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3194478116Julius Caesarpart of the triumvirate of Rome, took over rule, assassinated0
3194478117Pompeypart of the triumvirate, general in the Middle East1
3194478118Octavianstruggled for power after Julius Caesar died , given total control, first Roman emperor2
3194478119Constantine330 C.E. established Constantinople, similar to Roman Empire, legalized Christianity3
3194478120Justinianreorganized law code in Byzantine Empire, built public works4
3194478121Qin Shi Huangdi221 BCE leader of Qin Dynasty, strong military, standardization5
3194478122Chandragupta Maurya324 BCE established Mauryan Empire, enforced power of state and caste6
3194478123Asokaruled Mauryan Empire 265-238 BCE, expanded army, spread Buddhism7
3194478124Chandra Gupta I320 CE, founder of Gupta Empire, expanded in India8
3194478125Kumara Guptaruled Gupta Empire during "golden age", resurgence of Hinduism, flourishing9
3194478126Siddhartha Gautama563 BCE, pilgrimage, founder of Buddhism, renamed Buddha10
3194478127Wufemale emperor of Tang Dynasty, spread Buddhism11
3194478128Prince Shotoku TaismiJapan, promoted Buddhism, built temples, influenced government12
3194478129AugustineNorth Africa, theologian, emphasized prayer, beginning of monasticism13
3194478130King Clovisconverted France to Christianity 400s14
3194478131Charles Marlelstopped Muslim advance in Battle of Tours (Muslim vs Franks) 73215
3194478132Charlemagne800-led Holy Roman Empire16
3194478133Mansa Musa1324 King of Mali, hajj to Mecca17
3194478134Ibn Battutamid 1300s- traveled around Muslim world18
3194478135Pope Urban IIcalled for first crusades in 1095, Muslim vs Christian19
3194478136Saladindefeated Christians in Crusades, but allowed groups to coexist20
3194478137Emperor Yung Loleader of Ming Dynasty, promoted exploration, limited foreign access in 143321
3194478138Zheng Heled 7 grand voyages to Indian Ocean under Yung Lo of Ming Dynasty22
3194478139Genghis Khan1162- leader of Mongols, largest empire, expanded, ruthless23
3194478140Thomas Aquinasmid 1200s - combined logic and faith to promote Christians24
3194478141Johannes Gutenberg1455 created movable type25
3194478142Prince Henry the Navigatorleader of Portugal, promoted sailing around tip of Africa, sailing academies26
3194478143Vasco De Gama1498 Portugal- sailed around tip of Africa to India and traded27
3194478144Amerigo Vespuccisailed to new world for Portugal, realized it was separate continent28
3194478145Ferdinand Magellan1519- sailed for Spain to explore Pacific and landed in Philippines29
3194478146Abel Tasman1640s Dutch explorer to Australia30
3194478147James Cook1760s- British explorer sailed around Australia and Antarctica31
3194478148Hernan CortesSpanish conquistador, attacked Aztecs - mexico32
3194478149Francisco PizaroSpanish conqueror, dominated Incas in Peru33
3194478150Pedro Cabralnaval leader of Portugal in 1500s34
3194478151John Calvin1509-1564, Switz, opposed Catholic, idea of predestination35
3194478152King Henry VIIIking of England, unhappy with power of Pope, divorced wife, created Anglican Church36
3194478153King Henry IVking of France, converted to Catholicism and passed Edict of Nantes (religious tolerance to Catholics and Protestants)37
3194478154King Louis XIII1610- leader of France, Catholic, improved army and trade allies38
3194478155King Louis XIV1643-1715, absolute monarch, raised taxes, increased colonies, army, wealth39
3194478156Peter the GreatCzar of Russia, westernized, expanded40
3194478157Catherine the Great1762- ruler of Russia, considered herself enlightened, tight government control41
3194478158Lord Baltimore1632- established safe haven for Catholics in new world42
3194478159Mehmed II1453- conquered Constantinople , leader of Ottoman Turks43
3194478160Suleiman Ileader of Ottoman Turks, expanded into Europe44
3194478161Shah Abbas1588-1629 leader of Safavid Persia, built capital city Isfahan, strong military45
3194478162Nicholas CopernicusPolish scientific revolution, fixed calendar, discovered heliocentric model46
3194478163Johannes KeplerGerman scientific revolution, simplified Copernicus model, planets orbited in ellipses47
3194478164GalileoItalian scientific revolution, used telescope, supported heliocentric model48
3194478165Isaac NewtonEnglish scientific revolution, advanced in calc, gravity, supported other scientific ideas49
3194478166Thomas HobbesEnglish, "natural state of man" is chaotic, humans create government to provide order50
3194478167John LockeEnglish, "natural rights of man" are life, liberty, and property51
3194478168Charles IEnglish king ruled by divine right 1600s, put on trial and executed after English civil war, son of King James I52
3194478169Oliver Cromwellruled as dictator in England after Charles I53
3194478170King Charles IIruler of England after Oliver Cromwell, reinstated monarchy54
3194478171King James IIruler of England after King Charles II, has catholic son-parliament unhappy55
3194478172Mary and William of Orangerulers of England 1688, supported by parliament, Glorious Revolution56
3194478173Baron de Montesquieuseparation of powers57
3194478174King James Iking of England in 1600s58
3194478175Voltairefreedom of speech, press, religion59
3194478176Rousseaudemocracy, freedom of mankind (majority rules)60
3194478177Denis Diderotencyclopedia of Enlightenment ideas61
3194478178Adam Smithprotection of private property by government62
3194478179King Louis XVIruler of France by divine right, French Revolution63
3194478180Napoleontook control of France 1799, spread revolution ideas, increased empire, demanded loyalty64
3194478181Toussaint L'ouvertureex slave led slave revolts in Haiti65
3194478182Simon Bolivarfought in north of South America against Spain, dictated Peru after defeating Spain66
3194478183Jose de San Martinfought in south of South America against Spain67
3194478184Jethro Tullinvented seed drill 170168
3194478185James Hargreavesinvented spinning jenny69
3194478186Richard Arkwrightcrated water frame, harnessing water power70
3194478187Thomas Newcomeninvented steam engine for water pump71
3194478188James Wattcreated steam engines for commercial use72
3194478189George Stephensoninvented locomotive73
3194478190Nikola Teslainvented transmission without wires74
3194478191Thomas Edisoncreated filament, phonograph, fuses75
3194478192King Wilhelm Ileader of German unification in Prusssia76
3194478193Otto Von Bismarckprime minister of Germany, iron chancellor, behind the curtain77
3194478194David LivingstoneScottish, extensive exploration and proselytization, treated natives with respect78
3194478195Henry Stanleyjournalist into Africa, hired by Belgian King Leopold II to claim land79
3194478196King George VGB, went to India to be praised, darbar (public show of royal power)80
3194478197Sun Yat SenChinese nationalist, 3 principles of people81
3194478198Porfirio Diazdictator of Mexico oppressive of poor, exiled82
3194478199Alvaro Obregonended war in Mexico, took control and promoted reforms 192083
3194478200Archduke Franz Ferdinandassassinated by Serbians which was a direct cause of WWI84
3194478201Czar Alexander IIfreed serfs and established local government councils 186185
3194478202Czar Nicholas IIindustrialized Russia late 1800s86
3194478203Ernst Rohnled Hitler's paramilitary87
3194478204Francisco Francogeneral of "rightists" in Spanish civil war, supported by Germany, victorious - fascist dictatorship88
3194478205Neville ChamberlainGB prime minister allowed Germany to have Sudetenland to avoid war89
3194478206Erwin Rommelgeneral of Germany to fight against GB 194090
3194478207Douglas MacArthurrebuilding process in japan91
3194478208George Kennanpolicy of containment, to prevent spread of communism92
3194478209Joseph McCarthyled witch hunts to find communist in USA93
3194478210Nikita Khrushchevreplaced USSR after Stalin, blamed Stalin, tight control94
3194478211Gamal Abder NasserEgypt, gained control of Suez Canal95
3194478212Anwar Sadatleader of Egypt after Nasser, allied with USA and made peace with Israel96
3194478213Arbenz1950s leader of Guatemala, overthrown by people97
3194478214Allende1970 leader of Chile, attempts to nationalize economy, industry, and decrease U.S. influence, overthrown98
3194478215Ayatollah Khomeiniconservative Shiite cleric in Iran, revolted against government (Shah)99
3194478216Leonid Brezhnevreplaced Krushchev, created Brezhnev doctrine100
3194478217Lech WalesaPoland, organized labor union, against USSR101
3194478218Bin LadenAfghan army, Taliban, 9/11102
3194478219Chiang Kai-Shekestablished ROC on Taiwan, against Mao103
3194478220Mao Zedongcommunist leader of China, supported peasants104
3194478221Pol Potleader of Cambodia in 1970s, communist105
3194478222Jawaharlal Nehrufirst prime minister of India106
3194478223Indira Gandhifemale prime minister of India, strong determined leader, increased military strength107
3194478224Mikhail Gorbachevleader of USSR, developed glasnost and perestroika, repealed Brezhnev doctrine108
3194478225Boris Yeltsinpresident of USSR, anti communist, outlawed communist party, new nations formed109
3194478226Putincurrently in power of Russia, dictator, opposes individual freedoms110
3194478227Kim Jong UnNorth Korea, powerful dictator communist111
3194478228Pope John Paul IIPolish pope, traveled to meet world leaders/poor, supported Lech Walesa112
3194478229Slobodan Milosevicleader of Serbia, tried to increase power over nearby nations113
3194478230F.W. de Klarkelected leader to South Africa in 1990, lifted ban of Africa National Congress114
3194478231Laurent Kabiladictator of Congo, influenced fighting115
3194478232Deng Xiapong1978 replaces Mao as communist leader in China, increased economy116
3194478233Yasir Arafatled Palestine Liberation Organization117
3194478234Ariel Sharonled Israel in late 1990s118

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