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| 8476917689 | What are the time spans and titles given to the first three periods that we have studied in World History? | Neolithic Period (ends in 600 BCE) Classical Period (600 BCE-600 CE) Post-Classical Period (600 CE-1400) | 0 | |
| 8476917690 | Why are artifacts important to historians? | Helps show what the lives were like of those before us because most written documents have been destroyed Show how people lived and are especially important if there were no written records of the people. | 1 | |
| 8476917691 | Why are there few records and artifacts from Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, the first elaborate towns before the Neolithic Period? | They disappeared for an unknown cause and Arians take over | 2 | |
| 8476917692 | What was the Neolithic Revolution? What are some examples of Neolithic technology? | Transition from Hunting and gathering to settled agriculture. people slowly began to settle in small communities and practice agriculture (plow use, wheel, stored extra food in pottery, hunting and gathering had more free time) | 3 | |
| 8476917693 | What was the first example of codified law? In general, how could the laws and punishments be described? | Cod of Hammurabi - (harsh) if you broke the law you die | 4 | |
| 8476917694 | What was the purpose of pyramids in Egypt? How does this represent the Egyptian view on afterlife? | Tombs for pharaohs, buried with everyday possessions because they believe they can take them to the afterlife | 5 | |
| 8476917695 | Why were rivers so important to the earliest civilizations? (e.g. Nile River) | source of food irrigation water and transportation, good for soil nutrients (good for farming because it would flood) | 6 | |
| 8476917696 | In what way was the flooding of the Nile different than the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? | When the Nile flooded, it deposited fertile soil for agriculture which led to consistent food sources The Nile's flooding was cyclical but the Tigris and Euphrates' was unpredictable | 7 | |
| 8476917697 | What was the purpose of ziggurats? | Religious purpose in mesopotamia (between tigris and euphrates) | 8 | |
| 8476917698 | What are the characteristics of a civilization? (e.g. complex religions) | trade agriculture organized government projects formation of cities record keeping (writing) | 9 | |
| 8476917699 | Despite trade amongst the earliest civilizations, how could you explain the reason for unique cultures (e.g. language) in the different regions? | Development of unique cultures depended on geographical location | 10 | |
| 8476917700 | What innovation was started by the Phoenicians? How were they responsible for spreading this new idea? | Alphabet They had colonies in northern Africa and engage in trade on Mediterranean sea | 11 | |
| 8476917701 | Why was Zoroastrianism unique and where did it begin? | One of the earliest monotheistic religions began at Persia prior to islam | 12 | |
| 8476917702 | What are the differences between Judaism and the early Vedic religions? | judaism was Monotheism and vedic was polytheistic | 13 | |
| 8476917703 | What three classical philosophies dominated China during the Warring States period? Briefly describe the teachings of each. | Daoism Confucianism and Legalism (under zhou) D: becoming one with nature C: practical; how one should act; addresses relationships; filial piety L: order, strict, belief humans are inclined to do wrong. | 14 | |
| 8476917704 | Specifically, how do Daoism and Confucianism differ? | D: addresses nature and being one with nature C: addresses order and what you do and proper relationships | 15 | |
| 8476917705 | Describe the treatment of women in classical India and China. | - Women are highly regarded in the household - Men have power but women take care of home and are well respected | 16 | |
| 8476917706 | Describe the political theme of classical India. | Decentralized, diverse culturally and geographically which makes it difficult to unite. | 17 | |
| 8476917707 | Compare and contrast Hinduism with Buddhism. | BOTH: believe in dharma and karma and reincarnation (nirvana and moksha) B: doesn't accept caste system. H: accepts caste system | 18 | |
| 8476917708 | What periods of classical China and India are referred to as a 'golden age'? | Han and Guptas | 19 | |
| 8476917709 | Compare and contrast the Mauryan and Gupta dynasties in India. | - Marian dynasty is larger and has better leaders. - started by Chandragupta (later had Ashoka) - Guptus know as "Golden Age" smaller, peaceful, thriving; has time for new ideas; advancements in technology; DEVELOPMENT OF NUMERICAL SYSTEM - both: both unified subcontinent and promoted political stability | 20 | |
| 8476917710 | Describe India's caste system. | Caste system: born into caste; divided based on occupation | 21 | |
| 8476917711 | Describe the following during the post-classical period in Eurasia: | Silk Road - thrives Black Plague - spreads through interaction Technology - spreads and improves Western Europe - "dark ages" | 22 | |
| 8476917712 | What was unique about the Indian Ocean that made it such an important zone of trade? | Monsoons were consistent which made it reliable for trade | 23 | |
| 8476917713 | What significantly impacted the growth of Kush, Axum and Ethiopia in northern Africa? | Divine kingship allowed them to grow, agriculture, trade | 24 | |
| 8476917714 | How did the role of women change in Islam from 613 to 1500 AD? | pre islamic: competitive and tough life (hunting and gathering, women were needed to provide so they had a lot of rights.) cities develope: men start controlling society and women lose rights Bedouin society: women went out and worked, no veil, didn't have money for womens to be in harems all day | 25 | |
| 8476917715 | What was the primary weakness of the early Arab and Muslim empires? | They couldn't agree on a ruler (bc of shia sunni split) | 26 | |
| 8476917716 | What Roman emperor divided Rome into east and west? | Why did the east experience fewer declines? Declension - had contact with india and closer to china | 27 | |
| 8476917717 | How did the Byzantine Empire form? Describe Justinian's rule. | From eastern roman empire, Hagia sophia, tries to conquer west and bring back holy land, wife theodora | 28 | |
| 8476917718 | How did Hellenism influence the Byzantine Empire? | (by alexander the great) formed by blending of greek and other cultures. | 29 | |
| 8476917719 | How did Kievan Rus form? | Trade route down used by scandinavians down to byzantine empire | 30 | |
| 8476917720 | What religion did Vladimir I choose for Kievan Rus and why? | Orthodox bc tied to strong state, if he chose to ally with pope the pope would influence them, also so he can drink | 31 | |
| 8476917721 | Describe the art of the Byzantine Empire (e.g. iconography). | Halos around religious figures (blue and gold) | 32 | |
| 8476917722 | Describe Charlemagne's rule and how it impacted western Europe. | Focuses on education ally himself with the church and created empire. When he dies no one can maintain large empire. Feudalism forms | 33 | |
| 8476917723 | Why did feudalism develop? What was exchanged between the greater lords and their vassals? | Western Roman Empire fell and the people were in a state of chaos and needed some form of a political system to defend themselves the greater lords granted land in exchange for service and loyalty from a vassal | 34 | |
| 8476917724 | How did William the Conqueror impact western Europe? | From france and invades england and take large part of land, become monarch overseeing feudalism | 35 | |
| 8476917725 | How did the Magna Carta impact England (and eventually Europe and what would become the United States)? | Creates idea of limited monarch, king follows laws like everyone else, | 36 | |
| 8476917726 | How were scholasticism and Thomas Aquinas important to the Church in Europe? | Used logic and reason to justify religion and church by saying that god rules over the universe. | 37 | |
| 8476917727 | What were the Crusades? How did they impact Europe and the Muslim empires differently? | series of military adventure launched by wester christians to free the holy land from the muslims established christian kingdoms; Benefit Christian Europeans ??????????? | 38 | |
| 8476917728 | How were the Mayans and Incas similar to the early river valley civilizations? | At beginning stages, not complex | 39 | |
| 8476917729 | How did conquistadors (e.g. Pizarro and Cortez) impact the Americas? What were their motivations? | Pizarro conquers incas and cortez conquers Aztec empire..????? | 40 | |
| 8476917730 | Why did the Mayans and Incas practice human sacrifice? | Religious, used religion to justify control of people | 41 | |
| 8476917731 | What impact did America's isolation have on its status in the post-classical period? | Its way behind and vulnerable to disease | 42 | |
| 8476917732 | ESSAY: What were three changes that took place as a result of the Neolithic Revolution? | - Increase in reliable food supplies * Agricultural skills allowed people to control food production * Domestication of animals * both helped to make agricultural production more efficient and increased the availability of food. - Rapid increase in total human population * Reliable food supplies meant that people were less likely to starve to death * Life spans increased which allowed an increase in reproduction * more children meant that there were more people to tend the land and animals. - Job specialization * Other occupations than farming developed * fewer people were needed to produce food * many looked to other jobs such as priests, traders, and builders. | 43 | |
| 8476917733 | ESSAY: Describe three trade routes during the classical period. Explain where the trade route was located, who engaged in trade and what was exchanged in each. | THE SILK ROAD - extended from western China, across Central Asia, and finally to the Mediterranean area - linked China with the west - carried goods and ideas between Rome and China - Chinese silk was the most desired item, but the Chinese were willing to trade it for other goods, particularly for horses from Central Asia - Silk came westward, while wools, gold, and silver went to China THE INDIAN OCEAN TRADE - The Indian Ocean Trade was actively in place during the classical era. - connected eastern Africa and the Middle East with India; India to Southeast Asia; and Southeast Asia to the Chinese port of Canton. - traded gold, ivory, and iron SAHARAN TRADE - Connected people that lived south of the Sahara to the Mediterranean and the Middle East - The Berbers were the most important agents of trade -They carried goods in camel caravans to Cairo, making it a major trade center - salt was a major item traded | 44 | |
| 8476917734 | ESSAY: Compare and contrast methods of political control in TWO of the following empires in the Classical period: Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) *Gupta India (320 B.C.E.-550 C.E.) *Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E.-476 C.E.) | GUPTA CHINA - Hinduism/caste system - very little social mobility IMPERIAL ROME - Christianity - Law Codes - unstable borders - allowed for social mobility BOTH - decentralized - internal revolts - strong military | 45 | |
| 8476917735 | ESSAY: Compare and contrast the effects of Mongol rule on TWO of the following regions: China *Middle East *Russia | MIDDLE AGES - infrastructure damaged - tolerant of islam RUSSIA - Golden Horde established a khanate in Russia and maintained control - aristocracy power - tolerated Russian Orthodox - Moscow grows/Kiev declines, - heavy tax - independent princedoms (splits into different areas of rule) BOTH - Pax Mongelica - tolerance for religion - trade increases - tolerant | 46 | |
| 8476917736 | tigris and euphrates cililization | mesopotamia (assyrians, babylonians) | 47 | |
| 8476917737 | nile civilization | egytians (nubians) | 48 | |
| 8476917738 | indus civilization | indians (aryans and Maryan) | 49 | |
| 8476917739 | yellow civilization | chinese (mongols) | 50 | |
| 8476917740 | the idea that human history is inimal compared to world history is called | big history | 51 | |
| 8476917741 | which of the following represents the most advanced stage of human evoluction | homo sapiens sapiens | 52 | |
| 8476917742 | what was the first hominid to travel outside of sfrica | homo erectus | 53 | |
| 8476917743 | by the paleolithic age humans had colonized | all of the continents except Antarctica | 54 | |
| 8476917744 | most human societies in the paleolithic age consisted of | small groups of hunters and gathers | 55 | |
| 8476917745 | which of the following technologies was not developed in the early paleolithic period | pottery to store food and water surpluses | 56 | |
| 8476917746 | in hunting and gathering bands, labor | was divided according to gender | 57 | |
| 8476917747 | the transformation that was most responsible for moving humans toward civilization was the | rise of agriculture | 58 | |
| 8476917748 | the emergence of sedentary agriculture | began in the middle east first, but developed independently in other areas | 59 | |
| 8476917749 | which of the following is not considered to have developed from or been accelerated by cuneiform and other types of writing | the reduction in social stratification | 60 | |
| 8476917750 | the agricultural revolution allowed all of the following transformations in human culture to take place except | a decline in specialized artists and craftsmen | 61 | |
| 8476917751 | the neolithic revolution caused the population of humans to | increase from 8million to 60million or 70million | 62 | |
| 8476917752 | hunting and gathering became more specialized in the neolithic revolution caused the population of humans to | pastoralism and agriculture | 63 | |
| 8476917753 | which of the following is not an example of improvements in agriculture production, trade, and tranportation | bow and arrow | 64 | |
| 8476917754 | which of the following areas was not one of the earliest civilization to develop | west africa | 65 | |
| 8476917755 | agriculture and pastoralism transformed human societies by | creating more abundant food suplies which increased population | 66 | |
| 8476917756 | during the neolithic revolution agriculture was tied to social change in which of the following ways | agriculture productivity encouragesd social stratification and the formation of elites | 67 | |
| 8476917757 | as early civilizations began to emerge the creation of agriculture surplus resulted in | heightened social inequalities | 68 | |
| 8476917758 | the earliest afro-eurasian civilizations all | were located near sources of fresh water | 69 | |
| 8476917759 | the earliest towns such as catal huyuk developed in | the middle east | 70 | |
| 8476917760 | in comparison to the position of women in hunting and gathering societies the social status of women in sedentary agriculture communities | declined | 71 | |
| 8476917761 | the first civilization to emerge in the middle east was created by the | sumerians | 72 | |
| 8476917762 | as the first states emerged within core civilizations | those with a larger population and greater resources were able to expand | 73 | |
| 8476917763 | less is known about the harappan civilization or that of the indus valley than sumer and egypt because | the writing of the indus and harappan civilizations has never been deciphered | 74 | |
| 8476917764 | what similarities linked the shang chinese, aryan, and classical egyptian civilizations | all three saw their rulers as semi-divine intermediaries between the afterlife and earth | 75 | |
| 8476917765 | Mohenjo-Darro and Harappa were large cities found in the | indus river valley | 76 | |
| 8476917766 | which of the following events disrupted middle eatern cvilizations between 2100BCE | indo-european invasions and migrations introduced new ideas and products | 77 | |
| 8476917767 | cuneiform the earliest know writing in a civilization first developed in | mesapotamia | 78 | |
| 8476917768 | what invention of the Phoenicians exerted lasting influence in the meditterranean region | a simplified trading alphabet spread throughout their colonies | 79 | |
| 8476917769 | jewish monotheism | emphasized a just and orderly monotheistic god | 80 | |
| 8476917770 | the features of the jewish concept of religion influenced religious observance and tradition in the middle east in all of the following ways except | an emphasis on the importance jews place on coverting non-jews | 81 | |
| 8476917771 | Hammurabi's Code can be characterized as a harsh system of laws that | reflected existing hierarchies and facilitated government rule | 82 | |
| 8476917772 | the Vedic religion which gave root to many Hindu traditions developed in the | indus river valley | 83 | |
| 8476917773 | the writing in egypt that was used religiously and oftentime written on papyrus was | hieroglyphs | 84 | |
| 8476917774 | the olmecs can be described as | being the first mesoamerican village with well-known large stone heads | 85 | |
| 8476917775 | the rationalization for the overthow of the shang based on the principles of devine judgement was | divine winds | 86 | |
| 8476917776 | unlike the mesopotamian ziggurats the pyramids were primarily for | royal burials | 87 | |
| 8476917777 | which of the following statements most accurately describes the impact of the indo-europeans on the ancient civilizations of the middle east | they came in successive waves disrupted the civilizations of egypt and mesipotamia and introduced the use of iron | 88 | |
| 8476917778 | why was chinese writing referred to as the key to the creation of the distinctive chinese identitiy | china had many languages but only one writing system | 89 | |
| 8476917779 | which of the following was a result of the period of the political confusion following the fall of the zhou dynasty | chinese civilization failed to produce another dynasty for centuries | 90 | |
| 8476917780 | which of the following represents the phisolophical viewpoint of Laozi | humans ought to retreat from society and seek oneness with nature | 91 | |
| 8476917781 | for both legalism and Confucianism which of these was a key virtue | service to the state | 92 | |
| 8476917782 | daoism and confucianism were able to coexist because | they applied to different facets of life | 93 | |
| 8476917783 | which of these first emerged as a distinct and powerful class under the han rulers | scholar-gentry | 94 | |
| 8476917784 | shi huangdi | worried so much about controlling ideas in the qin state that he proposed the burning of all books other than legalist tracts and a few other official volumes | 95 | |
| 8476917785 | what was the status of women during the han dynasty | despite the confucian requirement for females deference to males women had their own clearly defined roles in the family and could sometimes gain power through thrir sons and as mother-in-law | 96 | |
| 8476917786 | which of the following statements most accurately describes the degree of urbanization in han china | china may have been the most urbanized civilization in the world with many large cities numbering in the thousands | 97 | |
| 8476917787 | sanskrit came to have a special place in south asian society, largely because it was the language of | the Vedas | 98 | |
| 8476917788 | How did Asoka's changes in governing policy affect the Maurya empire | the change brought lasting peace and helped unite his empire | 99 | |
| 8476917789 | which of the following statements best describes the early kingdoms established in northern india | most of them were republics ruled collectively by a council made up of the free warrior elite | 100 | |
| 8476917790 | what was the key function that assured the authority of the brahmans in the southern kingdoms | only the brahmans were capable of performing the rituals and sacrifices that obliged the gods to intervene in human affairs | 101 | |
| 8476917791 | the role of what group in south asia was threatened by the buddha's faith | brahmans | 102 | |
| 8476917792 | buddhism can be characterized s __________ hinduism | developing on the same root principles as | 103 | |
| 8476917793 | which of these groups had a much higher status in south asian and the mediterranean than in china | merchants | 104 | |
| 8476917794 | both caste in south asia and confucian social hierarchies served the same purpose: they both served to _______ | structure society | 105 | |
| 8476917795 | buddhism presented a _______ the caste system | temporary challenge to | 106 | |
| 8476917796 | how did the Mauryan empire of Chandragupta compare to the aryan kingdoms that preceded it | it was vastly more centralized than the preceding kigdoms with a large standing army and administators in place of the regional lords | 107 | |
| 8476917797 | which of the following statements is not true concerning the persian religion of Zoroastrianism | it was polytheistic | 108 | |
| 8476917798 | like Hammurabi Cyrus the Great used ________ to bind his empire (persia) together | laws | 109 | |
| 8476917799 | Mahayana differed from Therevada in that | Mahayana worshiped Buddha as a god | 110 | |
| 8476917800 | the empire extending from greece to northwest india including persia and egypt was the empire of | Alexander the Great | 111 | |
| 8476917801 | which of the following statements most accurately reflects Alexander's plans for his new empire | alexander wanted to combine greek culture with asian culture to create a new Hellenistic culture | 112 | |
| 8476917802 | which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between classical chinese | the greeks placed more emphases on participation and less of bureaucrcy | 113 | |
| 8476917803 | all of the following defined the vedic and epic ages in india except | a focus on monotheism | 114 | |
| 8476917804 | socrates, aristole, and plato all approached knowledge by focusing on | reason | 115 | |
| 8476917805 | The lliad and the odyssey played the same roles in greek culture as the ________ played in aryan south asia | Vedas | 116 | |
| 8476917806 | what was Augustus' attitude toward the republican institutions after his establishment of the empire | Augustus retained many of the institutions and offices of the republic including the senate but took actual power in his hands | 117 | |
| 8476917807 | which of the following was rome's greatest political contribution | roman law (12 tables) | 118 | |
| 8476917808 | the main topic of the debate at ther coucil of nicaea was | the nature of christ | 119 | |
| 8476917809 | unlike the first great civilization of eurasia the first civilization of mesoamerica | was not a river valley civilization | 120 | |
| 8476917810 | the pyramids of Teotihuacan played a similar role to | Mesopotamian ziggurats | 121 | |
| 8476917811 | what was the cause of the deteriorating condition of the peasantry in the later Han China | the growing power of the great landholders to tax leading to growth serfdom | 122 | |
| 8476917812 | under the influence of _______ Mahayana differed from Buddhism in south asia | Vietnamese monks | 123 | |
| 8476917813 | which of these explains the institutional structures of christianity as compared to buddhism | the influence of roman government | 124 | |
| 8476917814 | both the Buddha and jesus appealed strongly to | the lower class | 125 | |
| 8476917815 | unskilled outcasts in the Han Dynasty who had almost no opportunity for social mobility and were punished severely were know as | mean people | 126 | |
| 8476917816 | the concept of a mandate of heaven to overthrown a dynasty was first introduced by the | zhou dynasty | 127 | |
| 8476917817 | which of the following is true of the civil servant exam during the han dynasty | only the wealthy recieved the high education necessary to pass | 128 | |
| 8476917818 | Daoism differed from confucianism because | spirituality and ironworking | 129 | |
| 8476917819 | the qin dynasty was characterized by | feudalism and an alliance syatem | 130 | |
| 8476917820 | Indian's political tradition | was characterized by regionalism and diversity | 131 | |
| 8476917821 | confucian and hindu values both | helped justify and preserve social inequality | 132 | |
| 8476917822 | The Mauryan dynasty differed from the Gupta dynasty in that | it ruled a large territory | 133 | |
| 8476917823 | what is attributed to the hindu gods | the caste system | 134 | |
| 8476917824 | both rome and the ancient greeks depended on slavery. One result of this was | both groups lacked technological advances | 135 | |
| 8476917825 | the edict of milan granted freedom of worship to all citizens of the roman empire under which emperor | constantine | 136 | |
| 8476917826 | greek politics resembled indian politics in | the tendency of regional fragmentaion | 137 | |
| 8476917827 | compared to chinese architecture greek and roman architecture | featured monumental styles | 138 | |
| 8476917828 | which of the following was not an important aspect of Paul's contribution to christianity | paul advocated for women as important leaders in the church | 139 | |
| 8476917829 | what was the status of Buddhism in india following the fall of the bupta empire | buddhism replaced hinduism as the primary religion of the indian population although it was outlawed by the ruling militaryprinces | 140 | |
| 8476917830 | which of the following would not be considered a sign of decay in the roman empire in the late 2nd century | roman christians could not agree on various aspects of ritual and doctrine | 141 | |
| 8476917831 | which of the following would not describe the rgions outside classical civiliations in india china ad the meditteranean | the americans developed their own distinct complex religion | 142 | |
| 8476917832 | which of the following was not a methid of transregional trade during the classical period | trans-atlantic trade using maritime improvements such as the dhow and lateen sail | 143 | |
| 8476917833 | the decline and fall of which classical civilization was least drastic | rome because the western roman empre will continue to thrive | 144 | |
| 8476917834 | which of the following cultures found in the arabian penisula was most significant in shaping the development of islam | bedouin | 145 | |
| 8476917835 | which of the following statements concerning inter-clan relations in bedouin society is most accurate | inter-clan violence over control of water and pasturage waas common | 146 | |
| 8476917836 | what was the result of inter-clan rivalries | it tended to weaken the bedouin in comparison to neighboring people and empires | 147 | |
| 8476917837 | what was the Ka'ba | the religious shrine that was the focus of an actual truce | 148 | |
| 8476917838 | what was the major difference between Medina and Mecca | political dominance in Medina was contested between a number of jewish and bedouin tribes | 149 | |
| 8476917839 | which of the following statements most accurately describes the status of women in bedouin society prior to islam | they enjoyed greater freedom and higher status than byzantine and Persian women | 150 | |
| 8476917840 | which of the following statements concerning the ethical system of early islam is not correct | the teachings of the prophet and the Quran were not normally incorporated into a body of law | 151 | |
| 8476917841 | the wars to defeat rival prophets and restore the unity of islam in the arabian penisula were called the | ridda wars | 152 | |
| 8476917842 | which of the following was not a reason for the early expansion of islam beyond arabia | the desire to convert new properties to islam | 153 | |
| 8476917843 | why did the arab warriors not want to convert large numebrs of people to islam | they would have had to share their booty and would have lost tax revenues | 154 | |
| 8476917844 | what was the result of the first civil was between ali and umayyads | despite early successes ali's faction disintergrated leading to an umayyad victory and ali's assassinatin | 155 | |
| 8476917845 | the political and theological faction within islam that recognized only ali and the descendants of the family of muhammad as rightful rulers was called | shi'a | 156 | |
| 8476917846 | what was the nature of citizenship within the umayyad empire | only muslim arabs were first-class citizens of this great empire | 157 | |
| 8476917847 | what was the umayyad attitude toward other religions | the umayyads displayed tolerance towards the religions of dhimmi peopler | 158 | |
| 8476917848 | what was the most significant of the transformations brought about by the abbasid's rise to power | the mawali were admitted as full members of the islamic comumunity | 159 | |
| 8476917849 | the abbasids moved the political center of their empire to | baghdad | 160 | |
| 8476917850 | what was the nature of the economy of the abbasid period | it was a period of general prosperity typified by urban growth and the restoration of the afro-eurasina trade | 161 | |
| 8476917851 | what was the primary culture contribution of the muslims during the abbasid period | the muslims were able to recover and preserve the works of the ancient philosophers as well as transmit ideas and culture from one civilization to another | 162 | |
| 8476917852 | what was the nature of the abbasid government | the abbasids outdid the umayyads in establishing an absolutist government symbolized by the growing powers of the wazirs and the sinister presence of the executioner | 163 | |
| 8476917853 | what was the initial response of the umayyads to muhannad's new faith | they regarded him as a threat to their wealth and power as he questioned to traditional gods of ka'ba | 164 | |
| 8476917854 | how did the administration of al-rashid set a trend for subsequent abbasid rulers | he was at the outset of his reign heavily dependent on persian advisors a practice that became commnplace thereafter | 165 | |
| 8476917855 | what was the result of the civil wars following the death of al-rashid | succession disputes led to build up of personal armies often of slave soldiers | 166 | |
| 8476917856 | what changes occured during the abbasid period with respect to women | the establishment of the harem | 167 | |
| 8476917857 | what was the attitude of the abbasids toward the institution of slavery | the abbasid elite demanding growing numbers of both male and female slaves for concubines and domestic service | 168 | |
| 8476917858 | whch of the following statements concerning women during the abbasid era is most accurate | women often married at puberty set at age nine | 169 | |
| 8476917859 | what accounts for succedd of the first crusade | muslim political fragmentation and the element of surprise | 170 | |
| 8476917860 | who was he muslim leader responsible for the reconquest of most of the territories belonging to the christian crusaders | saladin | 171 | |
| 8476917861 | what was the impact of the crusades on the christian west | a christian adopted military techniques, words, scientific learning, and araabic numerals among other things | 172 | |
| 8476917862 | what was the impact of the crusdaes on islam | in the long run there was little impact on islamic culture and society | 173 | |
| 8476917863 | which of the following statements concerning the ulama is most accurate | it stresses increasingly restrictive conservatism within islam, particularly with respect to scientific inquiry | 174 | |
| 8476917864 | which of the following statements concerning the sufi movement within islam is most accurate | the sufi movement was critical to the spread of islam while incorporating mysticism | 175 | |
| 8476917865 | what was the difference between the islamic invasions of india and previos incursions of the subcontinent | with the muslims the people of india encountered for the first time a large-scale influx | 176 | |
| 8476917866 | how did islam and hinduism differ | islam stressed the egalitarianism of all believers while hinduism embraced a caste-based social system | 177 | |
| 8476917867 | what was the most critical cultural advances as a result of the increased contact between muslims and indian civilizations | muslims adopted the indian system of mathematical notation | 178 | |
| 8476917868 | what groups were most responsiblefor the conversion of indians to islam | traders and sufi mystics | 179 | |
| 8476917869 | why were the sufis effective missionaries within the indian subcontinent | in both style and message they shared much with tndian mystics and wandering ascetics | 180 | |
| 8476917870 | what groups in india were most likely to convert to islam | buddhists and lower caste hindus | 181 | |
| 8476917871 | how did hinduism respond to the challenge of islam | hindu placed greater emphasis on the devotional or bhaktic cults of gods such as Shiva and Vishnu | 182 | |
| 8476917872 | islam was spread thoughout southeast asian by sufis from south asia so it incorporated | mysticism, animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism, | 183 | |
| 8476917873 | african societies orgnized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority were referred to as | stateless | 184 | |
| 8476917874 | what was the function of secret societies in african culture | because their membership cut across lineage divisions they axted to maintain stability within the community and diminsh clan feuds | 185 | |
| 8476917875 | which of the following was not a belief shared by practitioners of many indigenous african religions | a monotheistic belief | 186 | |
| 8476917876 | what region of africa was converted to islam by 700CE | north africa | 187 | |
| 8476917877 | what was the nature of the urbanization within the mali empire | Mali possessed "port cities" along the Niger river such as Timbuktu which flourished both commercially and culturally | 188 | |
| 8476917878 | what accounted for the downfall of songhay | invasion by a Moroccan Muslim army equipped with fireare=ms followed by internal revolts | 189 | |
| 8476917879 | what was the relationship between islam and the indigenous religions of africa | islam was able to accommodate pagan practices and beliefs in the early stages of conversion | 190 | |
| 8476917880 | how was the institution of slavery viewed in muslim society | in theory slavery was seen as a stage in the process of conversion of pagans to islam | 191 | |
| 8476917881 | how did contact with the muslim world affect the african slave trade | slavery became a more widely diffused phenomenon and the slave trade developed rapidly | 192 | |
| 8476917882 | what was the common cultural trait of the urbanized trading ports of thr east african coast | a single ruling family from the Malinke tribe | 193 | |
| 8476917883 | in what region of africa was the influence of islam most profound | west africa among yoruba and at benin | 194 | |
| 8476917884 | this lord of Mali made the epic hajj in which he spendt tons of gold in markets and given so much to people that the price of gold declined due to its ample supply | centrel africa | 195 | |
| 8476917885 | the ruler of the kingdom centered on Great ZImbabwe took the title of | mwene mutapa | 196 | |
| 8476917886 | which of the following statements concerning Great Zimbabwe is not correct | Great Zimbabwe was constructed by Arab Muslims who were trading with the Bantu residents of then region | 197 | |
| 8476917887 | what was the form of political organization of the kingdom of kongs | the kingdom of Kongo was a confederation of smaller states brought under the control of the king and divided into 8 provinces | 198 |
