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| 3725675250 | Animism | A religion that believes that nature contains spirits. | 0 | |
| 3725675251 | Cuneiform | The first form of writing that we have any knowledge of. Written in clay, wedge shaped symbols. | 1 | |
| 3725675252 | Hammurabi | Ancient ruler of Mesopotamia around 18th century bc. He formed the Code of __________, an ancient law code that consists of 282 laws inspired by Marduk that emphasized lex talionis, (an eye for an eye), that helped stop blood feuds. | 2 | |
| 3725675253 | Paleolithic | The early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used. | 3 | |
| 3725675254 | Hunter- Gatherers | People that obtain food through hunting and gathering, constantly moving (nomadic). | 4 | |
| 3725675255 | Olmec | Oldest known civilization in Mesoamerica. Famous for their giant head sculptures. | 5 | |
| 3725675256 | Cultural Diffusion | The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another. The mixing of world cultures through different ethnicities, religions and nationalities has increased with advanced communication, transportation and technology. | 6 | |
| 3725675257 | Pastoralism | An intermediate stage before human got to to fixed agriculture, where the people followed the herds of animals. | 7 | |
| 3725675258 | Syncretism | The mixing of religions. | 8 | |
| 3725675259 | Caesar Augustus | _______ was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. | 9 | |
| 3725675260 | Doric/ Ionic/ Corinthian | The three classical greek orders of art. Doric was the plainest, Ionic was more elegant, from Ionia, and Corinthian was the most elaborate, very floral. | 10 | |
| 3725675261 | Emperor Constantine | Emperor of Rome (306-337) who adopted the Christian faith and suspended the persecution of Christians. He rebuilt Constantinople as the new Rome (330). | 11 | |
| 3725675262 | Emperor Justinian | He was a Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565. He formed the code of _____. Believed in a restoring of the Byzantine empire to the size of imperial Rome. | 12 | |
| 3725675263 | Hellenistic | Refers to Greek like civilization that developed after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. | 13 | |
| 3725675264 | Helots | A slave in Sparta, when the Spartans conquered Mycenae they enslaved the conquered. | 14 | |
| 3725675265 | Latifundia | These were the landid estates in commonly from the senatorial class that gave them their power. | 15 | |
| 3725675266 | Magna Graecia | Great Greece; extended Greek culture that expanded throughout, greek colonies. | 16 | |
| 3725675267 | Mandate of Heaven | The Chinese idea that the Chinese emperor received power from heaven. The emperor had this until things turned bad and he "lost" his power from heaven. | 17 | |
| 3725675268 | Pax Romana | Roman peace, a period around 27BC to 180AD. Rome was relatively peaceful, not without any skirmishes though. | 18 | |
| 3725675269 | Polis (Poleis) | A Greek word for city-state, the city and the area around it. Some of the most well known Greek city states are Athens and Sparta. | 19 | |
| 3725675270 | Socrates | 470-399 bc, Athenian philosopher, whose beliefs are known only through the writings of his pupils Plato and Xenophon. He taught that virtue was based on knowledge, which was attained by a dialectical process that took into account many aspects of a stated hypothesis. | 20 | |
| 3725675271 | Abbasid Caliphate | The second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim Empire after the Umayyad. Named after Muhammad's uncle. It was a prominent caliphate based in Baghdad. It truly was the golden age of Islam, around 750 to 1258 ad. | 21 | |
| 3725675272 | Abrahamic Religions | Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All three claim descent from Abraham. | 22 | |
| 3725675273 | Arian | Two different definitions, 1- the early people that came from Iran, and settled in India, who were taller than the indigenous people, and lighter skinned. 2- the idea of a superior Nordic race, yellow hair, blue eyes; Hitler believed in it. | 23 | |
| 3725675274 | Caesaropapism | A concept that developed in the Byzantine empire where the emperor wore the hat of spiritual head, and the secular head as well. | 24 | |
| 3725675275 | Carolingian Rennaisance | The first of three medieval renaissances, was a period of cultural activity in the Carolingian Empire occurring from the late eighth century to the ninth century, taking inspiration from the Christian Roman Empire of the 4th century. During this period there was an increase of literature, writing, the arts, architecture, jurisprudence, liturgical reforms, and scriptural studies. | 25 | |
| 3725675276 | Carolingian | The Frankish dynasty that reigned in France 751-987, first under Charlemagne, and in Germany until a.d. 911. | 26 | |
| 3725675277 | Charlemagne | Charles I, also called Charles the Great lived 747-814, king of the Franks (768-814), king of the Lombards (774-814), and first emperor (800-814) of the Romans and of what was later called the Holy Roman Empire. | 27 | |
| 3725675278 | Corpus Juris Civilis (Code of Justinian) | Refers to the body of civil law, the most extensive Roman law code ever made. _______ was the greatest emperor of the Byzantine empire. | 28 | |
| 3725675279 | Dar al-Islam | The area of the world under the rule of Islam , literally, "the home of Islam" or "the home of submission." This is often used by extremists to include areas that used to be part of the Muslim world such as Al-Andalus (Spain) as well as the Muslim world. | 29 | |
| 3725675280 | Feudalism | The legal and social system that evolved in western Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries, where vassals were protected and maintained by their lords, usually through the granting of fiefs, and were required to serve under them in war. | 30 | |
| 3725675281 | Fief | In a feudal system, it is a piece of land given to a subordinate in exchange for their military service. | 31 | |
| 3725675282 | Filioque | Means "and the son." It was added to the Nicene Creed by Rome in the 11th century. It is a huge source of friction between the Eastern and Western Church. | 32 | |
| 3725675283 | Five Pillars of Islam | 1- Daily prayer five times a day facing east. 2- fasting during the month of Ramadan during daylight hours. 3- Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj). 4- Almsgiving; giving to the poor etc. 5- Believe in the creed and being able to recite the creed. | 33 | |
| 3725675284 | Gothic | The style of architecture that was used in western Europe from the 12th to the 16th centuries, characterized by the lancet arch, the ribbed vault, and the flying buttress. | 34 | |
| 3725675285 | Hagia Sophia | Means 'holy wisdom'. Justinian brought about this cathedral's building in the sixth century in Constantinople. | 35 | |
| 3725675286 | Hajj | A religious pilgrimage that all Muslims must make to Mecca in their lifetime. | 36 | |
| 3725675287 | Hegira | 622 AD, The beginning of the Islamic calendar, in that year Muhammad left Mecca for Medina. | 37 | |
| 3725675288 | Ibn Battuta | He was a Medieval Muslim traveler and scholar, who is widely recognized as one of the greatest travelers of all time. He visited most of the known islamic world as well as other parts of the world. | 38 | |
| 3725675289 | Iconoclasm | In the Byzantine empire, people destroyed icons because they thought they were graven images, such as statues of mary. | 39 | |
| 3725675290 | Ka'ba | A large square stone that is a shrine, located near the centre of the Great Mosque in Mecca and considered by Muslims everywhere to be the most sacred spot on Earth. Muslims orient themselves toward this shrine during the five daily prayers. | 40 | |
| 3725675291 | Kamikaze | Means Divine Wind in Japanese. Japan is very proud that it was never invaded by the Mongols because a massive storm blew their fleets away from Japan. | 41 | |
| 3725675292 | Kievan Russia | A loose federation of East Slavic tribes in Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century | 42 | |
| 3725675293 | Mameluks | A member of a military class, originally of Turkish slaves, ruling in Egypt from about 1250 to 1517 and remaining powerful until crushed in 1811. | 43 | |
| 3725675294 | Manor | A self-sufficient landholding consisting of the lord's residence, outbuildings, peasant village, and surrounding land. | 44 | |
| 3725675295 | Quran | The _____ is the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic. | 45 | |
| 3725675296 | Hadith | A collection of sayings or traditions associated with the life of Muhammad, what Muhammad did. | 46 | |
| 3725675297 | Serf | A peasant who is "tied" to the land, commonly a servant that is bound under the feudal system to stay on his owners estate. | 47 | |
| 3725675298 | Sharia Law | The code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed; "____ ___ is only applicable to Muslims"; "under Islamic law there is no separation of church and state" | 48 | |
| 3725675299 | Simony | The practice, now usually regarded as a sin, of buying or selling spiritual or Church benefits such as pardons, relics, etc, or preferments | 49 | |
| 3725675300 | Sunni's/ Shi'ites | ______ are the majority Branch of Islam, believed that any well qualified man can become the caliph. They don't look just at the Qu'ran, but also at Muhammad's life and hadith. ______ are the minority branch of Islam, believe that the caliphs should be a direct descendant of Muhammad, and they mostly followed the Qu'ran. | 50 | |
| 3725675301 | Ulama | A body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology. | 51 | |
| 3725675302 | Umayyad Caliphate | It was the first Muslim dynasty to rule the caliphate. Centered on the ______ dynasty, hailing from Mecca. It was the first of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. | 52 | |
| 3725675303 | Umma | The worldwide islamic community that transcends borders. | 53 | |
| 3725675304 | Vassal | In the feudal system, the ____ is the lower ranking person to whom a fief is given by their lord or king in exchange for military service. | 54 | |
| 3725675305 | Vikings | Scandinavian seafaring warriors who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the 9th to the 11th century and whose disruptive influence profoundly affected European history. Tended not to focus on cities, but on rural areas, such as convents and smaller villages. | 55 | |
| 3725675306 | Zheng He | A Chinese, Muslim, unich (he was castrated). He was an admiral, and in the 15th century he lead seven massive expeditions on many ships that explored the Indian Ocean. | 56 | |
| 3725675307 | Baroque | 57 | ||
| 3725675308 | Caravel | A small light ship that was extremely maneuverable that was used in the age of exploration by Portugal and Spain. With a few cannons on board they were very formidable. | 58 | |
| 3725675309 | Columbian Exchange | The exchange of goods and ideas between the New World and the Old World. | 59 | |
| 3725675310 | Divine Right of Kings | The belief that the legitimacy to rule comes from God, therefore monarchs are divinely appointed to rule. | 60 | |
| 3725675311 | Encomienda | 61 | ||
| 3725675312 | Gunpowder Empires | Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires. Each of these three empires had considerable military success using the newly developed firearms, especially cannon and small arms, in the course of their empires. They are also all muslim. | 62 | |
| 3725675313 | Ignatius Loyola | Founded the society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits. Officially founded in the 1500's. Jesuits were | 63 | |
| 3725675314 | Holy Roman Emperor Charles V | The most powerful man in europe in the first half of the 16th century. Ruled Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, and areas around there. | 64 | |
| 3725675315 | Mannerism | 65 | ||
| 3725675316 | Mercantilism | An economic theory states that the more regulated an economy is, the more productive the economy is. Under this theory, it is also believed that the measure of a nations wealth is its gold and silver. Believed in importing materials and exporting manufactured goods. | 66 | |
| 3725675317 | Mestizo | A man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian. | 67 | |
| 3725675318 | Rococo | 68 | ||
| 3725675319 | Social Contract Theory | Formed in the late 1600's after the 30 years war. An extremely old concept that is the view that someones' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. One would obey the laws and rules of a society and they would receive protection and rights in exchange. | 69 | |
| 3725675320 | Sprezzatura | 70 | ||
| 3725675321 | Treaty of Tordesillas | (1494) A treaty organized by the Pope, Alexander the VI, an agreement between Spain and Portugal, the two leaders in exploration. It was aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers. | 71 | |
| 3725675322 | Bourgeoisie/ Proletariat | In Marxist thought, the 1___ are the ruling class of the two basic classes of capitalist society, consisting of capitalists, manufacturers, bankers, and other employers. The 2___ are the class of workers, especially industrial wage earners, who do not possess capital or property and must sell their labor to survive. | 72 | |
| 3725675323 | Deism | The idea that God made the universe and us, but he removes himself from altering the world or anything after it was created. God as the "watchmaker". | 73 | |
| 3725675324 | Karl Marx | This man's view on revolution was that the working class, the proletariat, would lead the revolution. | 74 | |
| 3725675325 | Laissez-Faire | Free market; the government refrains from regulating the market, it acts against Mercantilism. | 75 | |
| 3725675326 | Monroe Doctrine | The U.S. doctrine declared in 1823 that the U.S. wanted to stay out of the wars and conflicts of Europe and pretty much everyone. This was during the time that many south american countries were breaking away from their Spanish rule. | 76 | |
| 3725675327 | Opium Wars | Began in the 1840's, where the British took Opium from india and brought it to China to addict them and open trade and ports. | 77 | |
| 3725675328 | Pogrom | 78 | ||
| 3725675329 | Realism | The style of painting and sculpture developed about the mid-19th century in which figures and scenes are depicted as they are experienced or might be experienced in everyday life. | 79 | |
| 3725675330 | Risorgimento | The resurgence of Italian national pride, lead to the formation of the united kingdom of Italy in 1861. | 80 | |
| 3725675331 | Social Darwinism | The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. | 81 | |
| 3725675332 | Zionism | The desire among Jews for a homeland of their own Palestine, realized in the founding of the state of Israel in 1948. | 82 | |
| 3725675333 | African National Congress | An organization that formed the government in south africa after the abolishment of apartheid. It was formed in 1912 by the wealthy whites. It was banned from 1960 to 1990 because of its opposition to apartheid. | 83 | |
| 3725675334 | Ataturk | Kemal, real name Mustafa Kemal. Lived 1881- 1938, Turkish general and statesman; founder of the Turkish republic and president of Turkey (1923-38), who westernized and secularized the country | 84 | |
| 3725675335 | Atlantic Charter | 85 | ||
| 3725675336 | Balfour Declaration | 1917, declaration made by the British government that said the British government will help form a state just for the Jews. | 86 | |
| 3725675337 | Bandung Conference | 1955, Held in Indonesia, where the newly independent nations in the world- the third world counties- held a conference to decide whether to align with soviet Russia (the second world) or the U.S. of A (the first world). They decided to stay third world. | 87 | |
| 3725675338 | Boxer Rebellion | 1900, The major Chinese rebellion against the European powers (+japan and the US). Mostly targeted the foreigners and Christians. | 88 | |
| 3725675339 | Brezhnev Doctrine | The doctrine expounded by Leonid Brezhnev in November 1968 affirming the right of the Soviet Union to intervene in the affairs of Communist countries to strengthen Communism. "When forces that are hostile to socialism try to turn the development of some socialist country towards capitalism, it becomes not only a problem of the country concerned, but a common problem and concern of all socialist countries." | 89 | |
| 3725675340 | Cubism | 90 | ||
| 3725675341 | Cultural Revolution | Occurred in China in the 1960's, it was an attempt to eradicate western influence in China under Mao Zedong. | 91 | |
| 3725675342 | Dadaism | A nihilistic artistic movement of the early 20th century in western Europe and the US, founded on principles of irrationality, incongruity, and irreverence towards accepted aesthetic criteria. | 92 | |
| 3725675343 | Duma | 93 | ||
| 3725675344 | Four Modernizations | Goals of the political leadership in China after the death of Mao Zedong: modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology. | 94 | |
| 3725675345 | Fourteen Points | (1918) Terms placed by Woodrow Wilson, the president of the US at the time after WWI, to appeal to the germans so they would accept an Armistice. | 95 | |
| 3725675346 | (1)Glastnost/ (2)Perestroika | 1 _____ means transparency, made government transparent, see through. 2______ is economical restructuring, introducing limited free markets and free trade. In Russia, Gorbachev instated this ideology. | 96 | |
| 3725675347 | Great Leap Forward | It was a plan to transform China into a society capable of competing with other industrialized nations, within a short, five-year time period under the rule of Mao Zedong. It failed. | 97 | |
| 3725675348 | Intifada | The Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, beginning in 1987. | 98 | |
| 3725675349 | Kellogg-Briand Pact | A treaty renouncing war as an instrument of national policy and urging peaceful means for the settlement of international disputes, originally signed in 1928 by 15 nations, later joined by 49 others. | 99 | |
| 3725675350 | Keynesianism | 100 | ||
| 3725675351 | League of Nations | Founded directly after WWI that was an international association formed to help prevent war and conflict. The US never joined which made it much less significant. Superseded by the United Nations. | 101 | |
| 3725675352 | Mao Zedong | He was a Marxist thinker, but knew that the working class was not large enough in China to lead a revolution, so he thought the peasants, farmers, would lead the revolution. | 102 | |
| 3725675353 | Marshall Plan | 103 | ||
| 3725675354 | New Deal | A group of government programs and policies established under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s; the New Deal was designed to improve conditions for persons suffering in the Great Depression. | 104 | |
| 3725675355 | New Economic Policy | In the Soviet Union, a program in effect from 1921 to 1928, reviving the wage system and private ownership of some factories and businesses, and abandoning grain requisitions. | 105 | |
| 3725675356 | Operation Barbarossa | The code name for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II, which began on 22 June 1941. | 106 | |
| 3725675357 | Surrealism | A 20th-century movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, as if asleep, for example by the irrational juxtaposition of images. | 107 | |
| 3725675358 | Wannsee Conference | 1942, The meeting where the plans for the Holocaust were finalized. | 108 | |
| 3725675359 | Yalta Conference | (1945) The _____ _____ was a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down. | 109 | |
| 3725675360 | 3100 BC | Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt | 110 | |
| 3725675361 | 323 BC | Death of Alexander the Great; Date | 111 | |
| 3725675362 | 15 March, 44 BC | Assassination of Julius Caesar | 112 | |
| 3725675363 | 622 | Hijra; Date | 113 | |
| 3725675364 | 732 | Battle of Tours; Date | 114 | |
| 3725675365 | 800 | Charlemagne crowned Emperor of the Romans; Date | 115 | |
| 3725675366 | 1054 | Great Schism; Date | 116 | |
| 3725675367 | 1453 | Fall of Constantinople; Date | 117 | |
| 3725675368 | 1517 | 95 Theses, Beginning of Prodestant Reformation; Date | 118 | |
| 3725675369 | 1588 | Spanish Armada | 119 | |
| 3725675370 | 1618 | Defenestration of Prague (Start of 30 Yrs War) | 120 | |
| 3725675371 | 1648 | Peace of Westphalia (End of 30 Yrs War); Date | 121 | |
| 3725675372 | 1789 | Beginning of French Revolution | 122 | |
| 3725675373 | 1815 | Battle of Waterloo | 123 | |
| 3725675374 | 1848 | Year of Revolutions | 124 | |
| 3725675375 | 28 June, 1914 | Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand | 125 | |
| 3725675376 | 11 November, 1918 | Armistice | 126 | |
| 3725675377 | October 1929 | Wall Street Crash | 127 | |
| 3725675378 | October 1962 | Cuban Missile Crisis | 128 |
