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7260017664artisana worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making things by hand0
7260019117nomada member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.1
7260021468babylonA city in ancient Mesopotamia, famed for its hanging gardens (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) and for the sensual lifestyle of its people. Note: The Jews were taken captive into Babylon in the sixth century b.c2
7260023449hammurabi18th century bc, king of Babylonia; promulgator of one of the earliest known codes of law. Hammurabi in Culture.3
7260024994assyriaAssyria was a major Mesopotamian East Semitic-speaking kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East and the Levant. ... Assyria is named after its original capital, the ancient city of Aššur, which dates to c. 2600 BC, originally one of a number of Akkadian city states in Mesopotamia.4
7260024995kushThe Kushite era of rule in Nubia was established after the Bronze Age collapse and the disintegration of the New Kingdom of Egypt.5
7260028307nubiahe Nubians (Egyptian for 'gold', due to the abundance of this precious metal in their lands), have had an uneasy relationship with the Egyptians over the millennia. At times, they were seen as allies of the Egyptians, while at other times they were seen as the wretched enemies.6
7260042162Indus river valley civilization (harappa)The Indus cities are noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large non-residential buildings. The people of the Indus Civilization achieved great accuracy in measuring length, mass, and time. They were among the first to develop a system of uniform weights and measures. The Indus Valley Civilization is also known as the Harappan Civilization, after Harappa7
7260044503Mohenjo Daroit was one of the largest settlements of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, and one of the world's earliest major urban settlements, contemporaneous with the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Crete8
7260054720cuneiformone of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians9
7260085887sumerSumer was the first urban civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia10
7260092891huang he (yellow river)Chinese refer to the Yellow river as "the Mother River" and "the Cradle of Chinese Civilization". That is because the Yellow River was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilizations in the Xia (2100-1600 BC) and Shang (1600-1046 BC) eras — the most prosperous region in early Chinese history.11
7260109770ideographicsomething that uses a symbol to describe it without a word or sound12
7260110617shang dynastyruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty. earliest dynasty of traditional Chinese history supported by archaeological evidence.13
7260123228Xia dynastyis the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history14
7260148102Mandate of Heavenis a Chinese political and religious doctrine used to justify the rule of the Emperor of China. According to this belief, heaven (天, Tian)—which embodies the natural order and will of the universe—bestows the mandate on a just ruler, the Son of Heaven. If a ruler was overthrown, this was interpreted as an indication that the ruler was unworthy, and had lost the mandate. It was also a common belief that natural disasters such as famine and flood were signs of heaven's displeasure with the ruler, so there would often be revolts following major disasters as citizens saw these as signs that the Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn15
7260150332phoenician1050 BC, a Phoenician alphabet was used for the writing of Phoenician.[5][6] It became one of the most widely used writing systems, spread by Phoenician merchants across the Mediterranean world, where it evolved and was assimilated by many other cultures16
7260157051bureaucracyThe job of a bureaucrat is to implement government policy, to take the laws and decisions made by elected officials and put them into practice. Some bureaucrats implement policy by writing rules and regulations, whereas others administer policies directly to people17
7260179335pastoralismPastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. It is animal husbandry: the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas, and sheep. "Pastoralism" generally has a mobile aspect; moving the herds in search of fresh pasture and water18
7260184843Neolithic RevolutionNeolithic Revolution or Neolithic Demographic Transition, sometimes called the Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement19
7260187010patriarchya system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line.20
7260193877polytheismthe belief in or worship of more than one god21
7260195283monotheisticrelating to or characterized by the belief that there is only one God22
7260196479civilizationsocieties w/ enough economic surplus to form divisons of labor and social hierarchy involving significant inequalities. (emergence of formal politics)23
7260245109land bridge theoryTheories to explain the colonization of the New World—the last great habitable landmass to be occupied by humans—focus on the Bering land bridge, or Beringia, which emerged between Siberia and Alaska during the last ice age.24
7321425364daoto relate to Yin and Yang avoiding excess and appreciating the balance of opposites25
7321425365shi huangdifounder of the Qin dynasty and China's first emperor26
7321425366legalismthe belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled27
7321425367Analects of Confucianismcollection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been compiled and written by Confucius' followers.28
7321425368Silk RoadsThe ancient trade routes that connected Europe with China29
7321425369Alexander the GreatKing of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia30
7321425370sanskritwritten language developed by the Aryans31
7321425371vedasAncient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism.32
7321425372MahabharataPoem that tells the story of a great war33
7321425373ramayanaThe Hindu epic about Prince Rama, defender of good34
7321425374upanishadsIndian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E.35
7321425375indraGod of thunder and lightning/strength36
7321425376Chandragupta Mauryamilitary leader who seized control of the entire northern part of India. first mauryan ruler37
7321425377Mauryan DynastyIn the wake of the death of Alexander the Great in 323 bce, Chandragupta (or Chandragupta ), founder of the , carved out the majority of an that encompassed most of the Indian subcontinent38
7321425378ashokaa ruler of the Mauryan Empire who converted to Buddhism39
7321425379dharmaIn Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties40
7321425380kushanspushed into Central India from the Northwest the greatest kushan kanishka converted to Buddhism but actually hurt this religions popularity in India by associating it with foreign rule41
7321425381Gupta Dynasty(ad 320-500)ruled indias golden age in science, art, and literature42
7321425382kautilyaChandragupta's advisor (chief minister)43
7321425383BrahmanismThe early religious beliefs of the Aryan peoples in India, also the highest caste44
7321425384Rig-VedaThe Rig Veda is a collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns counted among the four Hindu religious texts known as the Vedas. The Rig Veda was likely composed between roughly 1700-1100 BCE, making it one of the oldest texts of any Indo-Iranian language, one of the world's oldest religious texts.45
7321425385gurushindu teachers46
7321425386Vishnuthe brahman, later Hindu, god of sacrifice; widely worshiped. the preserver47
7321425387shivaA Hindu god considered the destroyer of the world.48
7321425388Nirvanaworld beyond existence itself49
7321425389stupasBuddhist shrines50
7329478503monsoonsseasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons crucial for farming51
7329478504Aryanshunting and herding peoples originally from asia52
7330726090shang dynastymonopolize bronze production in the Yellow River Valley53
7330726091Shang Dynastybuilt a powerful military with bronze weapons and chariots54
7330726092Shang Dynastycame into conflict with and replaced by zhou the Dynasty55
7330726093zhou dynastyfirst to claim that heaven had transferred its mandate to their Dynasty56
7330726094zhou dynastycreated a feudal system of government where Lord's received land and return from military service to the king57
7330726095zhou dynastyDynasty spreads from Yellow River down into the Yangtze River now China is called the Middle Kingdom58
7330726096zhou dynastyincreased cultural Unity by Banning Human Sacrifice introducing Mandarin Chinese as a national spoken language in Chopsticks are introduced in order to encourage a code of politeness at meals59
7330726097zhou dynastyiron working is introduced into China60
7330726098zhou dynastyConfucius teaches do unto others as your status and there's dictate61
7330726099zhou dynastyscientists create an accurate 365 and a half day calendar62
7330726100zhou dynastyCivil War erupts into the era of the Warring States63
7330726101qin dynastyshi huangdi brutally seizes power increase China's first strong centralized government64
7330726102qin dynastya series of regional defensive works are joined together to create the beginnings of the Great Wall65
7330726103qin dynastypeasant revolts66
7330726104Han Dynastyspreads into Korea Indo China and Central Asia67
7330726105Han Dynastyusing the Silk Roads China encourages trade with India the Middle East and Rome68
7330726106Han Dynastywu ti rules over peaceful Chinese Empire69
7330726107han dynastyCivil Service examinations for the bureaucracy are established70
7330726108han dynastyencourages practice/worship of confucianism71
7330726109han dynastytechnological innovation is at its height72
7330726110the hunsnomadic pastoralist people who invaded southeastern Europe c. ad 370 and during the next seven decades built up an enormous empire73
7330726111how is patriarchy evident in indiathe great epic stress the control of husband and father they also recognize women's independent contributions Indian culture often featured strong and clever woman and goddesses patriarchy was evident in Indian law and religion74
7330726112with whom/ what did india tradeIndians traded cotton and silk ties drugs gold and Ivory their trade with Southeast Asia included transport in manufactured goods and trappings of Indian culture from the Middle East and Roman Empires they brought back Pottery wine metal slave and gold75
7330726113Buddhism # of followers500 mil76
7330726114name of buddhism dentiynone but some believed buddha to be a god77
7330726115buddhism holy booksutras/ perfection of wisdoms78
7330726116buddhism leadershipmonks and nuns ( gave women a second option)79
7330726117buddhism beliefssuffering is life comes from greed can overcome by following the Eightfold Path they believe in meditation moderation reincarnation and they definitely don't believe in a caste system80
7330726118Hinduism number of followers900 million81
7330726119name of Hinduism deityBrahma the creator of the world82
7330726120founder of Hinduismwe don't know83
7330726121Hinduism holy bookthe four Vedas84
7330726122Hinduism leadershipBrahmin priest and gurus85
7330726123Hinduism Basic Beliefsfollow your Dharma to get good Karma then be reincarnated up to Moksha also Moksha is like the Hinduism term for Nirvana and it's the release of the cycle and to be reincarnated into the universe to be one with the universe86
7330726124Confucianism number of followersunknown87
7330726125Confucianism deitysome people believe that was Confucius but Confucius himself didn't know of an afterlife or if there's gods and he didn't care88
7330726126Confucianism holy bookthe Antics or the five Confucian classics (book of documents)89
7330726127Confucianism leadershipconfusion scholar-gentry carried out social welfare measures, taught in private schools, helped negotiate minor legal disputes, supervised community projects, maintained local law and order, conducted ceremonies, assisted in the government's collection of taxes, and preached moral teachings.90
7330726128Confucianism basic beliefsparent and child equals love and respect husband and wife equals just an obedient older brother and younger brother equals benevolence and reverent Friend and Friend equals equality91
7330726129Shi Huangdiwho concered the warring states92
7330726130shi huangdiuse conscripted peasants to build roads and canals that tied northern and southern China together93
7330726131liu bang (peasant general)founder of han dynasty94
73307261323 submissions (women)submit to father then husband then son95
7330726133ancestor worshiphonoring ancestors through rituals, such as offering food and wine to the dead96
7330726134chang'anwhere Qin Shi Huang of the Qin dynastyheld his imperial court, and constructed his massive mausoleum guarded by the famedTerracotta Army.(capital)97
7330726135patraliputraIts position helped it dominate the riverine trade of theIndo-Gangetic plains duringMagadha's early imperial period. It was a great centre of trade and commerce and attracted merchants and intellectuals98
7330726136hanadvanced in steel weapons paper horse collar water mill compass porcelain99
7330726137hanforced to hire mercenaries who are loyal only to money which also increase the budget crisis government weakness led to nomadic invasions Civil Wars and peasant uprising leading to the fall of the empire100
7330726138the varnas classesfirst there is the Brahman this is the religious aspect then there was the kshatriya and I was supposed to cool like the rulers and Nobles Warriors and there was the vaishya these were the farmers that were land owners also merchants and artisans then there was the sudra and this was the majority of the population that were servants or labors and outside the caste system wore The Untouchables that did the work that no one else wanted to do101
7330726067Dharma (Buddhism)teachings of Buddha102

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