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| 5081220660 | Homer | -According to tradition, Homer wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey -Scholars know now that people recited both poems before Homer lived -Some convince he was not a real man but a name used for people who wanted to be anonymous -Others believed that a man named Homer had a part in preparing versions of the poems | 0 | |
| 5081220661 | Iliad | -Greek perspective on war -Greek warriors against the city of Troy in Anatolia during the 12th century BCE | 1 | |
| 5081220662 | Odyssey | -recounted the experiences of the Greek hero Odysseus as he sailed home after the Trojan war -Odyssey and Iliad testify the frequency and normality of travel, communication, and interaction in the Mediterranean Basin | 2 | |
| 5081220663 | Differences from Classical Societies | -Greeks lived in independent, autonomous city-states -After late third century BCE prominent roles in large, centralized empire established by neighbors in Macedon | 3 | |
| 5081220664 | Minon Society | -Named after Minos, legendary king of ancient Crete -Knossos-enormous palace depicting Minoans at work/play -*Palace officials created script known as Linear A -Written symbols stood for syllables -Used the script to keep detailed records of economic and commercial matters -Archaeologists have discovered pottery vessels used for Minoan wine and olive oil -After 1700 BCE many natural disasters destroyed Minon traditions | 4 | |
| 5081220665 | Mycenaean Society | -Adapted Minon Linear A with own language Linear B -After 1450 BCE they also built stone fortesses/palaces -From 1500 to 1100 BCE- expanded influence beyond Greece -Established settlements in Anatolia, Sicily, and South Italy -1200 BCE- Mycenaeans engaged in conflict with Troy in Anatolia -Caused fall of Mycenaean society | 5 | |
| 5081220666 | Polis | -Citadel or fortified site that offered refuge for local communities during times of war or emergency -Attracted increasing populations, many became lively commercial centers -Levied taxes and appropriated a portion of agricultural surplus to support urban population -By about 800 BCE many poleis had become bustling cities -Took various political forms | 6 | |
| 5081220667 | Sparta | -Fertile land of Peloponnesus -Military society -Helots-servants of spartan society -Could not leave land -Lived austere lives -Men and women trained for military | 7 | |
| 5081220668 | Athenian Society | -Government based on democratic principals -Free male adults were allowed to be citizens -Aristocrat solon allowed aristocrats to keep their land and prevented debts -Encouraged participation in government | 8 | |
| 5081220669 | Greek Colonizations | -Population pressures forced greeks to find resources in neighboring areas -Did not build centralized imperial state | 9 | |
| 5081220670 | Persian Wars | -Began with Cyrus and Darius in Anatolia -Greek cities on coast revolted against Achaemenid | 10 | |
| 5081220671 | Delian League | -Alliance between city states of Greece -Meant to protect from Persian invasions -Athens became leader because of fleet | 11 | |
| 5081220672 | Peloponnesian War | -Tensions in Delian league- Civil war -431-404 BCE -Supporters of Athens and supporters of Sparta -Sparta was victor | 12 | |
| 5081220673 | Kingdom of Macedon | -North of Greece -Made up of cultivators and sheepherders -Clans controlled political affairs -From the 7th century BCE Greek cities traded with Macedon -Political and social elites who controlled trade become well acquainted with Greek merchants | 13 | |
| 5081220674 | Alexander of Macedon | -Son of Philip -Brilliant strategist and leader *Troops refused to expand farther once they reached India -Assembled an army of about 37,000 men to invade the Persian Empire | 14 | |
| 5081220675 | Philip of Macedon | -359-336 BCE -Strong Military - Took over clans -Wanted to take over Greece and Persia | 15 | |
| 5081220676 | Hellenistic Empires | -Spans after Alexander's death to 31 BCE -Rome takes over _Three Regions -Ptolemaic -Selecid -Antigonid | 16 | |
| 5081220677 | Spartan Society | -All spartans were equal in status -Did not wear jewelry or elaborate clothes, or pamper themselves -Did not circulate coins made of precious metals but instead used iron bars -Boys left house at age of 7 to live in military barracks -At age 20 they began active military, continued until retirement -By 14th century BCE Aristocratic families began gaining wealth | 17 | |
| 5081220678 | Pericles | -Transformed Athens into democratic state -Most popular Athenian leader from 443 BCE until death in 429 BCE -Hundreds of office holder from the common classes -Supported building programs that provided employment for thousands of construction workers and laborers -Athens became most sophisticated of the poleis | 18 | |
| 5081220679 | Greek Colonization | -Between mid-eighth and late sixth centuries BCE they founded more than four hundred colonies along the shore of the Mediterranean and Black Sea -Sicily and Southern Italy | 19 |
