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7447738567rise of agricultureThe transformation that was most responsible for moving humans toward civilizations was the...0
7447744053Middle East and independently in other areasThe start of sedentary agriculture began in....1
7447753863Religious or ritual purposesGiven location and the subject matter of Paleolithic cave paintings, it is likely that the early art served _____ purposes.2
7447761715All continents except AntarcticaBy the late Paleolithic Age, humans had colonized...3
7447764381Small groups of hunters and gatherersMost human societies in the Paleolithic Age consisted of...4
7447767732was divided according to genderIn hunting and gathering bands, labor was...5
7447796657increase from 7 million to 60 to 70 millionThe Neolithic Era caused the population of humans to...6
7447799875gigging sticks, axes, and plowsWhich of the following technological innovations was associated with the transition to sedentary agricultural societies?7
7447802556Late Paleolithic AgeStone tools, hunting and gathering, and an increasing number of Homo sapiens sapiens are features of the ___________ era8
7447802557declinedIn comparison to the position of woman in hunting and gathering societies, the social status of women in sedentary agricultural communities _________.9
7447808183members of hunter-gatherer bandsPeople referred to ___________ as barbarians10
7447812157permitted the establishment of the first townsBy about 7000 BC, techniques of agricultural production in the Middle East had reached a level permitted.....11
7447814794a powerful priesthoodThe many religious shrines at Catal Huyuk indicate the existence of...12
7447821101innovative technologies and modes of agrarian productionWhat was the "heart" of the Neolithic Revolution that became the basis for the spread of human societies?13
7447833401particularly hard to study because its writing has not been decipheredUnlike Sumer and Egypt, the Indus Valley or Harapaan civilization is...14
7447841825probably after civilizations in the Nile Valley and MesopotamiaCompared to river valley cultures of Egypt and Mesopotamia, 2000 BC Chinese civilizations developed15
7447843935a uniform languageIn early China, unity and cultural identity were provided by....16
7447843936religionThe pillar of Egypt culture was...17
7447851630more stable due to few foreign incursionsCompared to Mesopotamia, Egypt was...18
7447856954located near great river systemsWhat was one of the greatest similarities btwn Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Harappan, and Chinese civilizations?19
7447862957failure to provide the basis for a continuous civilizationWhat was one of the greatest differences btwn Harappan and Chinese civilizations20
7447865768ShangWhat dynasty established the first actual kingdom of ancient China21
7447884731The written language served to unite the various ethnic groups, who were able to identify themselves through writing as culturally ChineseWhy were Chinese writing referred to as the key to the creation of a distinctive Chinese identity?22
7447898207settled agriculture, dependent on organized irrigation systems, had emerged thereThe reasons that civilization appeared at an early date in the Middle East was that...23
7447900322punishments were often harshWhat is true concerning Hamurabi's Law Code? -everyone was equal before law -men/woman faced same punishment for same crime -punishments were often harsh -magical beliefs do not play a role in the Code24
7447906785ensuring more consistent surpluses of food and necessary productsTechnological inovations occuring btwn 6000 and 4000 B.C.E. prepared the way for civilization by...25
7447911875help organize elaborate political structuresCuneiform and other types of writing are important, in part, because, they...26
7447916227a simplified alphabet of 22 lettersWhich of the following is NOT a feature of Sumerian civilization -cuneiform -city-states -numeric system based on 10, 60, and 360 -simplified alphabet of 22 letters27
7447918535alphabetwhat was the Phoenicians contribution28
7447937010retained a unified state throughout most of historyUnlike Sumer and the Indus Valley or Harappan civilizations, Egypt...29
7448019456originated as responses to societal problems during times of disruptionConfucianism and Daoism30
7448032164a hierarchy and insisted upon reciprocal duties btwn peopleConfucian social relationships established...31
7448041872broke the power of the vassals in order to enhance the power of the emperorThe doctrine sponsored by the Qin Dynasty to support its state32
7448049197trained bureaucrats from non-aristocratic groupsWhich of the following groups would have most likely supported the Qin dynasty33
7448056593a system of examinations to prepare professional civil servantsDuring the Han Dynasty, scholar officials instituted....34
7448062556the commoners, especially the peasants, remained the largest groupAlthough they varied greatly in wealth and social status in China, __________ remained the largest group35
7448081675legally subordinated to fathers and husbands at all class levelsChinese woman in the Classical Age were....36
7448088315merchant in China ranked below peasants and had little social influenceDespite their material success and increased wealth,37
7448101094their secular influence and and lack of indentifiable gods to worshipChinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in...38
7448146164the scholar gentryWho were the Shi?39
7448167151DaoismTHe philosophy espoused by Laozi was called..40
7448175938good leadership and free peasantsThe Qin armies were famed for their ferocity and speed because of their...41
7448181924the unification of China under a "shi" bureaucracyWhat was the most significant accomplishment of the Qin's dynasty?42
7448193487was largely decorative, often reflecting the geometric precision of the Chinese calligraphyChinese art during the Han classical period was...43
7448397275Kshatriya (warriors and rulers)The Hindu caste after Brahmans during the Epic Age was...44
7448397276was extremely complex and stratified; a person could almost never change casteThe Indian caste system was...45
7448397277one must carry out one's duty that comes with one's casteThe central message of the Bhagavad Gita is that..46
7448414847Buddhism denied the need for castes, rites, and sacrifice to achieve nirvanaA major differences btwn Buddhism and Hinduism was that....47
7448419960its monastic communityBuddhism spread primarily because...48
7448422338AshokaWhich emperor sent out monks to spread the Buddhist religion?49
7448436296the rise of the MauryansAlexander the Great's invasion of India led to50
7448451033Hinduism showed its adaptability by emphasizing its mystical side, thus retaining the loyalties of many IndiansBuddhism lost its appeal and influence in Guptan India in part because...51
7448523170intensified and began to differ from region to regionOver time in classical India, castes....52
7448553374the Hindu social hierarchyIn Mesopotamia, the cuneiform culture of the Mesopotamians assimilated invaders and provided continuity. The same role in India was performed by...53
7448575489was worshiped as a divinityAfter his death, Buddha...54
7448569069the degree to which the occupation was considered pollutingWhat determined a person's place within the Indian social hierarchy?55
7448584193Buddhists rejected the caste system and admitted untouchables and women as members of the faithWhat was the attitude of Buddhism toward the caste system?56
7448586998merchants, women, and artisansWhich groups did Ashoka's social policies tend to benefit?57
7448607415The Brahmans recovered their former positions of dominance throughout Indian society as teachers, political administrators, and religious authoritiesWhat was the status of Brahmans under the Guptas?58

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