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AP World History: Foundations (8000 BCE- 600 BCE) Flashcards

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435209616PaleolithicThe period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans. (Predates the Neolithic Period)
435209617ZigguratA massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks. It's associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities (Function unknown)
435209618PyramidLarge, triangular stone monument used s a burial place for the king. (Egypt/Nubia)
435209619MonotheismBelief in one god
435209620TyrantSomeone who held power in violation of normal procedures and traditions of community (Greek)
435209621VedasEarly Indian "knowledge" that was preserved and passed down orally by Brahmin priests, but eventually was written down
435209622Mandate of HeavenChinese political/religious ideology (Zhou); Granted power to the ruler of China; Prerogative of Heaven
435209623Neolithic RevolutionThe period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolutions
435209624Silk RoadCaravan routes connecting China and the Middle East across Central Asia and Iran.
435209625CultureSocially transmitted patterns of action and expression
435209626CivilizationAmbiguous term used to denote complex societies; Also used to describe any group of people sharing a set of cultural traits
435209627CuneiformSystem of writing created by Sumerians in Mesopotamia; Uses wedge-shaped symbols for words and syllables
435209628HieroglyphicsSystem of writing created by Egyptians that uses pictorial symbols to represent sounds, syllables, or concepts
435209629PolytheismBelief in multiple gods
435209630KarmaIndian belief that a person's actions in their present lives will determine their place in the next life
435209631Oral TraditionsCultural traditions that are passed down orally from person to person (sometimes in stories)
435209632Stone AgeHistorical period characterized by by the production of tools from stone and other nonmetallic substances
435209633City-stateSmall independent state with an urban center and surrounding agricultural territory (Mesopotamia, Phoenicia, Greece)
435209634PharaohCentral figure in the ancient Egyptian State; Believed to be an early manifestation of the gods
435209635MummyBody preserved by chemical processes, in the belief that the deceased will need it in the afterlife
435209636PolisGreek term for a city-state
438860880CEChristian Era: Time beginning with the birth of Christ
438860881BCEBefore the Common Era; Used to describe the years before they year 1
438860882Cultural DiffusionThe spread of a culture or cultural trait from one society to another
438860883MigrationThe movement of animals or people from one place to another
438860884EvolutionThe gradual change of living things over time
438860885Great Ice AgeGeological era of a long-term decline in the temperature of the Earth's surface which resulted in new species
438860886NomadA person who continuously migrates with no permanent dwelling
438860887BarbarianA member of a community not belonging to a civilization
438860888ReincarnationThe rebirth of a soul in another body
438860889Absolute LocationThe exact location of a place on the Earth
438860890Relative LocationThe location of a place relative to that of another
438860891NeolithicThe latest part of the Stone Age in the Middle East
438860892AustralopithecineEarly hominid group; Human ancestor; Lucy the Monkey
438860893MesolithicMiddle part of the Stone Age
438860894BipedalismStanding and walking on two feet
438860895PrehistoryThe times before recorded history
438860896PatriarchySociety in which the male is the head of the family; Descent based on male lineage
438860897HominidPrimate of a family that includes humans and fossilized ancestors
438860898MonarchyAutocracy governed by hereditary right
438860899Nomadic PastoralismForm of agriculture is herded seasonally
438860900Caste SystemSocial structure in which classes are determined by heredity
438860901Khyber PassMountain pass that links Pakistan and Afghanistan
438860902HinduismReligion native to India; Based on a caste system and characterized by reincarnation and Karma; Polytheistic; Based on human reasoning
438860903JudaismMonotheistic religion; Based on the teachings of the Torah; Founded by Abraham; Several denominations; No belief in the Christ; Ethnic religion; Origins in Israel
438860904BuddhismSiddhartha Gautama; Based on the path of enlightenment, morals, and actions; Worship the Buddha; Universalizing
438860905ChristianityUniversalizing religion; Monotheistic; Based off the teachings of Jesus Christ, the Bible, and the 10 commandments; Several denominations; Origins in Israel
438860906IslamUniversalizing religion; Monotheistic; Based off the Qu'ran and the prophet Muhammad; Belief in the Allah; Fasting during Ramadan; Pray 5 times a day; Voyage to Mecca; Origins in Israel
438860907Hellenism...
438860908ZoroastrianismMonotheistic; Founded by Zoroaster in ancient Iran; Believes in Ahura Mazda; Pray several times a day; Holy Book of Avesta;

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