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AP World History Midterm Review (Sheet) Flashcards

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8717256468Causes of the age of explorationTechnologies from the Islamic world and China, The building of ships and the drive to get spices, new ideas from the renaissance0
8717256469Portugal's role in the age of explorationExplores from Portugal explored the coast of Africa and went around the tip first to make it to India by Sea1
8717256470Importance of Vasco de GamaLet the trip around the southern most point of Africa he was the one who made it to India (Dias tried but failed)2
8717256471Caravel Ship(Portugal) key invention leading to trading. Multiple sails and faster. A deep ocean vessel3
8717256472Commercial RevolutionA change of business. expansion of trade and business. Included elements of capitalism or when trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit4
8717256473Mercantilismbelief in the benefits of profitable trading. A system where colonies of the mother country provide cheap labor and raw materials to the mother. mother than gives manufactured goods back5
8717256474Columbus voyage, details1492, miscalculations. Columbus was a religious man believed he was doing it for God. brought on the Columbian exchange6
8717256475Spanish government in the New WorldHad absolute ruling conquistadors they will rule over land and use the encomienda system7
8717256476cash crops in the AmericasThe three main were sugar cane, tobacco and cotton, raised in large quantities in order to be sold for profit.8
8717256477Encomienda Systemthe right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans in a particular area. The Spanish king allowed this9
8717256478Genocide in the Americas50-90% of native population was wiped out due to new diseases like smallpox also natives were overworked due to the encomienda10
8717256479Bartolome de Las CasasSpaniard who fought for Native American rights. He ended the encomienda system11
8717256480Effects of slave trade on AfricaStrongest tribes in Africa did not become enslaved. Tribes fought against each other, there were long-term negative effects and decentralization. Cultures lost their fittest members and families were torn apart.12
8717256481Colonization of North America, when and whereBritish on the East Coast (later), Dutch in the New York area, Spanish in the Caribbean, Florida and west coast13
8717256482BoersDutch settlers in South Africa become racist and dominant14
8717256483Distribution of slaves in the New WorldWent to Caribbean Puerto Rico and mainly Brazil15
8717256484Changes in the Ming DynastyWere isolated, Chinese merchants smuggled goods on to European ships Chinese manufacturing increases16
8717256485YongloMing emperor, son of Hongwu; continued many of his father's policies, although he moved the royal court to Beijing. Very curious about world, responsible for Zheng He's voyages17
8717256486Zheng HeA Chinese admiral and diplomat during Ming who voyaged overseas to promote trade and collect tribute. Had 7 expeditions18
8717256487Reason for decision to end voyagesTo preserve traditional Chinese ideas of isolation and Confucianism19
8717256488Matteo RicciItalian Jesuit who wanted to convert China to Christianity during the Ming dynasty. Was liked by Chinese because he could speak and write the language he worked in the Ming Court20
8717256489Qing Dynasty how it differs from Mingthe last imperial dynasty of China, started by a group that was not Chinese, the Manchus. Confucian beliefs were not used in the beginning, social structure changed. Manchus were better rulers then actual Chinese21
8717256490KangxiPowerful Manchu emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Gave Chinese intellectuals government positions he also employed Jesuits22
8717256491QianlongUnder him China reached its peak. He took care of problems, helped to secure Qing borders from nomads, removed the Christian missionaries, and the European merchants23
8717256492Qing policy on foreign tradeContinue the policy of isolation, accepted the dutch as their trading partner because they performed the kowtow. three ports were open to trade24
8717256493Arts in the Ming/QingThere were arts of writing, "dream of the red chamber". They painted and traditional styles. Drama was the most popular form of entertainment.25
87172564943 unifiers of JapanOda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu26
8717256495Kabuki Theatera popular drama of Japan characterized by elaborate costuming and rhythmic dialogue.27
8717256496Noh DramaReligious drama. Masks, Formal language, mime28
8717256497Urbanization in Edo PeriodBecause of isolation, they urbanize. The "Alternate attendance policy" of daimyo.29
8717256498Francis XavierJesuit missionary to Japan. Convert people to Christianity30
8717256499Changes under the Tokugawa periodClosed to trade. Rejected Christianity had to persecute Christians31
8717256500Closed court policyOnly one port was open for foreign traders Japan develop self sufficiently for 200 years32
8717256501New urban culture, examplesCommercial centers, job opportunity for women, population more than 1 million33
8717256502PhilippinesSoutheast Asia34
8717256503GaoIn Africa, Portugal base35
8717256504Macaoa Portuguese province on the south coast of China and two islands in the South China Sea36
8717256505Dutch East India CompanyGovernment-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. Create monopolies of Asia and other rich parts of the world37
8717256506British East India CompanyA joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. Create monopolies of Asia and other rich parts of the world38

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