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| 4204616536 | In 1914, the Bosnian Serbs affiliated with the ___, supported the assassination of ___. The Austrian government reacted with humiliating demands. ___ was Serbia's ally, while ___ was Austria's ally. ___'s declaration of war caused the alliance system to begin to operate. | Black Hand; Franz Ferdinand; Russia; Germany; Austria | 0 | |
| 4204616537 | Germany's strategy to avoid a two-front war was the ___, with them moving against ___ first. The ___ foiled their plan, and dashed any hope to a quick end to war. | Schleieffen Plan; France; First Battle of Marne | 1 | |
| 4204616538 | World War I featured mainly ___. The British attempted to knock the Ottomans out of war by landing at ___. The British also supported ___ against Ottoman power. The Ottoman state perpetrated the ___, killing millions. | trench warfare; Gallipoli; Arab revolt; Armenian massacres | 2 | |
| 4204616539 | Germany mastered ___ to intercept the transatlantic movement of Allied supplies/troops. In May 1915, Germany's sinking of the ___ brought the angry US into the war. This was combined with the ___ a Germany diplomat sent to Mexico. | submarine (U-boat) warfare; Lusitania; Zimmerman Telgegram | 3 | |
| 4204616540 | Some women during the World Wars served, but most took on ___ back home. The ___ officially ended World War I. Woodrow Wilson had a famous speech, the ___, in which he discussed the path to peace. He tried to create the ___ but failed when the US didn't join. | male positions; Treaty of Versailles; Fourteen Points; League of Nations | 4 | |
| 4204616541 | The British offered support for the creation of Israel with the ___. The ___ in the Treaty of Versailles caused Germany to lose territory and owe a great debt. | Balfour Declaration; war-guilt clause | 5 | |
| 4204616542 | The Italians adopted a policy of ___, and Germany swayed towards Nazism. In Russia, the ___ created an unsuccessful provision government. The Bolsheviks were led by ___, and led the ___ that brought them to power. | fascism; February Revolution; Vladimir Lenin; October Revolution | 6 | |
| 4204616543 | In 1928, Joseph Stalin defeated ___ for control of Russia. He was an incredibly oppressive dictator, and modernized Russia with his ___. His goal was the ___. | Leon Trotsky; five year plans; collectivization of agriculture | 7 | |
| 4204616544 | Millions died in Russia's ___. Stalin used the secret police to carry out mass arrests called the ___, and sent many people to labor camps called ___. | Great Famine; Purges; gulags | 8 | |
| 4204616545 | After WWI, Italy's ___ was undermined by economic downturn and political chaos. The king then turned in desperation to ___, the leader of the Fascist Party. It was best described as ___. | constitutional monarchy; Benito Mussolini; right-wing radicalism | 9 | |
| 4204616546 | From 1919-1933, Germany was ruled by the ___. ___ destroyed the economy, and caused mass unemployment once the Great Depression arrived. Hitler then came to power, and embraced racial hatred, supported in his famous memoir, ___. | Weimar Republic; Hyperinflation; Mein Kampf | 10 | |
| 4204616547 | After the Reichstag building in Germany was burnt down, Hitler passed the ___, giving him the power to rule by decree. He then quickly controlled all politics, and purged his remaining rivals within the Nazi Party in the "___". He created a secret police called the ___. | Enabling Act; night of the long knives; Gestapo | 11 | |
| 4204616548 | The ___ of 1935 deprived Jews of their civil rights and forbade intermarriage of them with non-Jews. A program called ___ was an example of attacks against Jews. | Nuremberg Laws; Kristallnacht | 12 | |
| 4204616549 | ___ took over the Ottoman Empire, and repelled the Greeks in the empire. In 1923, he proclaimed the Turkish Republic and took the name of ___. He led a policy of ___ and greatly updated the country. | Mustafa Kemal; Ataturk; Western modernization | 13 | |
| 4204616550 | Persia became the modern state of ___ in the 1920s. An officer named ___ mutinied against the ___ that had ruled since 1794. He took the name of ___ after establishing a new dynasty. | Iran; Reza Khan; Qajar Dynasty; Reza Shah Pahlavi | 14 | |
| 4204616551 | Many Arab lands came under French and British control with their ___, instated by the ___. Saudi Arabia achieved full independence in 1932 after the prince of ___ drove out the Ottomans. | mandate system; League of Nations; Ibn Saud | 15 | |
| 4204616552 | China's leading revolutionary figure was ___. His movement became known as the ___. The clearest example of discontent was when students gathered in ___. | Sun Yat-sen; Nationalist Party (Kuomintang); Tiananmen Square | 16 | |
| 4204616553 | Radicals at Beijing University founded the ___ in 1921. in 1925, Sun died and passed leadership to ___ who leaned further to the right. The ___ was proclaimed in 1949, when ___ came to power. | Chinese Community Party (CCP); Chiang Kai-shek; People's Republic of China (PRC); Mao Zedong | 17 | |
| 4204616554 | Economic decline in Japan led to the adoption of ___, bolstered by the ideology of ___, racial superiority supported by religion. These feelings came into action with the ___ in December, and the creation of the ___. | militaristic nationalism; State Shinto; Rape of Nanjing; Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere | 18 | |
| 4204616555 | Promises to the Indians during ___, made the British look hypocritical. This led to the creation of the ___. A guiding figure was ___, who argued for a nonviolent policy of ___. | WWI; Indian National Congress; Mohandas Gandi; satyagraha | 19 | |
| 4204616556 | Gandhi continued to work with the Indian National Congress after being released from prison, but more as a ___. ___ was a secular modernizer of the nation. | spiritual leader; Jawaharlal Nehru | 20 | |
| 4204616557 | In 1930, ___ founded the ___, which aimed to support Muslim rights in India. This eventually led to the creation of Pakistan. | Muhammad Ali Jinnah; All-India Muslim League | 21 | |
| 4204616558 | In 1910-1911, Mexican liberal democracy ___ overthrew Profirio Díaz. The Constitution of 1917 guaranteed separation of church and state as well as suffrage for women. ___ was the commander of the Liberation Army of the South, and was regarded as a hero in Mexico. | Francisco Madero; Emiliano Zapata | 22 | |
| 4204616559 | Germany annexed Austria than threatened war with Czechoslovakia over the ___. The Allied Powers appeased Germany with the ___, but it failed. Stalin secretly negotiated the ___ with Hitler, keeping the USSR neutral while Germany invaded ___. | Sudetenland; Munich Agreement; Nazi-Soviet Pact; Poland | 23 | |
| 4204616560 | FDR supported the Allies in WWII with his ___.The Germans adopted the concept of ___ warfare. The US was brought into the war with the Japanese bombing at ___. ___ was a turning point in the war, giving the Allied Powers an advantage. | Lend-Lease program; blitzkrieg; Pearl Harbor; D-Day | 24 | |
| 4204616561 | Nazi officials were upset with the slow executions of firing squads, and decided at the ___ to kill victims on an industrial scale. The ___ occurred in 1945-1946, with the aim to persecute Nazi leaders. In 1948, the UN adopted the ___, aiming to avoid such barbarities in the future. | Wannsee Conference; Nuremberg Trials; Universal Declaration of Human Rights | 25 | |
| 4204616562 | The ___ after the World Wars aimed to facilitate free trade, however the ___ refused to participate. | Bretton Woods system; Soviets | 26 | |
| 4204616563 | The first stage of the Cold War lasted from 1945-1949, in which the division of Europe occurred along the "___". Yugoslavia was communist, but ___ forced them to break off from the Soviets. The US responded with a strategy of ___. | iron curtain; Jospeh Broz Tito; containment | 27 | |
| 4204616564 | The ___ pledged assistance to Greece and Turkey, aiming to prevent communist takeover there. They also established the ___ to help revive Europe. The ___ of 1948 was when the Soviets cut off traffic in West Berlin. The United States formed the ___ in 1949. The Soviets responded with the ___. | Truman Doctrine; Marshall Plan; Berlin Blockade; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Warsaw Pact | 28 | |
| 4204616565 | Communist ___ attempted to conquer its southern half in 1950. The United States got involved in the war due to ___. The Soviets and Americans took control of the Third World and fought via ___. | Northern Korea; domino theory; proxy wars | 29 | |
| 4204616566 | After Stalin died, ___ took over the country. The Allied Powers reacted to Egypt's nationalization of the ___ in 1956 with invasion. When Hungary attempted to reform its communist regime to restore ties with the west, Russia intervened and sparked a ___, which the Russians brutally suppressed. | Nikita Khruschev; Suez Canal; Hungarian uprising | 30 | |
| 4204616567 | In 1968, Brezhnev sent Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia to put down the pro-reform "___" movement. He justified it by asserting the USSR's right to protect communism, known as the ___. | Prague Spring; Brezhnev Doctrine | 31 | |
| 4204616568 | ___ helped make the Cold War a nonviolent one. President Dwight Eisenhower noted the ___ in America. | Mutually assured destruction; military-industrial complex | 32 | |
| 4204616569 | Both the USSR and the US enforced the ___ in 1968, with an aim to scale back hostility. However, animosity returned after the ___ in 1979. The Soviets also supported the ___. | Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; Soviet invasion of Afghanistan; Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua | 33 | |
| 4204616570 | In 1985, the Cold War began to fizzle out when ___ became the leader of the Soviet Union. He launched a twin reform effort: ___ and ___. The fall of the Berlin Wall was in ___. | Mikhail Gorbachev; perestroika (restructuring); glasnost (openness); 1989 | 34 | |
| 4204616571 | In 1955, the ___ was hosted by Indonesia with the goal of maintaining neutrality among decolonized countries during the Cold War. This gave birth to the ___, which formed in 1961. | Bandung Conference; Non-Aligned Movement | 35 | |
| 4204616572 | In 1952, Benelux, France, and Germany created the ___. This then expanded to the ___, which later became the ___. | European Coal & Steel Community (ECSC); European Economic Community (EEC); European Union (EU) | 36 | |
| 4204616573 | ___ helped give the Middle East leverage in negotiations with the West. After the creation of Israel, Arab-Israeli conflict began. The ___ in 1967 was an attempt by Israel to take over Pakistan. The ___ was a Pakistani response in 1973. | Oil; Six Day War; Yom Kippur War | 37 | |
| 4204616574 | The Palestinians turned to terrorism after 1964, when Yasser Arafat founded the ___. Hopes for peace blossomed with the ___ of 1978, when ___ of Egypt recognized Israel with return of the Sinai Peninsula. | Palestinian Liberation Organization; Camp David accords; Anwar Sadat | 38 | |
| 4204616575 | The Palestinian population of Israel prompted an uprising called the ___. This resulted in the creation of other radicals like the ___ or the Lebanon-based Shiite group ___. | First Intifada; Hamas; Hezbollah | 39 | |
| 4204616576 | The ___ of 1993 held out the promise of a two-state solution in Israel, but this just led to a ___. | Oslo Accords; Second Intifada | 40 | |
| 4204616577 | After Pahlavi died in Iran, ___ took over in 1980. He began the ___, with the goal of Islamic traditionalism. The Iran-Iraq War led to the dictator ___ to create al-Qaeda. This began the Gulf War, led by the US mission, ___. | Ayatollah Khomeini; Iranian Revolution; Saddam Hussein; Operation Desert Storm | 41 | |
| 4204616578 | In 1948, South Africa adopted its ___, aiming to segregated people. This led to the creation of the ___. Protesters were murdered in the ___ of 1960. ___ led the Congress, and eventually helped proclaim the Republic of South Africa. | apartheid; African National Congress; Sharpeville Massacre; Nelson Mandela | 42 | |
| 4204616579 | In 1958, Mao Zedong established the ___ aiming to industrialize the country. This led to breakdown and agricultural chaos, causing 20 million to die. In 1966, another program called the ___ aimed to destroy Mao's enemies. After his death in 1978, ___ rose to power. This led to economic reforms allowing ___. | Great Leap Forward; Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution; Deng Xiaoping; limited capitalism | 43 | |
| 4204616580 | ___, leader of Vietnam launched a war against France with the aim of independence. Argentine ___ influenced Castro and helped spark the Cuban Revolution. | Ho Chi Minh; Ernesto "Che" Guevara | 44 | |
| 4204616581 | ___ of Serbia aimed to exploit nationalist tensions to seize territory from other states. Ethnic cleansing carried out in the area were intervened by NATO, with the war ending with the ___. | Slobodan Milosevic; Dayton Accords | 45 | |
| 4204616582 | The dominant economist in favor of regulation is ___. He believed government investment in capitalism would prevent depressions. He was opposed to the ___, most famously known through ___. They believed state intervention fatally distorted the economy. An even better-known opponent to Keynes was ___, who argued for little intervention. | John Maynard Keynes; Austrian School; Friedrich Hayek; Milton Friedman | 46 |
