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| 5416132130 | How did Voltaire apply new ways of understanding the natural world to human relationships? | Fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech | 0 | |
| 5416132131 | How did Rousseau apply new ways of understanding to the natural world to human relationships? | Believed people in the their natural state were basically good, but they were corrupted by the evils of society, especially the uneven distribution of property | 1 | |
| 5416132132 | What were some new political ideas about the individual, natural rights and the social contract according to Locke and Montesquieu? | Locke - People are born with natural rights. People exchange obedience for protection of those rights (social contract with the government). Montesquieu - supported division of government. | 2 | |
| 5416132133 | American Declaration of Independence | Document approved by representatives of the American colonies in 1776 that stated their grievances against the British monarch and declared their independence. | 3 | |
| 5416132134 | French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | One fundamental document of French Revolution, defining a set of individual rights and collective rights of all the estates as one. Influenced by doctrine of natural rights, universal rights. | 4 | |
| 5416132135 | Bolivar's Jamaica Letter | Bolivar says that Latin America must break from a parasitic Spain and outlines his principles in the context of his recent failures at uniting and republicanizing the governments of Latin America. (Latin America must break from Spain.) | 5 | |
| 5416132136 | People challenged imperial governments during this as well - describe the challenge of the Marathas to the Mughal Sultans. | The challenge of the Marathans to Mughal Sultans is an example of subjects that challenged centralized imperial governments. They increased discontent with imperialism and propelled reformists in revolutionary movements. | 6 | |
| 5416132137 | American Revolution | Political revolution in British North American colonies starting in 1776 that removed the colonies from Great Britain's control, established an independent nation known as the United States of America. | 7 | |
| 5416132138 | French Revolution | Revolution that began in 1789 overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the directory and seizure of power in 1799. | 8 | |
| 5416132139 | Haitian Revolution | Led by Toussaint I'Ouverture, successful overthrow of French colonial rule on this Caribbean island in 1790, set up first black government in the Western Hemisphere and world's second democratic republic, after the United States. | 9 | |
| 5416132140 | Latin American Revolution Movements | Restive colonists from Mexico to Argentina rebelled taking advantage of the upheavals in Spain and Portugal that began under Napoleon (Haiti first to be independent.) | 10 | |
| 5416132141 | What was important about the established of the Maroon societies? | Runaway slaves in the West Indies, central America, South America, and North America, who formed independent settlements together, allowed the perpetuation of African culture. | 11 | |
| 5416132142 | Two examples of anti-colonial movements are... | The Indian Revolt of 1857 and The Boxer Rebellion | 12 | |
| 5416132143 | The Taiping Rebellion | Most destructive civil war in China before the 20th century, Christian-inspired, rural rebellion, threatened to topple the Qing Empire, leader claimed to be brother of Jesus. | 13 | |
| 5416132144 | The Ghost Dance | Religious ritual that was supposed to resurrect fallen warriors and rid the Indians of white intruders | 14 | |
| 5416132145 | The Xhosa Cattle-Killing Movement | Pivotal movement that broke the back of the Xhosa and ushered in a new era of colonial expansion and domination of South Africa by the British. The prophecy was that killing all cattle would bring back ancient chiefs and ancestors. | 15 | |
| 5416132146 | What caused people to relocate to cities? What did this movement into the cities cause in the 19th century? | The search for work cause people to relocate to different cities. This contributed to global urbanization. | 16 | |
| 5416132147 | Why did people such as manual laborers and specialized professionals choose to freely locate? | Because they were in search of work | 17 | |
| 5416132148 | Slavery | Forced labor, owning someone | 18 | |
| 5416132149 | Chinese and Indian indentured servitude | Form of debt bondage in American colonies' early years | 19 | |
| 5416132150 | Convict labor | Leasing system of unfree labor (often chaining prisoners together to do work in the Southern United States) | 20 | |
| 5416132151 | Was it only men that moved to find work? What did the women associated wih migrant workers do during this time? | Mostly men moved to find work while women had to start doing the men's manual labor because they had to do the men's normal jobs. | 21 | |
| 5416132152 | How did migrant workers transplant their ways of life into the places they went for work? | Migrant workers transplanted their culture into wherever they worked by creating ethnic enclaves in different parts of the world. | 22 | |
| 5416132153 | Chinese Exclusion Acts | United States banned Chinese immigrants in 1882 because they viewed them as a threat. | 23 | |
| 5416132154 | White Australian Policy | Comprises various historical policies that intentionally restricted non-white immigration to Australia from Britain and strongly discouraged non-whites. | 24 | |
| 5416132155 | Stock markets | Market where shares are issued and traded either through exchanges or over-the-counter markets. Example: Canada's Toronto Stock Exchange | 25 | |
| 5416132156 | Insurance | Coverage by contract in which one party agrees to reimburse another against loss or harm arising in specified contingencies (fire, death, etc) by payment. Example: Life insurance | 26 | |
| 5416132157 | Gold Standard | System by which the value of a currency was defined in terms of gold to be exchanged. Example: Germany went off gold standard in 1914. | 27 | |
| 5416132158 | Limited Liability Corporations | Non-corporate business whose owners actively participate in the organization's management and are protected against personal liability for debts and obligations. Example: Wyoming was first to enact LLC in 1977. | 28 | |
| 5416132159 | Four major developments in transportation and communication | Factory system, use of railroads, machines (steam engine), telegraph | 29 | |
| 5416132160 | Utopian socialism | Socialism achieved by the moral persuasion of capitalists to surrender the means of production peacefully to the people. | 30 | |
| 5416132161 | Marxism | Most famous socialist belief system during the nineteenth century; saw all of history as the story of class struggle | 31 | |
| 5416132162 | Anarchism | Urged the abolition of government or governmental restraint as the indispensable condition for full social and political liberty | 32 | |
| 5416132163 | Economic reforms of Meiji Japan | A change in political control of Japan whereby the emperor regained his political power | 33 | |
| 5416132164 | Development of factories and railroads in Tsarist Russia | Method of manufacturing, adopted in England during the industrial revolution | 34 | |
| 5416132165 | China's Self-Strengthening Movement | Institutional reforms initiated during the late Qing Dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers | 35 | |
| 5416132166 | Muhammad Ali's development of a cotton textile industry in Egypt | The government set up modern factories for weaving cotton, jute, silk, and wool. Workers were drafted into factories to weave on government looms. The textile industry was protected by embargoes imposed by the government. | 36 | |
| 5416132167 | Ways in which people organized themselves into societies undergo significant changed in industrial states | New social classes, including the middle and industrial working classes, developed. Family dynamics, gender roles, and demographics changed in the response to industrialization, Rapid urbanization on that accompanied global capitalism often led to unsanitary conditions, as well as to new forms of community. | 37 | |
| 5416132168 | Europe's location on the Atlantic | Allowed better trade | 38 | |
| 5416132169 | Geographical distribution of coal, iron and timber | They improved efficiency of waterpower, the use of stream power, and development of machine tools. | 39 | |
| 5416132170 | European demographic changes | Widespread resistance to disease | 40 | |
| 5416132171 | Urbanization | Allowed more people to have homes and made work easier by providing jobs | 41 | |
| 5416132172 | Improved agricultural productivity | Increased the production of food and did not require as many workers | 42 | |
| 5416132173 | Abundance of rivers and canals | Allowed bulk materials to be transported across the country | 43 | |
| 5416132174 | Access to foreign | Allowed them to trade resources that they normally could not get | 44 | |
| 5416132175 | Accumulation of capitals | Helped industrialization reach its maximum potential | 45 | |
| 5416132176 | Development of the factory system led to an increasing degree of specialization of labor. | Because so many people worked in factories, each person was assigned a specific job. | 46 | |
| 5416132177 | Increase of global trade and production further integrate the global economy | Individual cities specialized in certain things, so they relied on other cities or countries to provide things to them that were not one of their specialties. | 47 | |
| 5416132178 | Cotton | United States | 48 | |
| 5416132179 | Rubber | Portugal | 49 | |
| 5416132180 | Palm oil | Nigeria | 50 | |
| 5416132181 | Sugar | Haiti | 51 | |
| 5416132182 | Wheat | Great Britain | 52 | |
| 5416132183 | Meat | United States | 53 | |
| 5416132184 | Guano | Peru | 54 | |
| 5416132185 | How did the industrial revolution help to cause the decline of the agriculturally based economy in India? | Many people stopped farming and decided to become entrepreneurs. These people started their own businesses, but did not have government support. Most of the businesses failed. | 55 | |
| 5416132186 | How did the demand for gold, silver and diamonds cause the development of extensive mining centers in Mexico and South Africa? | The rapid increase of demand for industrial production called for more specialized and limited metals, so copper mines started popping up in Mexico and diamond mines spread all throughout South Africa. | 56 | |
| 5416132187 | Describe how existing states with colonies strengthened their control in those colonies during this period. | The East India Company - British, trading, developed commerce in newly colonized areas in SE Asia and India, established an army in India, instituted court system, English customs were adapted in India. Dutch East Indies - Enormous colonial empire outside of Europe created by Netherlands, Dutch ruled until WWII ended. | 57 | |
| 5416132188 | How did the British establish empires? | Set up trading posts in India, their influence grew, created their own Indian Sepoy Army, collected many raw materials and labored residents, largest colonial empire in the world | 58 | |
| 5416132189 | How did the Dutch establish empires? | Controlled colonial culture in Indonesia, made them supply cash crops, East India Company for trading, farmers had to meet crop quotas, pay fines, or provide free labor | 59 | |
| 5416132190 | How did the French establish empires? | Second-largest colonial empire in the world, extended to 1/10 of the world's land, made French language widely spoken, industrialization led to military | 60 | |
| 5416132191 | How did the Germans establish empires? | Colonized Africa and ruled until the Treaty of Versailles came about, colonized in the Pacific | 61 | |
| 5416132192 | How did the Russians establish empires? | Borders were extended to China and Pacific Ocean because of military conquests | 62 | |
| 5416132193 | How did the British and French expand their influence in China through the Opium Wars? | China lost the Opium War between Britain and Qing Empire so Britain and most other European powers developed a strong trade presence through China, against their wishes. | 63 | |
| 5416132194 | Why did the United States and Britain heavily invest in Latin America? | Britain has been supplying Latin America with goods and slaves before independence. Britain was overtaken by the United States as a trading partner.Argentina was Latin America's most important market because of its land, colonies and oil. | 64 | |
| 5416132195 | How did the United States and Russia emulate European transoceanic imperialism? | Expanded land borders and conquered neighboring territories | 65 | |
| 5416132196 | What were the three main causes for the contraction of the Ottoman Empire? | Balkan independence in the states, semi-independence in Egypt, French and Italian colonies in North Africa, later British influence in Egypt | 66 | |
| 5416132197 | What were some new states that developed on the boarders of existing empires? | Cherokee Nation, Siam, Hawaii, Zulu Kingdom | 67 | |
| 5416132198 | What is meant by the idea of "nationalism"? | Belief system exalting one nation above all others | 68 | |
| 5416132199 | How did the racial ideology of Social Darwinism facilitate and justify imperialism? | Expanded imperialism (policy in which strong nations dominate other countries) | 69 |
