bunches of people from Unit 3
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| 225721574 | Hammurabi | Ruler of Babylon. Best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases. | 0 | |
| 225721575 | P'an Ku | Mythic ancestor which ancient chinese said was their creation myth, he created the world after breaking out of an egg. | 1 | |
| 225721576 | Shangdi | supreme deity regarded in ancient chinese religion as the ruler of a domain in nature and spirits. First of the gods. Founder of Shang dynasty. | 2 | |
| 225721577 | Menes | king of upper egypt united the two kingdoms of upper and lower egypt | 3 | |
| 225721578 | Akenaton | the pharaoh who established the practice of monotheism in Egypt | 4 | |
| 225721579 | Shi Huangdi | Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire. He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. He also built the first generation Great Wall. | 5 | |
| 225721580 | Kong Fuzi | Known as Confucius - he was a teacher who said human nature was good and the government was there to help the people. Believed in proper behavior and perfect balance. | 6 | |
| 225721581 | Laozi | the "Old Master" who encouraged people to give up worldly desires in favor of nature; he founded Taoism (Daoism) | 7 | |
| 225721582 | Wu Ti | He was often called Warrior Emperor and he greatly enlarged the Han Dynasty to Central Asia., Best-known Han ruler. Supported Confucianism in the state bureaucracy. | 8 | |
| 225721583 | Siddhartha Gautama | founder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha. He believed that all people could reach Nirvana. | 9 | |
| 225721584 | Asoka | grandson of Chandragupta; most honored emperor for his commitment to spreading peace and prosperity to all; was buddhist but accepted other religions; decline came after his death; believed in no violence. | 10 | |
| 225721585 | Aryabhatta | famous mathematician, wrote a book that summarized Hindu mathematics, discovered pi, calculated the length of the solar system, and the circumference of the earth during India's Classical Era. He also discovered trigonometry. | 11 | |
| 225721586 | Chandragupta Maurya | He founded India's first empire. He was an Indian prince who conquered a large area in the Ganges River valley soon after Alexander invaded western India. | 12 | |
| 225721587 | Kautilya | Political advisor to Asoka; one of the authors of Arthashastra; believed in Indian political theory. | 13 | |
| 225721588 | Cyrus | Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples. | 14 | |
| 225721589 | Zoroaster | a Persian prophet, lived around 600 B.C. taught that the earth is a battleground where a great struggle if fought between the spirit of good and the spirit of evil, founder of Zoroasterism, which was based around personal salvation. | 15 | |
| 225721590 | Pericles | Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon. | 16 | |
| 225721591 | Aristotle | Greek philosopher; teacher of Alexander the Great; knowledge based on observation of phenomena in material world. Categorizing and taxonomy. | 17 | |
| 225721592 | Socrates | Father of philosophy who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method. Executed for questioning the existence of the gods. | 18 | |
| 225721593 | Plato | one of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the GREATEST philosopher of western civilization. Plato explained his ideas about government in a work entitled The Republic. In his ideal state, the people were divided into three different groups. Perfectionist | 19 | |
| 225721594 | Phillip II | The father of Alexander the Great; A king of Macedon. Conquered Greece. | 20 | |
| 225721595 | Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world. Blended Greek, Persian, and Egyptian culture. | 21 | |
| 225721596 | Hannibal | Carthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic War, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants. | 22 | |
| 225721597 | Julius Caesar | Roman general and dictator. He was murdered by a group of senators and his former friend Brutus who hoped to restore the normal running of the republic | 23 | |
| 225721598 | Augustus Caesar | The first empreror of Rome, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, help Rome come into Pax Romana, or the Age of Roman Peace | 24 | |
| 225721599 | Cicero | a Roman statesman, philosopher, and orator remembered for his mastery of Latin prose. | 25 | |
| 225732126 | Diocletian | Roman emperor who was faced with military problems, when that happend he decided to divide the empire between himself in the east and maximian in the west. he did the last persecution of the Christians | 26 | |
| 225732127 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians. Abandoned the West. | 27 | |
| 225732128 | Paul | Follower of Jesus who helped spread Christianity throughout the Roman world; established the Christian Church | 28 | |
| 225732129 | Augustine | Influential church father and theologian; born in Africa and ultimately Bishop of Hippo in Africa; champion of Christian doctrine against carious heresies and very important in the long-term development of Christian thought on such issues as predestination. Added classical thinking to Christianity and applied it to day-to-day life | 29 | |
| 225732130 | Benedict | founder of monasticism in what had been the western half of the Roman Empire; known for establishing Benedictine Rule; paralleled development of Basil's rules in the Byzantine Empire | 30 | |
| 225732131 | Muhammad | Founder of Islam, considered the greatest prophet in Islam | 31 | |
| 225732132 | Ali | Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law; a leading figure in the Shi'a branch of Islam. Should have been the 1st caliph. Cause of the Sunni/Shi'a split | 32 | |
| 225732133 | Abu Bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death. | 33 | |
| 225732134 | Khadijan | widow, ran business, boss and wife of Muhammad. She was the 1st Muslim | 34 | |
| 225732135 | Al-Abbas | Founder of the Abbasid dynasty; relentlessly pursued the Ummayads | 35 | |
| 225732136 | Harun al-Rashid | Most famous of Abbasid caliphs; renowned for sumptuous and costly living; dependent on Persian advisors early in reign; death led to civil wars over succession. His court inspired The Tale of 1001 Nights. | 36 | |
| 225732137 | Saladin | Powerful Muslim ruler during Third Crusade, defeated Christians at Hattin took Jerusalem | 37 | |
| 225732138 | Al-Ghazali | Islamic theologian who struggled to fuse greek and quranic traditions. He was never really accepted. | 38 | |
| 225732139 | Ibn-Khaldun | Arab historian. He developed an influential theory on the rise and fall of states. Born in Tunis, he spent his later years in Cairo as a teacher and judge. In 1400 he was sent to Damascus to negotiate the surrender of the city. | 39 | |
| 225732140 | Muhammad ibn-Qasim | Arab general; conquered Sind in India; declared the region and the Indus valley to be part of the Umayyad Empire | 40 | |
| 225732141 | Kabir | Muslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam | 41 | |
| 225732142 | Mahmud of Ghazni | Third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of wealthiest of Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation for intolerance and aggression. | 42 | |
| 225742131 | Ibn Batuta | Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records | 43 | |
| 225742132 | Sundiata | (Lion Prince) The founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes | 44 | |
| 225742133 | Sunni Ali | Sunni Ali was the first great king of the Songhai Empire, located in west Africa and the 15th ruler of the Sonni dynasty. Under Sunni Ali's infantry and cavalry, Songhai extended to cover a great portion of the Niger River area and gained control of crucial trading cities such as Timbuktu and Djenné. | 45 | |
| 225742134 | Mansa Musa | Ruler of Mali. His pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world. | 46 | |
| 225742135 | Askia Muhammad | Ruler of the Songhay Empire from 1493 to 1528 who expanded the empire and organized its government | 47 | |
| 225742136 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code | 48 | |
| 225742137 | Belisarius | one of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of Western Europe; commended in North Africa and Italy | 49 | |
| 225742138 | Theodora/Zoe | Sisters, served jointly as rulers of the Byzantine Empire. | 50 | |
| 225742139 | Cyril/Methodus | Two Byzantine brothers who created the Cyrillic language from Greek. Also converted the Slavs to Christianity. | 51 | |
| 225742140 | Rurik | Legendary Scandinavian regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based in Kiev in 855 C.E. | 52 | |
| 225742141 | Vladimir I | Ruler of Russian kingdom of Kiev from 980 to 1015; converted kingdom to Christianity | 53 | |
| 225742142 | Yaroslav I | Vladimir's son; was Grand Prince of Novgorod and Kiev, uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule. During his lengthy reign, Kievan Rus' reached a zenith of its cultural flowering and military power; first library; organized legal system. Codified Russian laws. | 54 | |
| 225742143 | Procopius | Historian of the Byzantine Empire who in his Secret History revealed the cruelty of the autocratic system in which the emperor ruled by divine providence. | 55 | |
| 226738856 | Clovis | King of Franks ( 1st king after the fall of Rome); conquered Gaul; earned support of Gaul and Church of Rome by converting; Ruled lands in Frankish custom but kept Roman legacy | 56 | |
| 226738857 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks; emperor. Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. He ended the Dark Ages with his strength and centralization. | 57 | |
| 226738858 | William the Conqueror | Invaded England from Normandy in 1066; extended tight feudal system to England; established administrative system based on sheriffs; established centralized monarchy. | 58 | |
| 226738859 | Urban II | Called First Crusade in 1095; appealed to Christians to mount military assault to free the Holy Land from the Muslims. | 59 | |
| 226738860 | St. Clare of Assisi | 13th-century founder of a women's monastic order; represented a new spirit of purity and dedication to the Catholic church. Women had the opportunity to be running their own lives. | 60 | |
| 226738861 | Gregory VII | Pope during the 11th century who attempted to free Church from interference of feudal lords; quarreled with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over practice of lay investiture. Started the tradition that the church had supremacy over the king. | 61 | |
| 226738862 | Peter Ableard | early scholastic teacher who taught theology at the University of Paris. Added logic to Christian philosophy. | 62 | |
| 226738863 | Thomas Aquinas | Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology. Known for scholasticism (using knowledge with Christian beliefs). | 63 |
