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AP WORLD HISTORY GLOSSARY Flashcards

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6957641910acculturationadoption of host country's customs by immigrants0
6957645960acheh sultanate*Muslim kingdom near Sumatra *main Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia *collapsed after Dutch captured Malacca from Portugal after 16411
6957652301AdenPort city in modern Yemen, major trading port since ancient times2
6957656971African National Congress*dedicated to establishing equal rights for black South Africans *Was banned for several years, but managed to help gain majority rule in South Africa3
6957665324Emilio Aguinaldo*leader of Filipino Independence Movement *captured by US army in 19014
6957671907Akbar I*sultan of Mughal Empire *aimed to pursue a policy of conciliation w Hindus5
6957678458Akhenaten*built new capital at Amarna *fostered new style of naturalistic art *religious revolutions by imposing worship of sun-disk *Armarna letters preserve official correspondence between subjects and neighbors6
6957694155Salavador Allende*elected president of Chile in 1970 *overthrown in 1973 *socialist7
6957697591All-India Muslim League*founded in 1906 *defended interest of India's Muslim minority *demanded separate state for Muslims in 1940s8
6957706675Muhammad Ali Jinnahleader of all-india muslim league9
6957709431amuletsmall charm meant to protect from bearer of evil; common in egypt and mesopotamia10
6957714382amur riverRiver valley contested by China and Russia in the Treaty of Nerchinsk11
6957735042arawakAmerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time of Columbus12
6957745177richard arkwrightEnglish inventor and entrepreneur who became wealthy for textile manufacturing during the industrial revolution -invented the water frame, machine that,13
6958809708Lazaro Cardenos*president of mexico 1934-1940 *distributed millions of acres of land to peasants *nationalized oil industry *brought in representatives for farmers and workers14
6958834478Caste War*1847 *rebellion of Maya people against Mexico *Nearly returned Yucatan peninsula to maya rule *some rebel retreated to territories until 190115
6958844722Chang'an*City in Wei Valley *Capital of Han/Qin dynasties *imitated by cities/towns that sprung up in Han era16
6958852276chartered companiesgroups of private investors who paid annual fees to France/Egypt for monopolies in West Indes17
6958861769Chiang Kai-Shek*suceeded Sun Yixan as leader of Kuomintang *headed Chinese govt *fought against Communists and Japanese invaders18
6958878977clipper shipLarge, fast, streamlining ships built in mid-late 1800s19
6958885943Confederation of 1867Negotiated union of formerly separated provinces of Ontario, Nova Scotia,Quebec, and New Brunswick. Seen as beginning of Canadian nation20
6958895890Council of Indiessupervised Spanish America from 1524 to early 18th century21
6958903754Crystal Palace*1851 *Hyde Park *Symbol of industrial era22
6958908266daimyoJapanese warlords and landowners who employed samurai from 8th-19th centuries23
6958911193daoism*Laozi *Believe the world is changing and devoid of absolute meaning *accept world as they find it, don't engage in futile struggles, and don't fight against "dao," or the path of nature24
6958919079decembrist revolt*1825 *Attempt by russian officers to take control of russia after Alexander I's death *unsuccessful25
6958940191deng xiaopangCommunist leader after Mao Zedong's death26
6958941771dhowships of small to moderate size used in Western Mediterranean27
6958947311Blaise Diagne*Senegalese *1st African elected to French National Assembly *Helped recruit Africans into French army in exchange for citizenship in wwi *fought to end forced labor28
6958961009Bartolomeu Diasfirst to sail around tip of Africa into Indian Ocean29
6958964815Dirty War*Argentina *against leftist groups *Illegal imprisonment, torture, and executions by military *1970s+80s30
6958972329division of labor*breaks down a craft into several small jobs *increased productivity of labor *decreased cost of manufacturing31
6958976684durbar*elaborate display of political power and wealth in British India *imitated Mughal empire32
6958983155El Alamein*site of victory by Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery (Brit) over Erwin Rommel (Ger; "Desert Fox") in 1942-4333
6958993098electric telegraph*used for long-distance communication *replaced visual signals like semaphores34
6959003844equitesprosperous landowners in ancient italy second in terms of wealth and political power. emperors allied w them35
6959012316european community*1967 *promoted economic unity in Europe *replaced by EU in 199336
6959017357faisal i*leader of Arab revolt during wwi *British made him king in 192137
6959021396fascist party*1900s italy *promoted aggressive nationalism *Mussolini used it to become a dictator38
6959026721fiefland granted to a lord by a king in exchange for loyalty39
6959028440first templetemple built in Jerusalem by King Solomon40
6959033602free-trade imperialism*economic dominance of a weaker state by a stronger country *weaker state is still legally independent *41
6975375003funanearly complex society in 1-6th centuries CE rich bc of rice growth controlled Malaysian passage of trade42
6975383463gentry*class of prosperous families in Han China *made the govt more efficient *only under rural aristocracy43
6975394624gold coastarea in west africa formerly occupied by the ghanian empire44
6975399134golden hordemongol khanate founded by Batu adopted Turkic language and Islam based in southern russia45
6975408244gothic cathedrals*flying buttresses *large, stained glass windows *tall vaults and spires *pointed arches46
6975417252great zimbabwe*modern zimbabwe *trading center *now in ruins47
6975428448hausatrading and agricultural people of sudan, remained independent until sokoto caliphate48
6975434437herodotusgreek historian who wrote about the persian wars49
6975439382miguel hidalgo y costillaMexican priest who led 1st stage of Mexican independence war in 1810. Later executed50
6975451086Hidden Imamlineage that shi'ites consider to be the true caliphs51
6975458206Holy Roman Empire*10th to 19th centuries *loose federation of German states *headed by emperor elected by princes52
6975465515house of burgessescolonial assembly in Virginia created in 161853
6975470621ibn battutaMoroccan scholar, traveled from China to Spain to western Sudan, likely the most traveled person of his time54
6975475559il-khana secondary khan based in persia founded by Hulegu based at Tabriz controlled Iraq and Iran55
6975482699import-substitution industrialization*economic system where a country's economy is based on trade *was popular in s. america during mid-1900s but could not be sustained56
6975491718indian civil servicebody of govt that controlled British India; originally educated British men, but gradually allowed educated Indians57
6975495591Indian Ocean Maritime Systemtrade routes along indian ocean from africa to indonesia before modern era58
6975548628hipolito irigoyenargentine president first elected by universal male suffrage first reformer, but became conservative59

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