Terms : Hide Images
| 7964225857 | Sahel | Belt south of the Sahara; literally "coastland" in Arabic |  | 0 |
| 7964225858 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Portion of African continent lying south of the Sahara |  | 1 |
| 7964225859 | Steppe | An ecological region of grass- and shrub-covered plains that is treeless and too arid for agriculture. |  | 2 |
| 7964225860 | Savanna | Tropical or subtropical grassland. -Most extensive in sub-Saharan Africa but also present in South America. |  | 3 |
| 7964225861 | Tropical Rain Forest | High-precipitation forest zones -Americas, Africa, and Asia lying between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. |  | 4 |
| 7964225862 | Bantu Migrations | Spread south until they occupied most of Africa south of the equator. -originated in now modern Nigeria and Cameroon. - As part of an incremental process, their migrations were one of the most important in human history, spreading language, knowledge of agriculture and eventually, iron technology |  | 5 |
| 7964225863 | Hun Migrations | pastoral nomads from the central Asian Steppes -also known as Hsiung-nu, - lived in dry areas where sedentary agriculture was not possible. -incursions into China, India and the Mediterranean played a major role in the fall of these classical empires. |  | 6 |
| 7964225864 | Bantu | large group of sub-Saharan African languages and the people who speak them |  | 7 |
| 7964225865 | Germanic Migrations | Indo-European speakers who resided N of Rome and moved south, putting pressure on the Roman empire and spreading the Germanic language |  | 8 |
| 7964225866 | Polynesian Migrations | Austronesian-speaking people whose bawse maritime technology allowed them to establish settlements throughout Pacific ocean islands. -led to spread of language and agricultural knowledge -descendants built strong hierarchical chiefdoms in dense large island populations.Ex:Hawaii |  | 9 |
| 7964225867 | Monsoon | Seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean caused by the differences in temperature between the rapidly heating and cooling landmasses of Africa and Asia and the slowly changing ocean waters. -These strong and predictable winds have long been ridden across the open sea by sailors, -the large amounts of rainfall that they deposit on parts of India, Southeast Asia, and China allow for the cultivation of several crops a year. |  | 10 |
| 7964225868 | Qanat | type of underground irrigation canal between an aquifer on the Piedmont to a garden on an arid plain. -system is best known from Iran. -This is an old system of water supply from a deep well with a series of vertical access shafts. -still create a reliable supply of water for human settlements and irrigation in hot, arid, and semi-arid climates. |  | 11 |
| 7964225869 | Noria | a machine activated by water power and used for lifting water into a small aqueduct, for irrigation or for use in towns and villages. -commonly used for devices using the power of moving water |  | 12 |
| 7964225870 | Sakia | mainly used for irrigation - mechanical water lifting device which uses buckets, jars, or scoops fastened either directly to a vertical wheel, or to an endless belt activated by such a wheel. The vertical wheel is itself attached by a drive shaft to a horizontal wheel, which is traditionally set in motion by animal power (oxen, donkeys, etc.) |  | 13 |
| 7964225871 | Shaduf | irrigation - hand-operated device for lifting water, invented in ancient times and still used in India, Egypt, and some other countries to irrigate land. -Typically it consists of a long, tapering, nearly horizontal pole mounted like a seesaw |  | 14 |
| 7964225872 | Effects of Disease on Empires | 15 | ||
| 7964225873 | Yurts/Gers | portable felt huts of Turkish speaking nomadic people that lived in Altai Mountains(central asia) -moved east as trade became more important in Central Asia |  | 16 |
| 7964225874 | Stirrup | Device for securing a horseman's feet, enabling him to wield weapons more effectively. -First evidence of the use of stirrups was among the Kushan people of northern Afghanistan |  | 17 |
| 7964225875 | Great Traditions | Literate,well-established complex of religious and social beliefs and practices followed by diverse societies over broad area. -written language, common legal and belief systems, ethical codes, and other intellectual attitudes |  | 18 |
| 7964225876 | Small Traditions | Non-literate,localized customs and beliefs only followed by a single society. |  | 19 |
| 7964225877 | Hellenization | Deliberate spread of Greek culture -Alexander the great(fan of Greek culture) |  | 20 |
| 7964225878 | Berbers | Nomads that transversed the Saharan desert -most important agents of trans-Saharan trade -camel caravans with Cairo as most imp destination(connected to other trade routes there) |  | 21 |
| 7964225879 | Silk Road Cultural Diffusion | Chariot warfare,stirrup,music,population diversity,Buddhism,Christianity,wealth. |  | 22 |
| 7964225880 | Indian Ocean Cultural diffusion | -Lanteen sail:flattened triangle that allowed sailing far from the coast -Mixed trading class with broken homeland ties |  | 23 |
| 7964225881 | Saharan Trade Cultural Diffusion | Camel saddle-domestication of camel for trade |  | 24 |
| 7964225882 | Sogdiana | A city in China on the Western part of central Asia. -far from capital, Chang'an(4 month trek) -silk road connected china and middle east across Central Asia | | 25 |
| 7964225883 | Parthians | Iranian ruling dynasty -helped foster silk road(they are in Central Asia) |  | 26 |
| 7964225884 | Silk Road | Caravan routes connecting China and the Middle East across Central Asia and Iran. - no single route, consisted of a series of passages with common stops along the way | | 27 |
| 7964225885 | Indian Ocean Maritime System | network of seaports, trade routes, and maritime culture linking countries on the rim of the Indian ocean from Africa to Indonesia |  | 28 |
| 7964225886 | Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes | trading network that linked North Africa to sub-Saharan Africa across the Sahara. |  | 29 |
| 7964225887 | Trans Saharan trade | this route connected people that lived south of the Sahara to the Mediterranean and the Middle East | 30 | |
| 7964225888 | Sub-Saharan Trade | probably inspired by the Bantu migration, and by the end of the classical era people south of the Sahara were connected to people in the eastern and southern parts of Africa -Connected to the Indian Ocean trade along the eastern coast of Africa, which in turn connected the people of sub-Saharan Africa to trade centers in Cairo and India | | 31 |
| 7964225889 | Chinese goods-silk road | Silk-very popular(coveted by Roman woman) -Porcelain and paper -spices(important due to flavoring but also for drugs, anesthetics, and aphrodisiacs.) |  | 32 |
| 7964225890 | South east Asian goods-silk road | cinnamon, fine spices (cloves, nutmeat, mace, cardamom) |  | 33 |
| 7964225891 | South west Asian goods-silk road | sesame oil |  | 34 |
| 7964225892 | 3 Legs of Indian Ocean Trade | -one connected eastern Africa and the Middle East with India - another connected India to Southeast Asia - final one linked Southeast Asia to the Chinese port of Canton |  | 35 |
| 7964225893 | Major goods-Trans-Saharan | gold, salt, slaves |  | 36 |
| 7964225894 | Classical Trade networks | silk road,Indian ocean trade,Saharan trade,sub-Saharan trade. - look up the rest ya lazy |  | 37 |
| 7964225895 | Mediterranean trade | The Silk Road was probably the main trade route that goods were transported to and from the Mediterranean Sea |  | 38 |
| 7964225896 | Trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. It was sleek and light, powered by 170 oars arranged in three vertical tiers -manned by skilled sailors, it was capable of short bursts of speed and complex maneuvers -Premiere warship : Athenian crews with constant practice became the best in the eastern Mediterranean |  | 39 |
