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AP World History Period 2 Study Guide Flashcards

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7770533270Mauryan Empirea geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in ancient India, ruled by the Maurya dynasty from 322 - 185 BCE.0
7770533271Buddhisma path of practice and spiritual development leading to Insight into the true nature of reality. practices like meditation are means of changing yourself in order to develop the qualities of awareness, kindness, and wisdom.1
7770533272Arabic numeralsany of the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Arabic numerals reached western Europe through Arabia, replacing Roman numerals, by about AD 1200, but probably originated in India.2
7770533273Qin Dynastythe first unified, multi-national and power-centralized state in the Chinese history. It lasted from 221 BC to 207 BC.3
7770533274Han Dynastythe second imperial dynasty of China. Founded in 206 BC when the rebel leader Liu Bang successfully ended the Qin Dynasty4
7770533275Persian Empirethe South Asian empire established by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century bc and overthrown by Alexander the Great in the 4th century bc. At its height it extended from India to Europe5
7770533276Great Royal Roadan ancient highway reorganized and rebuilt by the Persian king Darius the Great of the Achaemenid Empire in the 5th century BC. Darius built the road to facilitate rapid communication throughout his very large empire from Susa to Sardis.6
7770533277PolisGreek city-states7
7770533278Golden Age of Pericles480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony, economic growth and cultural flourishing8
7770533279Delian Leaguefounded in 478 BC, was an association of Greek city-states under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Plataea at the end of the Second Persian invasion of Greece.9
7770533280Hellenismthe national character or culture of Greece, especially ancient Greece.10
7770533281PatriciansThe wealthy class of the Roman "Republic" or Empire11
7770533282PlebiansThe commoner class of the Roman "Republic" or Empire12
7770533283Twelve Tables of Romehe earliest attempt by the Romans to create a code of law. A law binding on both patrician and plebeian and which consuls would have to enforce.13
7770533284First Triumviratethe unofficial coalition of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus in 60 BC14
7770533285Second Triumviratea coalition formed by Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian in 43 BC.15
7770533286Pax Romanathe peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.16
7770533287Paganismany of various religions other than Christianity or Judaism or Islamism17
7770533288Christianitythe religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.18
7770533289Edict of MilanAn edict made by the Roman emperor Constantine in 313 which recognized Christianity and gave freedom of worship in the Roman Empire.19
7770533290Classical Perioda golden age for literature and the arts20
7770533291Zoroastrianisma monotheistic pre-Islamic religion of ancient Persia founded by Zoroaster in the 6th century BC.21
7770533292Silk Roadis a series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China to the Mediterranean Sea22
7770533293Polytheismthe belief in or worship of more than one god.23
7770533294Confucianisma system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.24
7770533295Daoisma Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu ( fl. 6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety.25
7770533296Legalismexcessive adherence to law or formula.26
7770533297Hinduisma major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion.27
7770533298Judaismthe monotheistic religion of the Jews.28
7770533299Theravada (Hinayana)the more conservative of the two major traditions of Buddhism29
7770533300Mahayana BuddhismThe tradition emerged around the 1st century AD and is typically concerned with altruistically oriented spiritual practice as embodied in the ideal of the bodhisattva.30
7770533301Four Noble Truthsthe four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.31

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