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| 9209913213 | Scramble for Africa | Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts. |  | 0 |
| 9209913214 | Congo Free State | A large area in Central Africa that was privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium under direct rule. He was able to secretly treat the people of the colony very badly until he was forced to give it up. |  | 1 |
| 9209913215 | Berlin Conference | (1884-1885) During European Imperialism, various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. This began the process of imperializing Africa. |  | 2 |
| 9209913216 | British Raj | The name given to the period and territory of direct British colonial rule in South Asia between 1858 and 1947--from the time of the attempted Indian Revolt (Sepoy Mutany) to the Independence of India. |  | 3 |
| 9209913217 | Social Darwinism | A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background; racial ideology used to justify Imperialism |  | 4 |
| 9209913218 | Paternalism | A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights. |  | 5 |
| 9209913219 | Motives for Imperialism | Economic, Nationalism, Geopolitical, Exploration, & Ideology of Empire |  | 6 |
| 9209913220 | Imperialism | The deliberate process of economic, political, and sociocultural domination over peoples by other nations |  | 7 |
| 9209913221 | Unification of Italy & Germany | Both countries were established in the late 1800's; wanted to prove their strength through imperialism (nationalistic) |  | 8 |
| 9209913222 | Revolutions of 1848 | Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe, but the revolutions failed. Conservative governments now want to retain control by being as strong as possible |  | 9 |
| 9209913223 | Industrial Revolution | Desire for raw materials and new markets due to changes in technology and manufacturing that started in England in the 1750s--basis for the economic motivation for Imperialism |  | 10 |
| 9209913224 | Direct Rule | Ruled by individuals from the colonizing country |  | 11 |
| 9209913225 | Indirect Rule | Rule by native rulers who are controlled by the colonizing country; "Invisible Empire" |  | 12 |
| 9209913226 | Nationalism | Intense patriotism towards your country; desire to demonstrate power and prestige through Imperialism |  | 13 |
| 9209913227 | Geopolitical | Need to balance of power so that one country does not get too powerful |  | 14 |
| 9209913228 | Ideology of Empire | Justification of Imperialism with the feeling of superiority and obligation to "civilize" |  | 15 |
| 9209913229 | General Act of Berlin | Established rules for a colony to be claimed: 1) Could only own a colony if they possessed it 2) Need to make economic use of the colony 3) Must notify other nations |  | 16 |
| 9209913230 | Hostage System | Practice used in the Congo Free State where the wives of rubber collectors were held captive until their husbands collected their quota of rubber |  | 17 |
| 9209913231 | King Leopold II | King of Belgium who was active in encouraging the exploration of Central Africa in order to claim a colony; infamous ruler of the Congo Free State |  | 18 |
| 9209913232 | British East India Company | Indirectly ruled over India after being granted a royal charter to formally pursue trade; eventually became heavily involved in political and military life in India until 1857 when the British Government took direct control |  | 19 |
| 9209913233 | Rubber | The main economic commodity in the Congo Free State as demand for rubber products, such as cars and bicycles, increased in Europe |  | 20 |
| 9209913234 | Henry Morton Stanley | Famous explorer of Africa who was the first to cross the continent; he helped King Leopold II establish the Congo Free State. |  | 21 |
| 9209913235 | Sepoy | Indian soldiers hired by the British |  | 22 |
| 9209913236 | Sepoy Mutiny | Violent rebellion Indian revolting against British rule after their bullets were greased with cow and pig fat; resulted in the transformation of India into a direct rule colony under the British monarch Queen Victoria |  | 23 |
| 9209913237 | Queen Victoria | After the Sepoy Mutiny, was named the "Empress of India" |  | 24 |
| 9209913238 | Viceroy | Governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign; used in India |  | 25 |
| 9209913239 | "Jewel in the Crown" | the British colony of India- so called because of its importance in the British empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods |  | 26 |
| 9209913240 | Suttee | ritual suicide committed by women upon the death of the husband; outlawed in India by the British |  | 27 |
| 9209913241 | Battle of Adwa | (1896) Battle in which the Ethiopians defeated Italian colonial forces; |  | 28 |
| 9209913242 | Menelik II | Emperor of Ethiopia who played Italians, British, and French against each other while buying weapons from France and Russia. In the Battle of Adowa, Ethiopian forces successfully defeated the Italians and maintained their independence. |  | 29 |
| 9209913243 | Young Turks | movement of Turkish military and civilian elites that developed about 1900 and eventually brought down the Ottoman Empire | 30 | |
| 9209913244 | Young Ottomans | group of would-be reformers in the mid-19th c. Ottoman Empire that included lower-level officials, military officers and writers; they urged the extension of Westernizing reforms to the political system | 31 | |
| 9209913245 | Opium Wars | 2 wars fought between W. powers and China after China tried to restrict the importation of foreign goods, especially this product, China lost both wars and was forced to make major concessions | 32 | |
| 9209913246 | Taiping Uprising | massive Chinese rebellion that devastated much of China between 1850 and 1864; it was based on the millenarian teachings of Hong Xiuquan | 33 | |
| 9209913247 | Tanzimat Reforms | important reformist measures undertaken in the Ottoman Empire beginning in 1839; this term means "reorganization" | 34 | |
| 9209913248 | Samurai | armed retainers of the Japanese feudal lords, farmed for their martial skills and loyalty; in the Tokugawa shogunate, the samurai gradually became an administrative elite, but they did not lose their special privileges until the Meiji restoration | 35 | |
| 9209913249 | Tokugawa Japan | rulers of Japan from 1600-1868 | 36 | |
| 9209913250 | Mejii Restoration | the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan in 1868, restoring power to the emperor Meiji | 37 | |
| 9209913251 | Russo-Japanese War | ending in a Japanese victory, this war established Japan as a formidable military competitor in E. Asia and precipitated the Russian Revolution of 1905 | 38 | |
| 9209913252 | Matthew Perry | US navy commodore who in 1853 presented the ultimatum that led Japan to open itself to more normal relations with the outside world | 39 | |
| 9209913253 | Boxer Uprising | rebellion led by Chinese militia organizations in which large numbers of Europeans and Chinese Christians were killed; 1899-1901 | 40 | |
| 9209913254 | Abed al-Hamid II | Ottoman sultan who accepted a reform constitution at the start of his reign but suspended it shortly afterward, ruling as a reactionary autocracy for the next 3 decades | 41 |
