Mrs. Smith's Ch. 21 vocab
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| 52919176 | Ottomans | Turkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkans; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkans that included most of Arab world. | 0 | |
| 52919177 | Mehmed II | also called Mehmed the Conqueror, conquered Constaninople in 1453;destroyed what remained of the Byzantine Empire | 1 | |
| 52919178 | Janissaries | Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkans, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence, particularly after 15th century. | 2 | |
| 52919179 | vizier | Ottoman equivalent of the Abbasid wazir, the chief administrative official. They were the head of the Ottoman bureaucracy. After the fifteenth century they were often more powerful than the sultan. | 3 | |
| 52919180 | Sail al-Din | Early 14th century Sufi mystic; began campaign to purify Islam' first member of the Safavid Emipre | 4 | |
| 52919181 | Red Heads | name given to Safavid followers because of their distinctive red headgear | 5 | |
| 52919182 | Isma'il | Sufi commander who conquered city of Tariz in 1501; first Safavid to be proclaimed shah or emperor | 6 | |
| 52919183 | Chaldiran | site of battle between Safavids and Ottomans in 1514; Safavids severely defeated by Ottomans; checked western advance of Safavid Empire. | 7 | |
| 52919184 | Abbas the Great | Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent; created slave regiments based on captured Russians, who monopolized firearms within Safavid armies; incorporated Western military technology. | 8 | |
| 52919185 | imams | According to Shi'ism, rulers who could trace descent from Ali. | 9 | |
| 52919186 | Mullahs | Local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid Empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'ism | 10 | |
| 52919187 | Isfahan | Safavid capital under Abbas the Great; planned citylaid out according to shah's plan;example of Safavid architecture. | 11 | |
| 52919188 | Nadir Khan Afshar | soldier-adventurer following the fall of the Safavid dynasty in 1722; proclaimed himself shah in 1736; established short-lived dynasty in reduced kingdom | 12 | |
| 52919189 | Babur | founder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; first led invasion of India in 1526; died in 1530. | 13 | |
| 52950754 | Humayan | son and successor of Babur; expelled from India in 1540, but restored Mughal rule by 1556; died shortly after | 14 | |
| 52950755 | Akbar | son and successor of Humayan; oversaw building of military and administrative systems that became typical of Mughal rule in India; pursued policy of cooperation with Hindu princes; attempted to create new religion to bind Muslim and Hindu populations of India | 15 | |
| 52950756 | Din-i-Ilahi | religion that was hindu and muslim bend;failed soon after;founded by Akbar | 16 | |
| 52950757 | Taj Mahal | Most famous of the Mughal monuments in Mughal India built by Shah Jahan that blended central Asian architecture and a little Hindu architecture;Mumtaz Mahal | 17 | |
| 52950758 | Nur Jahan | wife of Jahangir; amassed power in court and created faction of male relatives who dominated Mughal Empire during later years of Jahangir's reign | 18 | |
| 52950759 | Marattas | western Indian peoples who rebelled against Mughal control early in the 18th century | 19 | |
| 52950760 | Sikhs | sect in northwestern India; early leaders tried to bridge differences between Hindu and Muslim, but Mughal persecution led to an anti-Muslim feeling | 20 | |
| 52950761 | Mumtaz Mahal | wife of Shah Jahan; took an active political role in Mughal court; entombed in Taj Mahal | 21 |
