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| 6143349904 | Encomienda | Grant of indian laborers made to spanish conquerors and settlers in mesoamerica and South America; basis for earliest forms of coerced labor in Spanish colonies | 0 | |
| 6143349905 | Encomendero | The holder of a grant of Indians who were required to pay a tribute or provide labor. | 1 | |
| 6143349906 | Bartolome de las casas | Dominican friar who supported peaceful conversion of the NA population; opposed forced labor and advocated Indian rights | 2 | |
| 6143349907 | Hernan Cortes | Led expedition of 600 to coast of Mexico in 1519; conquistador responsible for defeat of Aztec empire, captured Tenochtitlán | 3 | |
| 6143349908 | Moctezuma II | Last independent aztec emperor; killed during Hernan Cortes' conquest | 4 | |
| 6143349909 | Mexico City | Capital of New Spain; built on ruins of aztec capital of ofofTenochtitlán | 5 | |
| 6143349910 | New Spain | Spanish colonial administrative unit including Central America, Mexico, and southeast and southwest of US | 6 | |
| 6143349911 | Potosi | Mine located in upper Peru; largest of New wORLD silver mines; produced 80% of all Peruvian silver | 7 | |
| 6143349912 | Huancavelica | Location of greatest deposit of mercury in south America; aided in aMERICAN SILVer production, linked with Potosi | 8 | |
| 6143349913 | Haciendas | Rural estates in spanish colonies in new world; produced agricultural products for consumers in america; basis of wealth and power for local aristocracy | 9 | |
| 6143349914 | Consulado | Merchant guild of seville; enjoyed virtual monopoly rights over goods shipped to america and handled much of the silver received in return | 10 | |
| 6143349915 | Galleons | Large, heavily armed ships used to carry silver from New World colonies to spain; basis for convoy systems utilized by spain for transportation of bullion | 11 | |
| 6143349916 | Council of the indies | Body within the castilian government that issued all laws and advised king on all matters dealing with the Spanish colonies of the new world | 12 | |
| 6143349917 | Viceroyalties | Two major divisions of spanish colonies in the new world; one based in lima; the other in mexico city; direct representation of the king | 13 | |
| 6143349918 | Viceroys | Senior gov officials in spanish america; ruled as direct representatives of the kinds over principal administration units or viceroyalties; usually high ranking spanish nobles with previous military or gov experience. | 14 | |
| 6143349919 | Audiencia | Royal court of appeals establish in Spanish colonies of the new world; there were 16 throughout spanish america; part of colonial administrative system; staffed by professional magistrates | 15 | |
| 6143349920 | Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz | Author, poet, and musician of new spain that eventually gave up secular concerns to concentrate on spiritual matters | 16 | |
| 6143349921 | Captaincies | Strips of land among brazilian coast granted to minor port nobles for development, enjoyed limited success in developing the colony | 17 | |
| 6143349922 | Mountains of gold in brazil | Mineras Gerais | 18 | |
| 6143349923 | Amigos del país | Clubs and associations dedicated to improvements and reform in spanish coloniesl flourished during the 18th century; called for material improvements rather than political reform | 19 | |
| 6143402613 | War of the spanish succession | Resulted from bourbon family's succession to Spanish throne in 1701' ended by treaty of utrecht in 1713'; resulted in recognition of bourbons, loss some lands, grants of commercial rights to english and french | 20 | |
| 6143402614 | MARQUIS of Pombal | Prime minister of Portugal; acted to strengthen royal authority in brazil; expelled jesuits, enacted fiscal reforms and established monopoly companies to stimulate the colonial economy | 21 | |
| 6143402615 | Comunero revolt | One of popular revolts against spanish colonial rule in new granada in 1781; suppressed as a result of divisions among rebels | 22 | |
| 6143402616 | Tupac Amaru II | Mestizo leader of Indian revolt on peru; supported by many among lover social classes; revolt eventually failed because of creole fears of real social revolution | 23 | |
| 6143402617 | Potosi and Zacatecas | What were the two largest mining centers | 24 | |
| 6143402618 | 2 fleets sailed (galleons) annually from spain and traded their goods for precious metas and then met in cuba before returning back to spain | What was the convoy system | 25 | |
| 6143524287 | Superior weapons, Malinche, germs | How did Cortes conquer Aztecs | 26 | |
| 6143524288 | Turkeys, potatoes, tomatoes, chocolate, tobacco, and syphilis | What did the new world send out in the Colombian exchange | 27 | |
| 6143524289 | Horses, rats, weeds, sugarcane, smallpox, measles | What did the old world sed out in the columbian exchange | 28 | |
| 6143524290 | Seville | All American trader from Spain went through the port of | 29 | |
| 6143524291 | Money used to finance wars and they had to buy manufactured goods to send back to the colonies | The Spanish were surprisingly not rich. Why? | 30 | |
| 6143524292 | Spain politics | Vast bureaucracy with a king that ruled council of indies ad then viceroyalties with viceroys who were nobles that were a direct representation of the king. Then there were military legislative and judicial powers, and the viceroyalties were divided into districts called audiencias with lawyers, magistrates that applied laws, collected taxes, and assigned indians work | 31 | |
| 6143524293 | Portugal politics | King and Nobles were given strips of land called capitalices, governor general ruling from Salvatore, each capitalice had a governor, and all reported to overseas council in Lisbon, no universities, 2 colonies of state of MaranhaorA and state of brazil, not a good gov without coerced labor laws because it gave people power | 32 | |
| 6143524294 | Allowed production of religious works, history, philosophy, law, and language | How did the printing press help the church | 33 | |
| 6143524295 | Port could buy manufactured goods it needed for itself and its colonies and few industries were enveloped in the mother country | How did gold impact Port | 34 | |
| 6143524296 | Peninsulares: born on peninsula, creoles: white born here, mestizo: white/na, multtos: white/a/africans, Indians, Africans (slaves) | Castas and explain each | 35 | |
| 6143524297 | Spain had sugar first the sugar. Port had sugar first then silver | Silver/ sugar order | 36 | |
| 6143524298 | Spanish colonial system, african save trade, British french revolution | 3 affects of mercantilism | 37 |
