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AP World History Flashcards

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14484738405JudiasmThe first monotheistic religion - guided by the Hebrew Bible called the Torah.0
14484736882HinduismA religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms1
14484739504BuddhismA religion based on the teachings of the Buddha.2
14484739902ChristianityA monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.3
14484740418IslamA religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.4
14484740815DemocracyA political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them5
14484741971OligarchyA government ruled by a few powerful people6
14484744210Autocracy/MonarchyRule by a single individual with absolute/unlimited power7
14484744895Autocracy/DictatorshipAll power held by a single person and the people have no voice or vote in government8
14484745431CommunismA theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.9
14484745957SocialismA system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.10
14484746640market economyEconomic decisions are made by individuals or the open market.11
14484746986mixed economyan economic system combining private and public enterprise.12
14484747562command economyAn economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.13
14484748200Caste SystemA Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life14
14484748886estate systema politically based system of stratification characterized by limited social mobility15
14484749264ApartheidLaws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.16
14484749836class systemA social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence social mobility.17
14484750366Meritocracya system in which promotion is based on individual ability or achievement18
14484751505classless systemNo classes used in society-everyone is equal in status. Attempted in the Soviet Union.19
14484752033compassnavigational instrument for finding directions20
14484752405RefrigerationKeeps food from spoiling quickly and also helps to feed larger numbers of people.21
14484752902Printing Press15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information which in turn affected the speed of the spread of information itself.22
14484753965plumbingthe system of pipes, tanks, fittings, and other apparatus required for the water supply, heating, and sanitation in a building.23
14484754819medicineAny drug used to cure, prevent, or treat illness or discomfort24
14484756034enginesA machine that uses energy to run other machines.25
14484757321Communication TechniquesThings like the telephone or the electric telegraph which made communication between people or a greater distance easier.26
14484759740electricityA form of energy used in telegraphy from the 1840s on and for lighting, industrial motors, and railroads beginning in the 1880s.27

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