Ch. 1-6
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| 7554849836 | China- class stratification | 1. An elite of officials (selected administrators; scholars) 2. Landlords (people that held land) 3. Peasants (viewed as the 'backbone') 4. Merchants (not favorable) | 0 | |
| 7554849837 | Varna theory- caste system | The idea that society is divided in 4 classes 1. Brahmins (priests) 2. Kshatriya (rulers and warriors) 3. Vaisya (commoners) 4. Sudras (servants) | 1 | |
| 7554849838 | Persian government influence | An imperial system from the Babylonian and Assyrian empires but surpassed them in size and splendor. | 2 | |
| 7554849839 | Christianity in Rome- date | Early fourth century C.E | 3 | |
| 7554849840 | Buddhism against Hindu belief | Buddhism 1. Had a founder 2. Reflects Hindu traditions 3. Against Hindu rituals and sacrifices (seen as irrelevant) 4. Ignored the caste 5. Missionary religion Hindu 1. Vedas and upanishads 2. Rebirth/ reincarnation 3. Women seen as 'unclean' | 4 | |
| 7554849841 | The 2 expressions of Buddhism | Mahayana (great vehicle): help is available for strenuous voyage Theravada (teaching of the elders): intense self-effort for enlightenment | 5 | |
| 7554849842 | Influence of Zoroastrianism | First monotheistic religion (founded in Persia). One unique god and a force of evil. Gained support in Persia and some parts in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Anatolia but never an active missionary religion. Sooner vanished from place of origin. Christianity and Islam adopted some of its core beliefs. | 6 | |
| 7554849843 | First Christian kingdom- state religion | Christianity adopted by the Axum Empire (located in the 'horn of Africa'). Conversion took place around the same time Constantine also converted. | 7 | |
| 7554849844 | Beliefs that appealed to the lower class | Buddhism and Christianity | 8 | |
| 7554849845 | Forms of government- Greek and Rome | Democracy: ruled by popular vote Monarchy: one person with absolute power Republic: authority given to a patrician assembly | 9 | |
| 7554849846 | India- difficulty in empire building | No centralized gov. Initially (political fragmentation). Mauryan empire: 1st of 2. Political structure equivalent to others (not as long-lasting however). Policies did not preserve its empire Gupta empire: art, lit., science, math, etc. large Indian commerce (this empire came much later and didn't last as long) | 10 | |
| 7554849847 | Legalism | a Chinese philosophy that stressed the importance of laws | 11 | |
| 7554849848 | Principles of Confucianism | Not laws, but that superiors should set a moral example that can restore social harmony (6-5 century) | 12 | |
| 7554849849 | Principles of Daoism | Withdrawal into the world of nature and encourage behavior that was spontaneous, individualistic, and natural. (6-3 century BCE) | 13 | |
| 7554849850 | Axum- language and writing | A commerce language is Ge'ez. Agaw-speaking people It's written language was on a smaller scale with the 2nd wave civ | 14 | |
| 7554849851 | Niger valley- growth | People came for more accessible water. Jenne-jeno houses 40,000 at its high point | 15 | |
| 7554849852 | Teotihuacán- key relevance | 10,000 sq Mel's of a core region was administered from the city itself, seen in performing diplomatic relationships, and had vast armies that showed opposition to Maya | 16 | |
| 7554849853 | Sumer | Regarded with the worlds first written language (first used for economics) | 17 | |
| 7554849854 | Epic of Gilgamesh | An epic poem from Mesopotamia, and among the earliest known works of literary writing. | 18 | |
| 7554849855 | Leadership of Solon | Credited for having laid the foundations of Athenian democracy | 19 | |
| 7554849856 | first empire | Akkadian Empire (or the Babylonian empire) | 20 | |
| 7554849857 | Mesopotamian Cities | Babylon, Ninevah, Lagash, Nippur, Ur | 21 | |
| 7554849858 | How the early cities were developed | They were developed/ organized near river like the Nike or the Ganges | 22 | |
| 7554849859 | Inca- artifacts | Monumental ceremonial structures, ritual calendar. And hieroglyphic writing | 23 | |
| 7554849860 | Zhou Dynasty- political | Politics ideology known as the son of heaven, meaning that the monarch served as an intermediary between heaven and earth as long as he governed with benevolence and maintained social harmony. | 24 | |
| 7554849861 | Trung sisters | Leaders in a failed revolt for Vietnam from Chinese rule | 25 | |
| 7554849862 | Greeks- defeat of Persia and after | The defeat of Persia unified the Greeks under one rule (Alexander the great) and it continued to grow after the defeat of Persia. It's culture become diverse throughout the region | 26 | |
| 7554849863 | Spartan- gender roles | Council of Elders (28 men over the age of 60) Slaves were conquered people | 27 | |
| 7554849864 | The spread of Greek culture- regions | Persia (Assyria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia) Egypt Parthia Bactria Gedrosia Sogdriana India Syria | 28 | |
| 7554849865 | Naval power- Rome & Carthage | A series of Punic Wars (Rome winning all) extended Rome's mighty naval power in the Mediterranean | 29 | |
| 7554849866 | Kushan empire conflict with who- geography | Located Central Asia (interacted with all others) | 30 | |
| 7554849867 | Rome- geography | Located Mediterranean, on a peninsula. This gave them oceanic trade advantage | 31 | |
| 7554849868 | Keeping power- china and Rome | Both empires had the same a unified religion, practiced traditions, and assimilated their people so that opposition was almost nonexistent | 32 | |
| 7554849869 | Spread of empire- china and Rome | Both empires had goals to encompass the world with their influence. They did it through force and religion | 33 | |
| 7554849870 | China empire building- compared to Rome | Not creating something g new, but restoring something old (dif. In how to make an empire) The Qin dynasty unified the warring states of China together under a monarchy rule like the romans. | 34 | |
| 7554849871 | Qin state- agriculture | Rapidly increased of the growing population | 35 | |
| 7554849872 | Aboriginal people of Australia | Created a way of gathering and hunting that was used up to modern times. Had a complex outlook on the world (called dreamtime) | 36 | |
| 7554849873 | Moche- date | 100-800 CE | 37 | |
| 7554849874 | The Bhakti movement | Intense adoration and identification with a particular deity through songs, prayers, and rituals | 38 | |
| 7554849875 | Greek intellectual tradition | Gods of mount Olympus Physical reality governed by natural laws | 39 |
