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| 14633867651 | Mandate of Heaven | a political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source | 0 | |
| 14633867652 | hammurabi | Amorite ruler of Babylon (r. 1792-1750 B.C.E.). He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia and is best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases. | 1 | |
| 14633867653 | River Valley Civilizations | a type of civilization that developed near or around a major river and considered the earliest known large human civilizations | 2 | |
| 14633867654 | Caste System | A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life | 3 | |
| 14633867655 | Silk Road | An ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi) and linking China with the Roman Empire. Marco Polo followed the route on his journey to Cathay. | 4 | |
| 14633867656 | sand roads | A term used to describe the routes of the trans-Sahara trade in Africa. | 5 | |
| 14633867657 | Indian Ocean Trade Route | linked East Asia with Arabian Peninsula and Africa; traded gold, spices, and slaves; spread Islam and Buddhism; sea trade | 6 | |
| 14633867658 | Classical Civilizations | large civilizations with massive size and political strength, complex cultures, numerous and qualitative written records, complex long distance trade, increased contacts with other people, and more direct influence on modern civilization; in the Mediterranean, the Indian subcontinent, and East Asia. | 7 | |
| 14633867659 | disseminate | to scatter or spread widely | 8 | |
| 14633867660 | egalitarian | promoting equal rights for all people | 9 | |
| 14633867661 | Theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders | 10 | |
| 14633867662 | Roman Empire | Existed from 27 BCE to about 400 CE. Conquiered entire Mediterranean coast and most of Europe. Ruled by an emperor. Eventually oversaw the rise and spread of Christianity. | 11 | |
| 14633867663 | Gupta Empire | (320-550 CE) The decentralized empire that emerged after the Mauryan Empire, and whose founder is Chandra Gupta. | 12 | |
| 14633867664 | subsequent | Coming after or later | 13 | |
| 14633867665 | Persian Empire | Mesopotamian empire that conquered the existing Median, Lydian, and Babylonian empires, as well as Egypt and many others. Also known as the Achaemenid Empire. | 14 | |
| 14633867666 | city-state | A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland. | 15 | |
| 14633867667 | Mayan Empire | 2500 BC to 900 AD. Located in southeastern Mexico. Had independent city-states that were unified by culture, religion and trade. Had religious rulers who had cerimonies and made sacrifices to the gods. Charted planets, moon and sun and developed calendar). Economy based on agriculture and trade. | 16 | |
| 14633867668 | Han Empire | A great empire started by Liu Bang in 202 BC, which held Confucianism, censorates in provinces, civil service exams, and expansion; due to land taxes and population increase, aristocracy took over, and soon the empire decayed, and ended in 220 CE, due to wars, power struggles, and peasant revolts | 17 | |
| 14633867669 | Phoenician Empire | located along the Mediterranean coast (Lebanon), good sailors, created an alphabet | 18 | |
| 14633867670 | Mauryan Empire | (321-185 BCE) This was the first centralized empire of India whose founder was Chandragupta Maurya. | 19 |
