120 | Hittites | mesopotamian, learned how to use iron in their weapons | 5 | |
25602121 | Assyrians | mesopotamian, built empire across the river valley; extremely strong army | 6 | |
25602122 | Lydians | came up with concept to use coined money | 7 | |
25602123 | Phoenicians | developed single alphabet instead of cuneiform | 8 | |
25602124 | Egyptian New Kingdom | When Egypt reached its height | 9 | |
25602125 | Indus river valley | major cities were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro | 10 | |
25602126 | Aryans | Introduced the caste system in India | 11 | |
25602127 | Shang | The first chinese dynasty | 12 | |
25602128 | Zhou | known for the mandate of heaven and the bureaucracies | 13 | |
25602129 | Olmec and Chavin | did not develop in river valleys | 14 | |
25602130 | Mauryan | Indian civilization known for its trade and its military | 15 | |
25602131 | Ashoka | converted the Mauryan Empire to buddhism | 16 | |
25602132 | Gupta | sometimes referred to as the golden age of India | 17 | |
25602133 | Qin | started the Great Wall of China, introduced legalism | 18 | |
25602134 | Han | marked the beginning of the civil service examination | 19 | |
25602135 | Athens | political, commercial and cultural center of Greece | 20 | |
25602136 | Sparta | agricultural and militaristic region of Greece | 21 | |
25602137 | Draco and Solon | aristocrats who worked to create the democracy in Athens | 22 | |
25602138 | Persian Wars | forced the Greek city-states to unite against a common enemy | 23 | |
25602139 | Pericles | the ruler who established democracy in Athens | 24 | |
25602140 | Peloponnesian Wars | series of wars between Athens and Sparta | 25 | |
25602141 | Macedonians | invaded and successfully conquered Greece | 26 | |
25602142 | Alexander the Great | widely expanded Macedonian dominancy | 27 | |
25602143 | patricians | land owning noble-man in the Roman Republic | 28 | |
25602144 | plebeians | free men in the Roman Republic | 29 | |
25602145 | Punic Wars | Wars between Rome and Carthage | 30 | |
25602146 | first triumvirate | Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar | 31 | |
25602147 | Constantine | roman emperor who converted to Christianity | 32 | |
25602148 | Edict of Milan | a declaration allowing religious freedom in the Roman Empire | 33 | |
25604915 | Confucianism | developed in China, stresses respect for family obligations | 34 | |
25604916 | Daoism | the way of nature, believed in little government | 35 | |
25604917 | legalism | believed in a centralized, tightly governed states | 36 | |
25606422 | Hinduism | believed in reincarnation | 37 | |
25606423 | Buddhism | follow the four noble truths | 38 | |
25606424 | Theravada | form of buddhism; emphasizes meditation and simplicity | 39 | |
25606425 | Mahayana | more ritualistic form of Buddhism | 40 | |
25606426 | Judaism | first monotheistic faith | 41 | |
25606427 | confession of faith | 1st pillar of Islam | 42 | |
25606428 | prayer five times a day | 2nd pillar of Islam | 43 | |
25606429 | charity | 3rd pillar of Islam | 44 | |
25606430 | fasting | 4th pillar of Islam | 45 | |
25606431 | pilgrimage | 5th pillar of Islam | 46 | |
25606432 | Mecca | holy city of Islam | 47 | |
25606433 | Medina | where Mohammad , town to which Muhammad and his followers fled to escape persecution | 48 | |
25606434 | caliph | head of state, military commander, chief judge, and religious leader | 49 | |
25606435 | theocracy | the form of government of the Islamic empire | 50 | |
25606436 | Umayyad | capital moved to damascus, non-islamic tax, and expansion | 51 | |
25606437 | Shia | succession should be Mohammad's son-in-law | 52 | |
25606438 | Sunnis | succession should be from a wider base | 53 | |
25606439 | Abbasid | golden age of Islam, capital at Baghdad, introduced the idea of credit | 54 | |
25606440 | sufis | islamic mystics and missionaries | 55 | |
25606441 | Middle ages | times between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance | 56 | |
25606442 | Byzantine Empire | eastern Roman empire, used Greek language | 57 | |
25606443 | Justinian | built Hagia Sophia and wrote Justinian code | 58 | |
25608437 | Justinian Code | kept Roman principles alive in the Byzantine empire | 59 | |
25608438 | St.Cyril | converted the slavs to Christianity by developing a Slavic language | 60 | |
25608439 | Clovis | united franks in 5th century | 61 | |
25608440 | Charles Martel | founded the Carolingian Dynasty | 62 | |
25608441 | Charlemagne | French ruler with strong emphasis on arts, education, and religion | 63 | |
25608442 | Treaty of Verdun | divided the Holy Roman Empire | 64 | |
25608443 | Vikings | group of conquering seafarers that were converted to christianity | 65 | |
25608444 | feudalism | social, economic, and political system during the Middle Ages | 66 | |
25608445 | burghers | middle-class merchants in the feudal system | 67 | |
25608446 | hanseatic League | controlled trade throughout much of northern europe | 68 | |
25608447 | Thomas Aquinas | Christian realist who said the faith and reason are not in conflict | 69 | |
25608448 | William the Conqueror | unified England | 70 | |
25608449 | Magna Carta | document signed by King John to prevent a revolution | 71 | |
25608450 | Hundred Years War | war between England and France over the English occupation of French-speaking lands | 72 | |
25608451 | Bourbons | a series of monarchs under which France unified | 73 | |
25608452 | Queen Isabella | united Spain | 74 | |
25608453 | Spanish Inquisition | ended religious toleration in Spain | 75 |
AP World History Flashcards
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