Flashcards for the AP World History test
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| 170444929 | 100 years war | England vs. France. A war over territory-basically, the English trying to hold onto their territory in Northern France, and the French trying to boot them out. France wins. Important because it signaled a beginning of the end of feudal Europe. Knights began to lose prominence on the battlefield. | 0 | |
| 170444930 | 30 years war | War in Europe. Religious conflicts blow up into a political war on the continent | 1 | |
| 170444931 | 7 years war | England vs. France. Conflict over colonies. England wins, France pays huge costs-eventually supports the Americans in our revolution for revenge-further hampers French economy. | 2 | |
| 170444932 | Four Noble Truths | Part of the Buddhist Doctrine: 1. Suffering is part of life 2. Desire is the result of suffering 3. Freedom from suffering can be achieved by the 8 fold path 4. The 8 fold path leads to nirvana | 3 | |
| 170444933 | Empress Wu | Ruled during the Tang Dynasty Expanded Empire Supported Buddhism | 4 | |
| 170444934 | Nineveh | Assyrian Capital | 5 | |
| 170444935 | Assyrians | Defeated the Hittites Learned how to use iron for weaponry Cruel Military superpower | 6 | |
| 170444936 | Greek Politics | City-States known as Polis The 2 main polises were Athens and Sparta | 7 | |
| 170444937 | Greek Democracy | There were three types of people: 1. Citizens 2. Free ppl with no rights 3. slaves Only adult males could participate in the democracy | 8 | |
| 170444938 | Athens | Political, commercial, and cultural center Draco and Solon helped create the democracy | 9 | |
| 170444939 | Slaves in Ancient Greece | Slaves weren't treated like complete crap Slavery actually helped the people create democracy | 10 | |
| 170444940 | Sparta | Agricultural and militaristic women had more freedom and rights military training stressed equality but NOT individuality | 11 | |
| 170444941 | Collapse of Republic | 1st Caesar took over and then Octavius did. The reasons why the republic was failing was because: 1. Too many slaves 2. bad economy 3. leaders fought among themselves | 12 | |
| 170444942 | Punic Wars | Wars between early Rome and Carthage Rome won the wars overall After the Punic Wars Rome began expanding The General for Carthage was Hannibal | 13 | |
| 170444943 | Edict of Milan | Constantine issued the Edict of Milan making Christianity the Empire's religion. | 14 | |
| 170444944 | Pax Romana | 200 years of Roman peace and prosperity | 15 | |
| 170444945 | Roman Politics | There was a senate and assembly and 2 consuls who ran the place. | 16 | |
| 170444946 | Patriarchs | Land owning noblemen | 17 | |
| 170444947 | Plebians | Free men who were not slaves, but didn't own land | 18 | |
| 170444948 | 12 Tables of Rome | The law/code of Rome | 19 | |
| 170444949 | Alexander the Great + Hellenism | Hellenism: A combination of Greek and Roman Culture Alex the Great created Hellenism and started expanding it throughout all of the areas that he was in control of. | 20 | |
| 170444950 | Peloponnesian Wars | Wars between Sparta and Athens. Sparta won but didn't destroy Athens due to respect for Athens. | 21 | |
| 170444951 | Why Athens lost the Peloponnesian Wars | Athens lost due to: Plague + weak navy | 22 | |
| 170444952 | Golden Age of Pericles | Pericles was a ruler in Athens, who encouraged the spread of culture . Athens became a cultural powerhouse and during this time there was : Homer, Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. Occurred after the Persian War | 23 | |
| 170444953 | Persian Wars | Greek City-States got together and held back (but didn't completely defeat) Persia | 24 | |
| 170444954 | Maya | During the time period of the Han, Roman, and Gupta. They had human sacrifice and war for the sole purpose of getting slaves for the human sacrifice. The government was a bunch of city-states under one king. | 25 | |
| 170444955 | Chavin | Early civilization in the Andes that was completely isolated. It was not an RVC | 26 | |
| 170444956 | Foraging Societies (Hunter-Gatherers) | Hunter-gatherers that were at the mercy of nature. Women gather. Men hunt., | 27 | |
| 170444957 | Pastoral Societies | These are nomadic people who herd domesticated animals. | 28 | |
| 170444958 | Egyptian Social Structure | 1. Pharaoh 2. Priests 3. Merchants and Artisans 4. Peasants 5. Slaves | 29 | |
| 170444959 | Olmecs | American isolated civilization in central Mexico. Mastered: irrigation, calender, writing WASN'T AN RVC!!! | 30 | |
| 170444960 | Gupta Empire | Chandra Gupta created this Empire. Collapsed due to huns. Arabic Numerals | 31 | |
| 170444961 | Mauryan Empire | Founded by Chandra Gupta Maurya. Prosperous due to trade and powerful military decline due to economic issues | 32 | |
| 170444962 | Qin Dynasty | Very short. Economy was based on agriculture good army w/ use of iron **created the great wall of china** Extremely centralized and legalist!! | 33 | |
| 170444963 | Han Dynasty | Silk Road trade Buddhism spread Confucian beliefs Started Civil Service Exams Huns attempted to invade, but Wu Ti kicked them out. | 34 | |
| 170444964 | Ashoka Maurya | He was Buddhist, which encouraged the people to convert to Buddhism. He was the emperor when the Mauryan Empire was at its height. | 35 | |
| 170444965 | Neolithic Revolution | Didn't happen all at once it is the revolution where people began settling and farming. | 36 | |
| 170444966 | Food Surplus | Food Surplus = specialization of labor | 37 | |
| 170444967 | Bronze Age | People start using metallurgy to make Bronze weapons and tools. Thank you surplus!! | 38 | |
| 170444968 | River Valley Civilization | People started first making civilizations on river valley's because they needed the water for farming and the soil was rich for farming. Examples: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus, China | 39 | |
| 170444969 | Mesopotamia | First big civilization Between the Tigris and Euphrates | 40 | |
| 170444970 | Jenne-Jeno | First city in Sub-Saharan Africa Bantu Speakers | 41 | |
| 170444971 | Bantu Migrations | Spread Farming Techniques and language in Africa. Went from Sub-Sahara to the South and East | 42 | |
| 170444972 | Zhou Dynasty | Longest dynasty had a bureaucracy started the Mandate of Heaven Ended due to internal fighting and warfare | 43 | |
| 170444973 | Shang China | Huang He River Valley Extremely isolated and thought that they were the most awesome thing ever | 44 | |
| 170444974 | Indus Valley | Extremely advanced cities: Harrapa Mohenjo-Daro | 45 | |
| 170444975 | Khyber Pass | The pass between the Kush mountains where the Indus RVC was able to trade with the Mediterranean for food. | 46 | |
| 170444976 | Women in Egypt | 1st female ruler- Queen Hatsheput Women had a higher status in Egypt than in other societies but they were still viewed as lower to men. | 47 | |
| 170444977 | Three Kingdoms of Egypt | Old, Middle, and New. The New was the most prosperous | 48 | |
| 170444978 | Hebrews | First monotheistic religion | 49 | |
| 170444979 | Phoenicians | Created the greek alphabet | 50 | |
| 170444980 | Lydians | made coins | 51 | |
| 170444981 | Great Royal Road | Persian Road for trading | 52 | |
| 170444982 | Sumerians | They developed cuneiform: first form of writing | 53 | |
| 170444983 | Babylon | overran the Akkad. one of the kings was Hammurabi | 54 | |
| 170444984 | Code of Hammurabi | One of the first law codes shows the social differences | 55 | |
| 170444985 | Ziggurates | Temples | 56 | |
| 170444986 | Persian Empire | Took over Babylon. Created roads for trade and transport (Great Royal Road) | 57 | |
| 170444987 | Hittites | First people to use iron in weaponry | 58 | |
| 170444988 | Collapse of Han China | Overthrown by people due to external and internal problems | 59 | |
| 170444989 | Collapse of the Gupta Empire | Invaded by the white huns | 60 | |
| 170444990 | Collapse of the Roman Empire | External: huns Internal: economy, disease, same old same old The western 1/2 collapsed, but the Eastern 1/2 became the Byzantine Empire | 61 | |
| 170444991 | Similarities Between the Inca and Aztec | Both used innovative techniques to dramatically increase agricultural production | 62 | |
| 170444992 | European Community/Union | Post WW2 Europe wants to compete w/ the USA trade and economy so all of Europe unites together for economic reasons. Eased trade restrictions Stopped being protectionist created the Euro | 63 | |
| 170444993 | 20th Century Consumerism | More advertising | 64 | |
| 170444994 | Colombian Exchange | It is the biological exchange between the Americas and the rest of the world (Eastern + Western Hemisphere). Biological: food (potato) disease (bubonic plague) animals (horse) | 65 | |
| 170444995 | Russian Exploration | Czarist Russia explored N. America, Alaska, and Hawaii in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. | 66 | |
| 170444996 | Sub-Saharan Economy | Exported gold to Europe and the Middle East | 67 | |
| 170444997 | Roman + Abbassid Decline | Growing reliance on mercenary armies | 68 |
