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| 4428112824 | Nebuchadnezzar | 605-562 BC, king of Babylon, 597 BC - besieges Judah and sets Zedekiah on throne, conquers Judah/Jerusalem in 586 BC, destroys Jerusalem and Temple, exiles elites. | 0 | |
| 4428112825 | Ramses II | "The Great" Powerful leader who ruled from 1279-1213 B.C. Waged war against the Hittites, held Egyptian empire intact and constructed many temples and monuments. | 1 | |
| 4428112826 | Queen Hatshepsut | (ruled c. 1503-1482 BC) Egyptian queen, she worked to increase trade with places outside of Egypt and ordered many impressive monuments and temples built during her reign. | 2 | |
| 4428112827 | Chandragupta Maurya | (322 - 298 BCE) Ruler of a small Ganges Valley state who defeated the Greeks in the area and made himself king in 322 BCE. He then created and enlarged the Mauryan Empire. | 3 | |
| 4428112828 | Siddhartha Guatama | A prince who founded Buddhism(ca. 566 B.C.E- 486 B.C.E). | 4 | |
| 4428112829 | Chandra Gupta the Great | The ruler who revived the Mauryan Empire under the Gupta Empire. Ruled from 375 to 415 CE. | 5 | |
| 4428112830 | Shi Huangdi | -first emperor of China, overthrew Zhou, Legalism, built Great Wall and tomb with the Tera-cotta Army, policies were too harsh, uniform code of law, transportation routes created, banned Confucian teachings. (221-210 BCE). | 6 | |
| 4428112831 | Wu Ti | Han "Warrior Emperor" who greatly expanded the empire (140-87 BCE); promoted peace; supported Confucianism; established first civil service examinations in the world; furthered the Chinese government bureaucracy. | 7 | |
| 4428112832 | Darius | 521-486 B.C.E., added new Persian province, conquered Thrace in Europe, invaded Greek mainland, divided government into 20 provinces, made Persia into largest empire at the time. | 8 | |
| 4428112833 | Cyrus the Great | king of Persia and founder of the Persian empire (circa 600-529 BC) Conqueror who was tolerant of his subjects. Main thing he did was free Jews from Babylonian captivity. Conquered Jerusalem and Babylon. | 9 | |
| 4428112834 | Homer | Ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BCE). | 10 | |
| 4428112835 | Aristotle | (384-322 BCE)A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato. | 11 | |
| 4428112836 | Alexander the Great | (356 BCE-323 BCE) He conquered most of the ancient world from Asia Minor to Egypt and India, which began the Hellenistic culture which was a blending of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian influences. | 12 | |
| 4428112837 | Caesar | Was an army leader in Italy who fought and defeated the senate in Rome and became the dictator in 48 BCE. | 13 | |
| 4428112838 | Augustus | (63 BCE - 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE - 14 CE) He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar. Pax Romana. | 14 | |
| 4428112839 | Constantine | (274 CE - 337 CE) Roman Emperor between 306 CE and 337 CE. He issued the Edict of Milan which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire. Adopts Christianity. | 15 | |
| 4428112840 | Attila | Leader of the Huns, 450 AD stirs up much trouble for the Romans and the German tribes. Defeated by Roman and Gothic forces at Chalons. | 16 | |
| 4428112841 | Mohammad | Born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia in 570 C. An Islamic prophet who is believed to be the one whom Allah transmitted his words through for the faithful. The followers of this prophet began to record those words through the Qur'an. Founder of Islam | 17 | |
| 4428112842 | Abu Bakr | 1st caliph- began teachings of Islam (632-634). Served as Caliph after Muhammad. He was head of state for Islam. He was also a chief judge, religious leader, and military commander. | 18 | |
| 4428112843 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruled by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code (527-565 A.D). | 19 | |
| 4428112844 | Charlemagne | King of the Frank. 800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. | 20 | |
| 4428112845 | Otto the Great | Formed a close alliance with the Church. Built power by gaining support of clergy, invaded Italy on pope's behalf. rewarded by being crowned emperor, created the Holy Roman Empire, which was the strongest in Europe until the 12 Century, leader of medieval Germany. | 21 | |
| 4428112846 | Pope Innocent III | (c. 1160-1216) one of the most powerful and influential popes in history; exerted wide influence over the Christian regimes of Europe, claiming supremacy over the rulers . Called upon Christian forces to begin The Fourth Crusade (crusaders ended up sacking Constantinople). | 22 | |
| 4428112847 | Thomas Aquinas | (Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274). | 23 | |
| 4428112848 | Prince Shotoku | A regent who ruled Japan from A.D. 593 to 622 and brought elements of Chinese culture-in particular, the Buddhist religion-to the country. First prince of Japan. | 24 | |
| 4428112849 | Genghis Khan | Mongolian Emperor whose empire stretched from the Black Sea to the Pacific Ocean (1162-1227). Founder of the Mongol Empire. | 25 | |
| 4428112850 | Kublai Khan | (r. 1260-1294 AD) Mongolian emperor of China and grandson of Genghis Khan who completed his grandfather's conquest of China. He established the Yuan dynasty in 1271 and built a great capital on the site of modern Beijing where he received Marco Polo. | 26 | |
| 4428112851 | Timur Lang (Tamerlane) | considered the last of the great nomadic conquerors of the Eurasian Steppe, and his empire set the stage for the rise of the more structured and lasting Gunpowder Empires in the 1500s and 1600s; re vitalized ottoman empire | 27 | |
| 4428112852 | Mansa Musa | A king of the Mali Empire. Under his rule, the territory and population of Mali expanded. The empire also grew wealthier, because he taxed the gold-salt trade. He used his immense army to ensure peace on the Saharan trade routes. Famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca, showed that his empire was Muslim. | 28 | |
| 4428112853 | Robert the Magnificent | 29 | ||
| 4428112854 | Menes | Egyptian Pharaoh who united Lower Egypt (north of the Nile delta) with Upper Egypt (from Nile to first cataract as Aswan): 3100 BCE. He also established the first of many dynasties which ruled for nearly 3000 years. | 30 | |
| 4428112855 | Chandragupta Maurya | (322 - 298 BCE) Ruler of a small Ganges Valley state who defeated the Greeks in the area and made himself king in 322 BCE. He then created and enlarged the Mauryan Empire. | 31 | |
| 4428112856 | Ashoka Maurya | The grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, he took the Mauryan Empire to its height,built many roads and irrigation systems in India to increase trade within India . Famously converted to Buddhism after the deadly Kalinga Wars. | 32 | |
| 4428112857 | Chandra Gupta the Great | The ruler who revived the Mauryan Empire under the Gupta Empire. Ruled from 375 to 415 CE. | 33 | |
| 4428112858 | Pericles | Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis, and pursued a policy of imperial expansion that led to the Peloponnesian War. | 34 | |
| 4428112859 | Socrates | (470-399 BCE) An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes. | 35 | |
| 4428112860 | Plato | (427- 347 BCE) Disciple of Socrates, his works are the only record we have of Socrates' teachings, he was also the author of formative philosophical works on ethics and politics. | 36 | |
| 4428112861 | Hannibal | 247-183 b.c., Carthaginian general who crossed the Alps and invaded Italy in the Second Punic War, he attempted a surprise attack on Rome when he crossed the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants. | 37 | |
| 4428112862 | Octavius | (31BC - 14AD) Adopted son and heir of Julius Caesar, he and Antony lead the army that defeats Cassius and Brutus at Philippi. (also known as Augustus) | 38 | |
| 4428112863 | Diocletian | (245-313 CE) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire. | 39 | |
| 4428112864 | Charles Martel | Carolingian monarch of Franks; responsible for defeating Muslims in battle of Tours in 732; ended Muslim threat to western Europe.(688-741 CE) | 40 | |
| 4428112865 | Mohammad al-Razi | Greatest physician of the Muslim world, published massive medical encyclopedia in the Abbasid Dynasty. | 41 | |
| 4428112866 | King Clovis | Early Frankish king; converted Franks to Christianity C. 496; allowed establishment of Frankish kingdom. | 42 | |
| 4428112867 | William the Conqueror | (c. 1027-1087) King of England from 1060 to 1087; he was a powerful French noble who conquered England and brought feudalism to England. | 43 | |
| 4428112868 | King Hugh Capet | king who ruled small area around Paris in 987 - foundation of France. | 44 | |
| 4428112869 | Joan of Arc | (c. 1412-1431) French peasant girl, a heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions; rallied French troops during the Hundred Years War to resist the English and to have Charles VII crowned king. | 45 | |
| 4428112870 | Queen Isabella | Queen of Castile in Spain, she helped complete the Reconquista. She and her husband banned Islam and forced all Jews in Spain to become Christian or leave. She also helped pay for the voyages of Christopher Columbus. | 46 | |
| 4428112871 | King Ferdinand | King of Spain who sponsored Columbus' journey to New World. | 47 | |
| 4428112872 | Ivan the Terrible | (1533-1584) earned his nickname for his great acts of cruelty directed toward all those with whom he disagreed. He became the first ruler to assume the title Czar of all Russia. | 48 | |
| 4428112873 | Emperor Xuanzong | (reigned 713-755) Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty; a grandson of Empress Wu. He promoted religious tolerance. Abolished the death penalty. Distributed land to the poor. Raised age of liability of tax. Tax exemptions for poor families. Expanded school system and improved health care. Revived equal field system. | 49 | |
| 4428112874 | Wu Zhao | 1st and only woman ruler, restored Han system of uniform government, supported uniting of China, only woman to rule China in her own name. | 50 | |
| 4428112875 | Delhi Sultanate | (1206-1526) A Muslim leader of Ghur who defeated Hindu armies made Delhi, the third largest city of India, his capital. | 51 | |
| 4428112876 | Sunni Ali | Rebel leader who captured Timbuktu and established the kingdom of Songhai (1464-1492) | 52 | |
| 4428112877 | Henry the Navigator | (1394-1460) Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa. | 53 | |
| 4428112878 | Vasco de Gama | Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route. | 54 | |
| 4428112879 | Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506) | 55 | |
| 4428112880 | Ferdinand Magellan | (1480-1521) Portuguese-born navigator. Hired by Spain to sail to the Indies in 1519. was killed in the Philippines (1521). One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe. | 56 | |
| 4428112881 | Hernan Cortes | (1485-1547) Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico | 57 | |
| 4428112882 | Montezuma | Aztec King who was defeated by Cortes. | 58 | |
| 4428112883 | Francisco Pizarro | A Spanish conquistador who went to the Incas and took emperor prisoner and then killed him and took over the Inca empire. | 59 | |
| 4428112884 | Zheng He | (1371-1433) Chinese naval explorer who sailed along most of the coast of Asia, Japan, and half way down the east coast of Africa before his death. | 60 |
