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AP World History - Industrilization Flashcards

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5550512220Enclosure MovementWealthy landowners gathered large plots of farmland to experiment with harvesting methods.0
5550514212UrbanizationLarge-scale movement of people from living on farms to in cities.1
5550514213IndustrializationThe process of developing machines to produce commercial goods.2
5550518034Factors of ProductionThe resources necessary to produce a manufactured good.3
5550664813CapitalismAn economic system where the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in businesses to make a profit4
5550677725Socialismfactors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.5
5551785513Unionan association of workers formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages.6
5551861636Adam Smithdefended the ida of free economy and free markets; wrote The Wealth of Nations7
5551883473Iron OreIron was used to make machines which made work faster and more effective.8
5551984311Great Britain Natural ResourcesIron (Machines) Coal & Steam (Energy) Rivers (Transportation) Harbors (Export)9
5552007855Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?Large Labor Force Natural Resources Expanding Economy Political Stability10
5552019657Cotton GinSeparated the plant from its seeds which made the textile manufacturing process faster and more efficient11
5552084300Flying Shuttlea boat shaped piece of wood to which yarn was attached that sped back and forth on wheels; doubled the work weavers could do in a day.12
5552129317Steam EngineWorked faster, more efficient and burned less fuel13
5552169620Daily Working ConditionsLong hours Short breaks Factories were dirty and dangerous Factory bosses exercised harsh discipline14
5552189996Daily Living ConditionsCities were unsanitary & crowded; Housing, water and social services were limited Sickness was widespread.15
5555278949Contribution of Agricultural Revolution to UrbanizationSmall-landowners lost their jobs as farmers and were forced to look for work in factories.16
5555301466Most Significant shift in production techniquesTransitioning from the use of Biofuels to Fossil Fuels as sources of energy.17
5555310395TextilesFirst sector industrialized in Great Britain and the US18
5555382295Weakness of the early labor unionIt was more effective at bargaining for middle-class semi-skilled workers than the poorest unskilled laborers.19
5555397179Significance of the Factory Act of 1833It initiated the first official investigation of working conditions in factories, which resulted in restrictions on the hours children could work and increased their pay.20
5555408793Child LaborCompanies could cut their production costs by using children.21
5555442837Adam Smith's 3 Natural Laws of EconomicsThe Law of Self-Interest The Law of Competition The Law of Supply & Demand22
5555487999Karl Marx and Freidrich EngelsThey published The Communist Manifesto which criticized Capitalism and proposed a new economic system that could promote equality for all.23
5555498164Bourgeoisie and the Proletariatthe "two warring classes" described in The Communist Manifesto?24
5555509003Socialist criticism of Industrialization & CapitalismIndustrialization had helped the wealthy factory owners at the expense of the poor workers25
5555549798Labor ForceLarge population provided factories with a huge number of workers26

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