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| 228330970 | Alexander the Great | Alexandros III Philippou Makedonon (Alexander the Great,Alexander III of Macedon) (356-323 B.C.), King of Macedonia, was born in late July 356 BC in Pella, Macedonia, he was one of the greatest military genius in history. He conquered much of what was then the civilized world, driven by his divine ambition of the world conquest and the creation of a universal world monarchy. | 0 | |
| 228330971 | Analects of confucius | The Analects is a small but transcendental work put put together by the disciples of Confucius.Required reading for Chinese school children. The complete work is divided into 20 "books", but each book is in fact a very small chapter.a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius and his disciples, as well as the discussions they held. Written during the Spring and Autumn Period through the Warring States Period (ca. 475 BC - 221 BC), the Analects is the representative work of Confucianism and continues to have a tremendous influence on Chinese and East Asian thought and values today.[1] | 1 | |
| 228330972 | Bronze age | A period in a civilization's development when the most advanced metalworking consisted of techniques for smelting copper and tin from naturally occurring outcroppings of ore, and then alloying those metals in order to cast bronze. The term "Bronze Age" is ultimately derived from the "Ages of Man", the stages of human existence on the Earth according to Greek mythology. | 2 | |
| 228330973 | Byzantium | an ancient Greek city, founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named after their king Byzas | 3 | |
| 228330974 | Calendar | ..., a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year | 4 | |
| 228330975 | Code of Hammurabi | The Code of Hammurabi was one of several sets of laws in the Ancient Near East.Hammurabi ruled for 42 years, ca. 1792 to 1750 BC. The Code consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" (lex talionis) as graded depending on social status, of slave versus free man.It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code, and partial copies exist on a human-sized stone stele and various clay tablets. | 5 | |
| 228330976 | Cuneiform | One of the earliest known forms of written expression.It began as a system of pictographs. Cuneiform documents were written on clay tablets, by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped, thus giving rise to the name cuneiform ("wedge shaped", from the Latin cuneus, meaning "wedge. | 6 | |
| 228330977 | Democracy | a form of government in which all people have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. | 7 | |
| 228330978 | Eight Fold Path | The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other. ...The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other. | 8 | |
| 228330979 | Four Noble Truths | the foundation of Buddhism. The truths are: 1.The truth of suffering (dukkha) 2.The truth of the cause of suffering (samudaya) 3.The truth of the end of suffering (nirhodha) 4.The truth of the path that frees us from suffering The Buddha's first sermon after his Enlightenment centered on the Four Noble Truths | 9 | |
| 228330980 | Gothic Migrations | ..., The Migration period, also called the Barbarian Invasions or German: Völkerwanderung (wandering of the peoples), was a period of human migration that occurred roughly between the years 300 to 700 CE in Europe, marking the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. These movements were catalyzed by profound changes within both the Roman Empire and the so-called 'barbarian frontier'. Migrating peoples during this period included the Goths, Vandals, Bulgars, Alans, Suebi, Frisians, and Franks, among other Germanic and Slavic tribes. | 10 | |
| 228330981 | Great Wall | The Great Wall of China is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in , built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire during the rule of successive dynasties. Several walls, referred to as the Great Wall of China , were built since the 5th century BC. The most famous is the wall built between 220 BC and 200 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang; little of it remains; it was much farther north than the current wall, which was built during the Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall is the world's longest human-made structure, stretching over approximately 6,400 km (4,000 miles) from Shanhaiguan in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches to over 6,700 km (4,160 miles) in total. It is also the largest human-made structure ever built in terms of surface area and mass. At its peak the Ming Wall was guarded by more than one million men. It has been estimated that somewhere in the range of 2 to 3 million Chinese died as part of the centuries-long project of building the wall. | 11 | |
| 228330982 | Han Dynasty | Time: 206B.C.-220 A.D. Location of Capital: Chang an, in today's Xian City, Shannxi Province Emperors: Han Wudi, Wendi, Jingdi Replaced by: Three Kingdoms Han Dynaty played an important role in history of China. It contributed to the Chinese culture and civilization. After Qin was overthrew by the peasants rebellion, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu were two leaders that struggled to seize the regime position of a new dyansty. They have gone against each other and at last Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu to be the first emperor of Han dynasty. Chang'an became capital during the Han Dynasty after a short national war. | 12 | |
| 228330983 | Hellenism | 1.The national character or culture of Greece, esp. ancient Greece.The study or imitation of ancient Greek culture. | 13 | |
| 228330984 | The Huns | 1.A member of a warlike Asiatic nomadic people who ravaged Europe in the 4th-5th centuries. 2.A reckless or uncivilized destroyer of something. | 14 | |
| 228330985 | Indian Ocean Trade | ..., Large amounts of trade happened in this body of water between Arab, Persian, Turkish, Indian, African, Chinese, and Europe merchants. Particularly in the postclassical period 9600-1450) | 15 | |
| 228330986 | Iron Age | ..., the period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of iron tools and weapons | 16 | |
| 228330987 | Jewish Diaspora | ..., when the jewish were driven from there homeland into exile, time period between 586 b.c. a.d. 1948 where the jews had no homeland | 17 | |
| 228330988 | Legalism (China) | ..., states that all beings are naturally evil, and strict rules & harsh punishments should be followed to repress evil | 18 | |
| 228330989 | Pax Romana | ..., means "Roman Peace;" specifically the term that refers to the peace and stability that Rome maintained within its borders during the early empire. | 19 | |
| 228330990 | Pyramids | ..., monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs. | 20 | |
| 228330991 | Roman Republic | ..., The period from 507 to 31 B.C.E., during which Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic (rich) Roman Senate. | 21 | |
| 228486402 | Roman Senate | a council of wealthy and powerful Romans that advised the city's leaders | 22 | |
| 228486403 | Shang Civilization (China) | China's first dynasty almost 2000 BC. It was a city state that had writing, bronzes, and appearance of social classes, believed in supreme deity and lesser ones, observed movements of the stars and planets | 23 | |
| 228486404 | Shi Huang Di (Qin China) | harsh ruler who united China for the first time and used legalism in ruling, The first emperor of a "united" China., Qin dynasty - reunified china, legalistic, introduced the standard units of money, unified the great wall, buried with 7000 terracotta soldiers, hated confucianism, died by accidental poisoning | 24 | |
| 228486405 | Siddhartha Gautama | founder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as "Buddha" | 25 | |
| 228486406 | Silk Road Trade | The most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the Chinese, Indian, Persian, and Mediterranean civilizations; transmitted goods and ideas among civilization. | 26 | |
| 228486407 | The Torah | the most sacred text of Judaism, the first five books of the Bible; the Hebrew scriptures | 27 | |
| 228486408 | The Vedas of Hinduism | one of the sources of prayers, verses, and descriptions of the origins of the universe, guide Hindus, Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century B.C.E. | 28 | |
| 228486409 | Xiongnu | Nomadic peoples to the north of the Great Wall of China who were a frequent threat to the stability of the Chinese state., nomads who terrorized the border and were defeated by Wudi. Lived in the steppes or grasslands north of China. Were the biggest threat to security. | 29 | |
| 228486410 | Ziggurats | temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshipped and made of sun-dried brick | 30 |
