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AP World History: Mesoamerica Flashcards

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5355188583Mayan EmpireBegan in 1800 BCE, Yucatan Peninsula, central america0
5355189777Incan Empire1200 CE, Cuzo1
5355192485Aztec Empire1200 CE, Tenotitchilan Mexico2
5355195286Aztec Womentake care of the home, weave textiles, and raise the children3
5355196149Aztec CapitalTenotitchilan4
5355201034Religion(Mayan)Polytheistic - supreme god was named Itzamna; deities had human characteristics - human sacrifice to appease the gods5
5355201932Religion(Aztec)polytheistic - belief in the existence of two worlds - if the people performed human sacrifices they believed Huitzilopochtli, the sun god would delay the destruction of the world a little longer.6
5355203871Religion(Inca)Polytheistic; gods consisted of the sky, inner earth, and outer earth. Believed that heaven was real and prepared people for afterlife through mummification. No sacred place for the dead: Coricancha : Inca temple complex located in the capital city of Cuzco7
5355205608HorsesWhat animal did the Spaniards have with them that surprised the Aztecs?8
5355207600MaizeWhat were the most common crops traded by the Mayans?9
5355208769the sacred ball courtThroughout Mesoamerica, a dangerous game was played on ball courts. A large ball of solid rubber was propelled from the hip at such tremendous speed that players had to wear extensive padding. More than athletic contest, the game had religious significance. The court is thought to have represented the cosmos and the ball the sun, and the losers were sacrificed in post game ceremonies.10
5355210980HieroglyphicsMayan Writing system11
5355213605PietographsAztecs writing system12
5355215616Hernan CortesWho conquered the Aztecs?13
5355217121Francisco PizzaroWho conquered the Incas?14
5355218452The Aztecs:GoldWhich of the three civilizations had a set monetary system?15
5355220433Mayan Intellectual AchievementsMathematics: created the number 0 Irrigation Pyramids/ temples: architecture 365 day calendar astronomy , art, writing16
5355222556Aztec Intellectual AchievementsPyramid dedicated to the sun God Writing but no alphabet (pictographs) 2 calendars 1 for time and 1 for religious events Overall strict laws17
5355223930Inca Intellectual AchievementsInca highway art , jewelry, terrace, pottery, woven fabrics medicine , road networks Architecture and irrigation systems Medicine: patients unconscious during surgery18
535522657718 Rabbit18 Rabbit was a Mayan King ordered the construction of a grand palace requiring more than 30,000 person-days of labor.19
5355227952Mitaa special system in which the Incas used. This system required all male peasants under Inca control to do unpaid work for the Inca government for a specified period of time each year. The system allowed to Incas to build all the roads and temples that they had. Later in history, the Spanish adopted this system but altered it and left it in bad condition.20
5355229813Aztec Human SacraficeIn order to postpone the day of reckoning, the aztecs practiced human sacrifice. The Aztecs believed that by appeasing the sun god, Huitzilopochtli, with sacrifices, they could delay the final destruction of their world. Victims were prepared for the ceremony through elaborate rituals and then brought to the holy shrine, where their hearts were ripped out of their chests and presented to the Gods as a holy offering.21
5355231276The Stone of the SunA massive stone disk carved for use at the central pyramid at Tenochtitlan. It was a representation of the gods and bas-reliefs depicting religious ceremonies.22
5355232170Chinampasis a type of Mesoamerican agriculture which used small, rectangular areas of fertile arable land to grow crops on the shallow lake beds in the Valley of Mexico.23
5355233211Mayan Declineinvasion, internal revolt, natural disease.24
5355234653Which three virtues did Quetzalcoatl represent?Creation, virtue, learning and culture.25
5355235613It was easy for the Spanish to overcome the Aztecs because they have never seen men in armor or horses so they believed it was their god. The Spanish overcame the Incas easily smallpox had already started to affect them therefore Pizarro captured the ruler and threaten to kill him once he got what he wanted he killed Atahualpa and the empire fell.Why was it so easy for the Spanish to overcome the Aztecs and the Incas?26
5356809031Incan Record SystemQuipus27
5356812148Who took over Chichen Itza?The Toltecs, led by Kukulcan28
5356828376Mayan Government Stylearistocratic monarchs29
5356831896Aztec Government Styleauthoritarian → power in monarch (divine and secular)30
5356833322Incan Government StylePachacuti (ruler) → highly centralized state31

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