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AP World History Glossary Flashcards

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10792083498AkkadianLanguage of the ancient kingdom of Akkad, it became the lingua franca of the bronza age world0
10792083499ChavinEarly Andean civilization1
10792083500civilizationChanges when agriculture started2
10792083501cultural diffusionspread of ideas and material culture, especially if these occur independently of population movement3
10792083502CuniformFirs form of writing, from ancient Mesopotamia4
10792083503Domestication of plants and animalsFarming system where animals are taken to different locations in order to find fresh pastures5
10792083504Egyptthe civilization of the Lower Nile Valley, between the First Cataract and the mouths of the Nile Delta, from circa BC until the conquest of Alexander the Great in BC As a civilization based on irrigation, it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire6
10792083505Egyptian Book of the Deadcommon name for the ancient Egyptian funerary texts Constituted a collection of spells, charms, passwords, numbers and magical formulas for use by the deceased in the afterlife, describing many of the basic tenets of Egyptian mythology They were intended to guide the dead through the various trials that they would encounter before reaching the underworld Knowledge of the appropriate spells was considered essential to achieving happiness after death7
10792083506ethnocentrismto look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture8
10792083507Examples of hominidsAustrolopithecus, homo habilis, homo erectus, homo sapiens9
10792083508family units, clans, tribesA group of people sharing common ancestry10
10792083509Fertile Crescenta region in the Middle East incorporating present-day Israel, West Bank, and Lebanon and parts of Jordan, Syria, Iraq and south-eastern Turkey11
10792083510foragingLooking for food12
10792083511gender division of laborLabor divided between man and woman, hunting and gathering etc13
10792083512GilgameshGilgamesh became a legendary protagonist in the Epic of Gilgamesh14
10792083513Hammurabis Law CodeFirst set of defined laws within a civilization15
10792083514hieroglyphicssystem of writing used by the Ancient Egyptians, using a combination of logographic, syllabic, and alphabetic elements16
10792083515HittiteBronze Age Empire that consolidated farming communities. Notable for the development of iron working17
10792083516Ice AgePeriod of time where Earth was covered partly in ice18
10792083517independent inventionCreative innovations of new solutions to old and new problems19
10792083518Indus valley civilizationan ancient civilization thriving along the Indus River and the Ghaggar-Hakra river in what is now Pakistan and western India The Indus Valley Civilization is also sometimes referred to as the Harappan Civilization of the Indus Valley, in reference to its first excavated city of Harappa20
10792083519irrigation systemsreplacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops21
10792083520Mandate of HeavenThe Mandate of Heaven is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that tiān (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule basedon their ability to govern well and fairly. According to this belief, heaven bestows its mandate to a just ruler, the Son of Heaven.22
10792083521matrilinealSystem in which one belongs to mothers lineage23
10792083522metallurgy and metalworkingthe physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements and their mixtures, which are called alloys craft and practice of working with metals to create parts or structures24
10792083523migratory farmersFarmers that migrate instead of settling after using up the land25
10792083524Minoan and Mycenaean.Bronze age Greek civilizations26
10792083525Neolithic EraNew Stone Age27
10792083526Neolithic RevolutionFarming uses; start of agriculture28
10792083527nomadic hunters/gatherersMove place to place according to environment; adapts to environment29
10792083528nomadic pastoralismSlash-and-burn; once land is depleted, moved on to let soil recover30
10792083529OlmecEarly Mesoamerican civilization31
10792083530Paleolithic EraOld Stone Age32
10792083531partrilineal/patrilocalLive with husbands family Traced through fathers lineage33
10792083532pharaohEgyptian king34
10792083533PolytheisticReligions which have numerous gods35
10792083534prehistory vs historyPrehistory no written documents; History: written proof of history36
10792083535pyramidstombs for egyptian kings37
10792083536sedentary agricultureDomestication of plants and animals38
10792083537shifting cultivationprocess by which people take an area of land to use for agriculture, only to abandon it a short time later39
10792083538slash-and-burn agricultureTrees cut down, plots made for agriculture40
10792083539specialization of laborspecialisation of co-operative labour in specific, circumscribed tasks and roles, intended to increase efficiency of output41
10792083540SumarianMesopotamian civilisation, notable as the first to create writing42
10792083541the Hittites and iron weaponsFirst to work iron, first to enter Iron Age controlled central Anatolia, north-western Syria down to Ugarit, and Mesopotamia down to Babylon, lasted from roughly BC to about BC After BC, the Hittite polity disintegrated into several independent city-states, some of which survived as late as around BC43
10792083542ZigguratImpressive religious structures from Mesopotamia44

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