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| 5257282220 | myron | most famous greek sculptor most famous work is the discus thrower | 0 | |
| 5257289383 | phidias | famous greek sculptor created statues of Athena in Athens created famous statue of Zeus at the Temple of Olympia | 1 | |
| 5257306897 | pythagoras | mathematician created pythagorean theorem | 2 | |
| 5257315393 | euclid | developed geometry wrote Elements, a geometry textbook | 3 | |
| 5257328584 | archimedes | mathematician and scientist calculated value of pi developed principle of the lever | 4 | |
| 5257337789 | hipparchus | mathematician first to make use of trigonometry | 5 | |
| 5257346732 | democritus | scientist believed all matter is composed of moving atoms - small particles that he thought could not be divided | 6 | |
| 5257358398 | eratosthenes | scientist calculated the diameter of the earth | 7 | |
| 5257364429 | aristarchus | stated that the earth and other planets move around the sun | 8 | |
| 5257367593 | herodotus | historian "father of history" wrote a history of the Persian Wars | 9 | |
| 5257376702 | thucydides | historian famous for History of the Peloponnesian War | 10 | |
| 5257391335 | hippocrates | founder of medicine taught that all diseases come from natural causes, not as punishments from the gods | 11 | |
| 5276566755 | philosopher | "lover of wisdom" | 12 | |
| 5276570446 | socrates | first of the three great philosophers trained sculptor; gave up job to become a teacher taught people to think for themselves and ask questions became controversial; said to have corrupted the children and sentenced to death didn't write down any of his teachings (students did) | 13 | |
| 5276888550 | plato | second of the three great philosophers socrates' greatest student wrote down socrates' teachings wrote in dialogue wrote The Republic: dialogue between socrates describes the perfect government: aristocracy US constitution based on aristocracy created a school: The Academy | 14 | |
| 5276943950 | aristotle | third of the three great philosophers plato's greatest student taught alexander the great created a school: Lyceum (rival of The Academy) | 15 | |
| 5276963957 | democracy | "people power" | 16 | |
| 5276973982 | 4 steps to democracy | 1) draco: treat everyone fairly, code of laws, harsh rule 2) solon: cancel the poor's debt, no slavery bc of debt 3) pisistratus: provide land and jobs for the poor 4)cleisthenes: everyone could participate in making and enforcing laws | 17 | |
| 5277033156 | zeus | chief god | 18 | |
| 5277035177 | hera | wife of zeus | 19 | |
| 5277039402 | poseidon | god of the sea | 20 | |
| 5277044311 | apollo | god of the sun | 21 | |
| 5277046374 | ares | god of war | 22 | |
| 5277047863 | athena | goddess of wisdom and art | 23 | |
| 5277052562 | aphrodite | goddess of love and beauty | 24 | |
| 5277055963 | dionysus | god of hospitality and joy | 25 | |
| 5277059256 | artemis | goddess of the hunt | 26 | |
| 5277073789 | hermes | messenger of the gods | 27 | |
| 5277094162 | hephaestus | god of fire | 28 | |
| 5277094163 | hades | god of the underworld | 29 | |
| 5277097952 | demeter | goddess of agriculture | 30 | |
| 5277100506 | hestia | goddess of home and family | 31 | |
| 5277105652 | muses | daughter of zeus | 32 | |
| 5277124549 | doric |  | 33 | |
| 5277128456 | ionic |  | 34 | |
| 5277131178 | corinthian |  | 35 | |
| 5277144465 | effect of mountains and valleys | isolate the greeks from each other different cultures developed greece could not unite; therefore city-states developed | 36 | |
| 5277163380 | effect of rocky and infertile soil | only 20% of land is arable trade was very important bc they couldn't supply for themsleves | 37 | |
| 5277175642 | effect of jagged coastline and rocky shore | sea trade (people were outgoing) few natural resources -had to be creative in trade bc they had no food or natural resources to trade with no large, flooding river | 38 | |
| 5277196922 | effect of moderate climate | spring all year! greeks lived/were outside often they were alert and active democracy began olympics developed | 39 | |
| 5277211874 | first people of greece | came from the balkans primitive used stone tools and weapons found crete (advanced civilization) | 40 | |
| 5277221052 | crete | used copper tools and weapons powerful navy (island) monarchy people: minoans | 41 | |
| 5277239238 | arthur j evans | archaeologist excavated crete | 42 | |
| 5277245587 | minoan age 3000-1400 BCE | ruled by king minos capital city: Knossos mother of greek civilization bull was a religious animal crazy stories: story of thebes ended bc of a volcanic eruption in the med. sea | 43 | |
| 5282386665 | minoan writting | linear a: original minoan writing linear b: combined with greek; has been translated | 44 | |
| 5282400065 | mycenaean age | after the destruction of the minoan civ, peloponnesus became dominant region mycenaeans est. colonies on crete cyprus sailed into the black sea thru hellespont straits | 45 | |
| 5282443058 | hellespont straits | had to pass thru to get to black sea promised riches troy est. on hellespont straits trojan war over helen/money and trade (greeks won) | 46 | |
| 5282464083 | greece was _______ | ethnocentric | 47 | |
| 5282465875 | dorians | invaded greece war-like, primitive from balkans conquered mycenaeans w/ better tech greece entered dark ages | 48 | |
| 5282522921 | city-state | polis | 49 | |
| 5282531387 | all city-staes | small size small population original fort (acropolis) public meeting place | 50 | |
| 5282539477 | homeric age | greek city-states all had monarchies period where HOMER wrote the iliad and odyssey gov changed to aristocracy | 51 | |
| 5282584803 | factors that united greece | religion language identification (hellas) olympics | 52 | |
| 5282600262 | athens | settled by civilized mycenaeans didn't go thru dark age didn't get invaded by dorians trade (sea) was v important but they weren't near the coast -had a port city: piraeus | 53 | |
| 5282622861 | athens' 3 social groups | 1) citizens (born in athens) 2) metics (moved to athens, non citizens but paid taxes) 3) slaves (came from athens) sold into slavery bc of - debt, crime, prisoner of war | 54 | |
| 5282659872 | arete | live life to the fullest | 55 | |
| 5282662076 | hubris | arrogant disregard for moral laws | 56 | |
| 5282673364 | agamemnon | tragedy written by aeschylus | 57 | |
| 5282679002 | oedipus the tyrant | tragedy written by sophocles | 58 | |
| 5282681487 | medea | tragedy written by euripides | 59 | |
| 5282691884 | congress women and the clouds | comedies written by aristophanes | 60 | |
| 5296917505 | sparta | great army gold banned ate together both boys and girls were strong and healthy couldn't travel ephoras ruled sparta totalitarian government | 61 | |
| 5296928518 | sparta's 3 social classes | 1) citizens (spartans) 2)neighbor (non citizens) 3)slaves (helots) -more helots than spartans -> fear of revolt | 62 | |
| 5296938455 | ephoras | overseers ruled sparta harsh old men | 63 | |
| 5296939924 | life in sparta | age 7 - taken to live in army camps - trained in warfare, survival, and spartan virtues - harsh life age 20 - automatically joined army - serve til 60 age 30 - had to be married | 64 | |
| 5296951119 | spartan virtue | "come home carrying your shield or on your shield" win or die (said by mothers) | 65 | |
| 5296959408 | persian wars | cyrus of persia conquered greek colonies in asia minor greeks from mainland got angry and told the greeks on colonies to revolt they did darius (persian ruler) crushed the rebellion and seeked revenge on mainland greeks by invasion failed first time due to storms in N aegean sea 2nd time land above athens thru S aegean sea athens feels threatened and gathers army and warns sparta BATTLE OF MARATHON BATTLE OF SALAMIS BATTLE OF PLATAEA greece won! | 66 | |
| 5296990154 | battle of marathon | athens vs persians (spartans didn't show up) athenian general miltiades commands to fight ATHENS WON philippides ran to athens (26.2 miles) - died when he got there and yelled "nike!" which means we won | 67 | |
| 5297392333 | battle of salamis | greeks vs persians (xerxes) greeks had better ships = galley persian ships sank ATHENS won | 68 | |
| 5297405146 | battle of plataea | remaining persian army defeated bny greeks | 69 |
