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AP World History Flashcards

Okay guys this is all of everything, with some overlap on terms. Y'all gotta thank Nythia and Annie.

Terms : Hide Images
8492953887AbrahamFather of Judaism0
8492953888HatshepsutFirst female Egyptian pharoah1
8492953889AryansEarly Indian migrants who mixed/fought with the Dravidians2
8492953890DravidiansEarly Indian inhabitants who fought and intermarried with the Aryans3
8492953891OlmecFirst Mesoamerican civilization who practiced human sacrifice. Their descendants were the Mayans and the Aztecs.4
8492953892PhoeniciansShipbuilding society that created the first alphabet5
8492953893BantusAfrican migrators that influenced African languages and migrated throughout Africa, settling especially in West Africa6
8492953894CyrusFirst Persian Ruler7
8492953895DariusBest/strongest Persian Ruler8
8492953896XerxesThird Achaemenid Persian ruler who couldn't completely unify Persia because of internal crises and external threats.9
8492953897ConfuciusFounder of Confucianism10
8492953898LaoziFounder of Daoism11
8492953899Han FeiziChinese legalist12
8492953900XongnuCentral Asian nomads who policed the Silk Roads13
8492953901Ashoka MauryaMauryan leader who started out as a conqueror then turned to Buddhism after witnessing death. He put Buddhist edicts on pillars and allowed the movements of missionaries.14
8492953902Chandra GuptaGupta emperor (Hindu)15
8492953903Siddhartha GautamaThe Buddha. He witnessed suffering, then meditated under a tree until he figured out that life was suffering, and the key to stop suffering was to stop desiring.16
8492953904PericlesImportant Athenian leader who ordered the building of the Parthenon17
8492953905Alexander the GreatMacedonian conqueror who took over the Achaemenid Persian empire.18
8492953906Socrates, Plato, Aristotle3 Greek philosophers. Aristotle was very scientific as well.19
8492953907Julius CaesarRoman leader who attempted (failing, though) to make the Roman republic into an empire because of its uncontrollable size.20
8492953908Augustus CaesarFirst Roman emperor who transformed the republic into an empire.21
8492953909Jesus ChristFounder of Christianity, believed to have been crucified by the Roman empire.22
8492953910Paul of TarsusSpreader of Christianity. He went to many places throughout Europe to preach the word of the Christian God.23
8492953911ConstantineChristian emperor of Rome who established Christianity within Rome and founded the city of Constantinople.24
8492953912DiocletianRoman emperor who dealt with the uncontrollable size of Rome by setting up co emperors to rule Rome and keep it unified.25
8492953913MuhammadThe great Islamic prophet, who received dreams from Allah and preached them.26
8492953914Mansa MusaWealthiest man who ever lived. He was a Mali emperor. On his hajj to Mecca he gave out so much gold that he ended up causing hyperinflation.27
8492953915Temujin, Chinggis Khan, Genghis KhanMongol conqueror who created the largest empire in the world, spanning from Eastern Europe to China.28
8492953916Marco PoloItalian traveler who served in Kublai Khan's court.29
8492953917Ibn BattutaIslamic traveler who served in government positions to preach about Islam in places that didn't have that much Islamic influence.30
8492953918Mehmed IIOttoman conqueror who took over Byzantium and renamed Constantinople Istanbul.31
8492953919JustinianByzantine ruler who codified Roman law for the first time.32
8492953920TheodoraJustinian's wife, who was extremely intelligent.33
8492953921CharlemagneRuler of the Carolingian empire, the one unifying empire during the Middle Ages.34
8492953922St. Thomas AquinasEstablished the study of scholasticism and how to answer questions and debates.35
8492953923Pope Urban IICalled for the first Crusade.36
8492953924ToltecsMesoamerican society, ancestors of the Aztecs.37
8492953925AztecsMesoamerican society who settled in Mexico, descendants of the Maya. They established their capital in modern Mexico City.38
8492953926MontezumaRuler of the Aztec empire during its contact with Europe.39
8492953927PetrarchFather of humanism40
8492953928BoccaccioPoet from Italy who wrote about merchants41
8492953929Johannes GutenbergPrinting press42
8492953930Machiavelli"Better to be feared than loved."43
8492953931ErasmusHumanist who saw problems with the Catholic Church44
8492953932Luther/Calvin95 theses; CRC45
8492953933Aristocracyupper class have power46
8492953934barbarianprimitive, uses violence for most things47
8492953935brahminsHindu priestly class48
8492953936Civilizations/advanced societiesSociety with specific culture/way of life49
8492953937Complex institutionsSpecialization of trade50
8492953938dharmaHindu belief of strictly obeying laws, basis of Buddhism, cosmic order51
8492953939Diversified food supplyvariety of food52
8492953940dynastic cyclerise and fall of Chinese dynasties53
8492953941egalitarianwomen have more rights/say54
8492953942ethical/legal codeswritten law codes (Hammurabi)55
8492953943irrigation systemsartificial application of water to the soil56
8492953944karmaactions decide on fate after death, whether you'll be reborn, and what will happen when you're reborn57
8492953945pastoral/pastoralismraising livestock for food58
8492953946record keepingnotes about activities/events59
8492953947secularget rid of stuff without religion60
8492953948settled populationspeople who were settled based on agriculture61
8492953949syncretismreligions and cultures coexist62
8492953950theocracyGod ruling (emperors as "gods")63
8492953951Ancestor venerationrespect of ancestors64
8492953952caste systemintense social hierarchy of India65
8492953953daothe way of nature (China)66
8492953954diasporapeople settle far from their homeland67
8492953955hellenisticera after Alexander the Great conquered Greece68
8492953956manifestationsclinical effects/signs of disease69
8492953957rajasterm for hindu kings70
8492953958republicpeople vote for leaders71
8492953959sanskrit scripturesrevealed part of Hindu religion72
8492953960ShamanismMeditation between visible & spirit world through shamans73
8492953961social harmonySocietal accord in Confucianism74
8492953962BushidoJapanese samurai code of honor75
8492953963fiefsestate of land owned through feudalism76
8492953964gentryscholarly class in China, got land for being gov't officials77
8492953965Grand Canalbuilt during the Sui Dynasty, sped up travel/commerce78
8492953966GuildsGroups of craftsmen/merchants79
8492953967Kow towtouching forehead to ground as a sign of submission80
8492953968Manorialismagricultural economy of Middle Ages81
8492953969QuipuIncan mnemonic device to record events82
8492953970SurfsWorked on lords' land for protection83
8492953971ShariaIslamic holy law of both Quran and other things84
8492953972ShiaMuslim minority85
8492953973SouthernizationSpread of Asian beliefs86
8492953974Swahilicity-state society in E. Africa, active in trade87
8492953975tax farmingtaxes on agriculture88
8492953976synthesizedbringing together different elements89
8492953977Agricultural RevolutionThe transition from hunting and gathering to settled agriculture90
8492953978AristocracyA government or state ruled by the wealthy and elites91
8492953979BarbarianAn uncivilized, savage, primitive person92
8492953980BrahminsHighest, priestly level of the Indian caste system93
8492953981Cities(vs. Villages)A large important center (a village is a smaller community, usually with less importance)94
8492953982Civilizationsan advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached.95
8492953983BureaucracyGovernment with many different levels of administration96
8492953984Complex institutionsa Societies specialization of labor and ruling hierarchy.97
8492953985CurrencyA medium of exchange;money98
8492953986deityA divine character;a god or godess99
8492953987democracya form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents100
8492953988Dharmaconformity to religious law, custom, duty, or one's own quality or character.101
8492953989DiffusionSpreading out of culture, goods, and Ideas102
8492953990Diversified food supplyA large selection of different foods103
8492953991Domesticated Animalsturning of wild animals into tame animals. Domesticated animals were used for food, hide, and farm work104
8492953992Dynastic CycleCHinese theory that every dynasty goes through a culture cycle. Every ruler of the Dynasty that unites China has the Mandate of Heaven105
8492953993EgalitarianThe belief that all people are created equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities106
8492953994Ethical/Legal CodesA system of principles governing morality and acceptable conduct107
8492953995FrontierA border seperating two countries108
8492953996Hunter/GatherersA person who persuses and kills for food or gathers fruits and berries109
8492953997Ice AgeA global episode during a past geological period in which the Earth went through a cooling period110
8492953998Irrigation SystemsAn artificial application of water to the soil111
8492953999KarmaThe sum of a persons actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as their deciding fate112
8492954000Mandate Of HeavenA Chinese way of legitimizing power. Claimed that the gods called on them to rule113
8492954001monogamymarriage to only one partner at a time114
8492954002paganA person holding religious beliefs different than those of the main world115
8492954003PastoralismThe raiding and domesticating of cattle and other animals116
8492954004PatriarchyMen at the head117
8492954005Polygamymarriage to more than one partner at a time118
8492954006record keepingThe act of keeping detailed noted about activities and events119
8492954007Secularnot religious based120
8492954008Settled populationnon nomadic people who stay in their area121
8492954009slaveryUnpaid, forced labor122
8492954010Specialization of Laborthe learned skill of a certain job123
8492954011SurplusA large amount of something, often morethan needed124
8492954012SyncretismThe adjusting or adaptaion of different religions, schools of thought, or cultures125
8492954013textilesclothing/cloth126
8492954014theocracyreligion-based government127
8492954015Ancestor VenerationLove and respect for deceased ancestors. Very important in East Asia128
8492954016Caste systemA social class structure determined by birth. Mostly prominent in India. Indian Caste Order: 1. Brahmins 2.kshatriyas 3.Vaishyas 4.Sudras 5. Untouchables129
8492954017Classicalthe era from 600 BCE to 600 CE. Mostly centered on the Mediteranean reigon ( Greece and Rome). Marked by the founding of Islam130
8492954018Codificationthe arranging of laws or rules in accordance to a certain system or plan131
8492954019DaoismA religion focused with living in harmony with the dao ( way). Pretty much like the hippies of the classical era132
8492954020Diasporathe movement, migration, or scattering of a people away from an established or ancestral homeland133
8492954021Filial Pietyreverence for parents considered in Chinese ethics the prime virtue and the basis of all right human relations134
8492954022HellenisticGreek history and culture after the rule of Alexander the Great135
8492954023Manifestationspublic demonstration of power and purpose136
8492954024MerchantsPeople who traded goods on different trade routes137
8492954025MissionariesPeople who traveled in order to spread their religion and attract converts.138
8492954026Monarchyundivided rule or absolute sovereignty by a single person139
8492954027Monasterya house for persons under religious vows; especially : an establishment for monks140
8492954028Monsoon WindsSeasonal WInd of the Indian Ocean. blows from Southweest in the Summer and northeast in the winter. Merchants used the monsoon winds todirect them in their trade141
8492954029Rajasan Indian philosiphical guidline stating that Rajas is innate tendency or quality that drives motion, energy and activity. Sometimes reffered to as passion142
8492954030ReincarnationRebirth into another being or object after death143
8492954031Republica government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing according to law144
8492954032Ritualsa cultural or religious cermemony withsome significance145
8492954033Sanskrit ScripturesMain scriptures are the Vedas and the Upanishads. Religious texts written in the early indian writing system of sanskrit146
8492954034Scripturesreligious texts147
8492954035ShamanismA religion revolving around unseen gods, demons, and spirits. The mongols were originally Shamans148
8492954036Social Harmonyneigboring civilizations, or just one civilization in a time of peace and cooperation149
8492954037Universal truthsSomething that is true for all people under all circumstances150
8492954038Black DeathThe bubonic plauge, killed many people and left a desvestating effect in Europe. Most likey spread form the Mongols through the Silk Road151
8492954039ChivalryA code of honor to be followed by medieval knights in Europe. Emphasised respect to women and being a good christian. Widely followed by many European men, even those who werent knights152
8492954040CaliphateThe rule or reign of a muslim ruler. Umayyad---> Abbasid153
8492954041ChristendomThe worldwide community of christians154
8492954042Civil service exama standardized test based on confucian principles155
8492954043Crusadesfailed attmepts by the Christians to take back the Holy land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims156
8492954044Dar al-IslamAl muslim practicing countries157
8492954045Diffusionthe spread of cultural elements from one area or group of people to others by contact158
8492954046Feudalisma system of political organization (as in Europe during the Middle Ages) in which a vassal served a lord and received protection and land in return159
8492954047Gentrya class whose members are entitled to bear a coat of arms though not of noble rank160
8492954048Grand Canal in ChinaBuilt by the Tang Dynasty. Popular method of interregional trade in China161
8492954049Great Warming Period800-1300 CE. Warming period had greatest effects in Europe162
8492954050Guildsgroups of people ( seperate from the government) that were formed to protect adn preserve the rights if the members163
8492954051Hajjpilgrimage to Mecca164
8492954052KhanA Mongol ruler of a Khanate ( sector of the Mongol rule)165
8492954053Little Ice AgeThe Little Ice Age was a period of cooling that occurred after the Medieval Warm Period. Caused famine in Europe due to colder temperatures166
8492954054ManoralismThe system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on their land and on their lord.167
8492954055Neoconfucianisma movement in religious philosophy derived from Confucianism in China as a response to the ideas of Taoism and Buddhism.168
8492954056Nobilitythe group of people belonging to the noble class in a country, especially those with a hereditary or honorary title.169
8492954057PapacyThe pope having highest authority over a kingdom ( even higher than the king)170
8492954058Quipuan ancient Inca device for recording information, consisting of variously colored threads knotted in different ways.171
8492954059Samuraia member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan172
8492954060Serfsan agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.173
8492954061ShariaA code of laws based on the Islamic principles of the Quran and otherholy texts174
8492954062Shiaone of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad's first true successor.175
8492954063SouthernizationNe ideas formed in Southern Asia and later spread to other areas, which then underwent a process of change.176
8492954064Sufia Muslim ascetic and mystic.177
8492954065SultanRuler of a Sultanate, often muslim178
8492954066Sunnione of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, and differing from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna and in its acceptance of the first three caliphs.179
8492954067SwahiliA language formed as the bantu people migrated to the East Coast of Africa and mixed with Muslim merchants who spoke Arabic180
8492954068Tax farmingthe principle of assigning the responsibility for tax revenue collection to private citizens or groups.181
8492954069Terracesmake or form (sloping land) into a number of level flat areas resembling a series of steps182
8492954070Synthesizedcombine a number of things into a coherent whole.183
8492954071Tributary SystemsA more powerful kingdom let it's neighbors rule in their own way so long as a tribute was payed to the kingdom184

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