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| 11826778220 | Syncretism | a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith | 0 | |
| 11826778221 | Specialization of Labor | To train or specialize people in certain areas of work so that people can accomplish tasks quicker | 1 | |
| 11826778222 | Hunter / Gatherer | People who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive | 2 | |
| 11826778223 | Domestication | the taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food | 3 | |
| 11826778224 | Pastoral Nomadism | A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals. | 4 | |
| 11826778225 | Filial Piety | In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. | 5 | |
| 11826778226 | Confucius | (551-479 BCE) A Chinese philosopher known also as Kong Fuzi and created one of the most influential philosophies in Chinese history. | 6 | |
| 11826778227 | Qin and Han Dynasty | unify China and establish a centralized empire, which endures and evolves down through 20th century | 7 | |
| 11826778228 | Daoism | A religion in China which emphasizes the removal from society and to become one with nature. | 8 | |
| 11826778229 | Bureaucracy | a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives. | 9 | |
| 11826778230 | Patriarchy | a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. | 10 | |
| 11826778231 | Silk Road | Connected China, India, and the Middle East. Traded goods and helped to spread culture. | 11 | |
| 11826778232 | Monsoons | seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons | 12 | |
| 11826778233 | Reincarnation | In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding | 13 | |
| 11826778234 | Vedas and Upanishads | Sacred writings of Hinduism interpreted by priests called Brahman. | 14 | |
| 11826778235 | Caste System | a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society | 15 | |
| 11826778236 | Ashoka | Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing. (p. 184) | 16 | |
| 11826778237 | Karma | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation | 17 | |
| 11826778238 | Gupta and Mauryan dynasty | were the most successful empires of Ancient India. | 18 | |
| 11826778239 | Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms | 19 | |
| 11826778240 | Buddhism | the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth | 20 | |
| 11826778242 | Zoroastrianism | A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail. | 21 | |
| 11826778243 | Hellenistic Period | that culture associated with the spread of Greek influence as a result of Macedonian conquests; often seen as the combination of Greek culture with eastern political forms | 22 | |
| 11826778244 | Roman Republic | Government ruled by a senate, spoke Latin, and borrowed heavily from Greek culture. They militarily expanded their territory for centuries but the senate eventually was overthrown by an imperial system. | 23 | |
| 11826778245 | Polis | A city-state in ancient Greece. | 24 | |
| 11826778246 | Aristotle, Socrates, Plato | Greek philosophers | 25 | |
| 11826778247 | Peloponnesian War | (431-404 BCE) The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north. | 26 | |
| 11826778248 | Polynesia | a subregion of Oceania, made up of more than 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. | 27 | |
| 11826778249 | Animism | The belief that bodies of water, animals, trees, and other natural objects have spirits | 28 | |
| 11826778250 | Bedouin Culture | focus on poetry - shared orally, no written lang. religion was blend of animism and polytheism recognized Allah, who was adopted into islam gods associatred w/ night - cool, dew, shelter, etc religion little to do with ethics - had code of honor | 29 | |
| 11826778251 | Mecca and Medina | Islamic holy cities; Mecca is the birthplace of Muhammad and the city all Muslims turn to in prayer; Medina is where Muhammad was first accepted as the Prophet, and where his tomb is located | 30 | |
| 11826778252 | Muhammad | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) | 31 | |
| 11826778253 | Qur'an | the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic. | 32 | |
| 11826778254 | Crusades | A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule. | 33 | |
| 11826778255 | Golden Age of Islam | A time during the Abbasid Dynasty (with a capital in Baghdad) when the arts and intellectualism were flourishing. Astronomy, surgery, etc. were all having inventions in their fields, and Baghdad was a center of intellectualism. | 34 | |
| 11826778256 | Black Death | the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe | 35 | |
| 11826778257 | Stateless Societies | cultural groups in which authority is shared by lineages of equal power instead of being exercised by a central government | 36 | |
| 11826778258 | Songhay Kingdom | The Songhay people dominated the middle reaches of the Niger valley. Songhay became an independent state in the seventh century. By 1010, the rulers were Muslims and had a capital at Gao. Songhay won freedom from Mali by the 1370s and prospered as a trading state. An empire was formed under Sunni Ali (1464-1492), a great military leader, who extended rule over the entire middle Niger valley. He developed a system of provincial administration to secure the conquests. Sunni Ali's successors were Muslim rulers with the title of askia; by the mid-sixteenth century, their state dominated the central Sudan. Daily life followed patterns common in savanna states; Islamic and indigenous traditions combined. Men and women mixed freely; women went unveiled and young girls at Jenne were naked. Songhay remained dominant until defeated by Moroccans in 1591. Other states that combined Muslim and pagan ways rose among the Hausa of northern Nigeria. In the fourteenth century, the first Muslim ruler of Kano made the Hausa city a center of Muslim learning. Along with other Hausa cities, Kano followed the Islamic-indigenous amalgam present in the earlier grasslands empires. Traders and other Muslims widely spread influences, even in regions without Islamic states. | 37 | |
| 11826778259 | Benin | a kingdom that arose near the Niger River delta in the 1300s and became a major West African state in the 1400s | 38 | |
| 11826778260 | Kievan Rus | A monarchy established in present day Russia in the 6th and 7th centuries. It was ruled through loosely organized alliances with regional aristocrats from. The Scandinavians coined the term "Russia". It was greatly influenced by Byzantine | 39 | |
| 11826778262 | Empress Wu | Tang ruler 690-705 CE in China; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created | 40 | |
| 11826778263 | Zen Buddhism | Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural and artistic beauty | 41 | |
| 11826778264 | Neo-Confucianism | term that describes the resurgence of Confucianism and the influence of Confucian scholars during the T'ang Dynasty; a unification of Daoist or Buddhist metaphysics with Confucian pragmatism | 42 | |
| 11826778265 | Grand Canal | Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long. | 43 | |
| 11826778266 | Junks | Chinese ships, particularly from the 1400s, are often called these. It was a sturdy Chinese ship design and the largest of its kind were treasures ships that could carry a thousand tons of cargo. | 44 | |
| 11826778267 | Champa Rice | Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (as part of the tributary system.) | 45 | |
| 11826778268 | Foot binding | Chinese practice of tightly wrapping girls' feet to keep them small, begun in the Tang dynasty; an emphasis on small size and delicacy was central to views of female beauty. | 46 | |
| 11826778269 | Sinification | spread of Chinese culture | 47 | |
| 11826778270 | Taika Reforms | Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. | 48 | |
| 11826778271 | Tales of the Genji | argued the heritage of ancient Japan was one of natural spontaneity in feelings and spirit -ran counter to imported Chinese Confucianism | 49 | |
| 11826778272 | Samurai | Class of warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble in return for land. | 50 | |
| 11826778273 | Shogunate | The japanese system of centralized government under a shogun, who exercised actual power while the emperor was reduced to a figurehead. | 51 | |
| 11826778274 | Daimyo | A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai | 52 | |
| 11826778275 | Silla Dynasty | The dynasty in Korea that rallied to prevent Chinese domination in the seventh century CE. | 53 | |
| 11826778276 | Trung Sisters | leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 CE; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society | 54 | |
| 11826778277 | Feudalism | A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land | 55 | |
| 11826778278 | Manors | Large farm estates of the Middle Ages that were owned by nobles who ruled over the peasants living in the land | 56 | |
| 11826778279 | Trade Guilds | the Medieval equivalent to modern-day unions, which protected the rights of tradespeople and craftsmen throughout much of Europe. They served as producers of cycle plays at such events as the Corpus Christi festivals. | 57 | |
| 11826778280 | Hanseatic League | An economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century. | 58 | |
| 11826778281 | Columbian Exchange | An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa. | 59 | |
| 11826778282 | Battle of Lepanto | (1571) Spain defeated the Turkish navy off the coast of Greece-ended Ottoman threat in Mediterranean, Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571 by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope | 60 | |
| 11826778283 | Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought | 61 | |
| 11826778284 | 1492 | Columbus/Reconquista of Spain | 62 |
