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ap world history period5 Flashcards

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14280084005Declaration of IndependenceA document modeled after the political philosophies of John Locke. It altered the natural rights identified by John Locke to include "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."0
14280084506Self-Strengthening MovementA late nineteenth century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways1
14280085185queuea long ponytail that chinese men were forced to wear in order to distinguish them from Manchus2
14280086908domestic systemA manufacturing method in which the stages of the manufacturing process are carried out in private homes rather than a factory setting3
14280094292Declaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenA statement of political rights adopted by the French National Assembly during the French Revolution4
14280095079CommunismAn economic system in which the state controls the means of production5
14280095605Suez CanalCanal constructed by Egypt across the Isthmus of Suez in 18696
14280096317Napoleonic CodeCollection of laws that standardized French law under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte7
14280097005Economic ImperialismControl of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation8
14280097696Sphere of InfluenceDivisions of a country in which a particular foreign nation enjoys economic privileges9
14280098214JacobinsExtreme radicals during the French revolution10
14280098590Theory of Natural SelectionIdea, first proposed by Charles Darwin, that species survive due to favorable characteristics11
14280099583BourgeoisieIn France, the class of merchants and artisans who were members of the Third Estate and initiators of the French Revolution; in Marxist theory, a term referring to factory owners12
14280101628ProletarianIn Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society13
14280102518Indian National CongressPolitical party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement14
14280105706Boxer RebellionRevolt against foreign residents of China15
14280106171First Indian Rebellion(sepoy mutiny)Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths (1857)16
14280107873natural rightsRights that belong to every person and that no government may take away17
14280108581young turksSociety founded in 1889 in the Ottoman Empire; its goal was to restore the constitution of 1876 and to reform the empire18
14280109400boersSouth Africans of Dutch descent19
14280109401sepoysSouth Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India20
14280110700revolution of 1905Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 190521
14280111263industrial revolutionThe ability to combine the factors of land, labor, and capital to create factory production22
14280111689Social DarwinismThe application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society23
14280112632separation of powersThe division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government24
14280113269estatesThe divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France25
14280113270ImperialismThe establishment of colonial empires26
14280113995enclosure movementThe fencing of pasture land in England beginning prior to the Industrial Revolution27
14280114408bill of rightsThe first ten amendments to the constitution of the United States28
14280114864QingThe Manchurian invaders who ruled China from 1644 to the early 1900s29
14280115744Berlin ConferenceThe meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them30
14280116116FeminismThe movement to achieve women's rights31
14280116737reign of terrorThe period of the most extreme violence during the French Revolution32
14280117159Meiji RestorationThe restoration of the Meiji emperor in Japan in 1868 that began a program of industrialization and centralization of Japan following the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate33
14280117589dumaThe Russian parliament34
14280118221rajThe Sanskrit name for the British government in India35
14280118222Gran ColombiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after the independence movements led by Simon Bolivar36
14280119339Estates GeneralThe traditional legislative body of France37
14280120080Treaty of NanjingThe treaty ending the Opium war that ceded Hong Kong to the British (1842)38
14280121364opium warWar between Great Britain and China began with the Qing dynasty's refusal to allow continued opium importation into China; British victory resulted in the Treaty of Nanking(1839-1842)39
14280121810Sino-Japanese WarWar between Japan and China, in 1895, over control over Korea40
14280122256Russo-Japanese WarWar between Russia and Japan over Manchurian territory; resulted in the defeat of Russia by the Japanese Navy41
14280123139Boer warWar between the British and the Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in British victory (1899-1902)42

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