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AP World History Post-Classical Period Time Period 3 Flashcards

AP World History Unit 2 flashcards for use when studying for the final.

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6792587390Sui DynastyThe short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China0
6792587391Tang DynastyDynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD; China expands from Vietnam to Manchuria. Technology and Arts flourished1
6792587392Grand CanalThe 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire.2
6792587394ShintoThe native religion and former ethnic cult of Japan that whorships nature. It coexists with Buddhism in Japan3
6792587397Justinian IByzantine emperor who built the Haiga Sophia; his reign was a turning point for Christianity: paganism finally lost. He tried to restore territories to the Western Roman Empire but ultimately failed.4
6792587398Justinian CodeThe body of Roman law collected by order of the Byzantine emperor, Justinian around A.D. 534.5
6792587400CharlemagneKing of the Franks who conquered much of Western Europe, Great patron of literature and learning, threatened conquered people with conversion to Christianity or death6
6792587401QuranThe sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina7
6792587402MeccaThe holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace8
6792587403Ka'abaA rectangular building that housed a cubical black stone structure. It is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine9
6792587404HajjA pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims10
6792587405Dar al-Islam"The abode of Islam." The land of Islam, or the territories in which Islam and its religious laws (shari'a) may be freely practiced.11
6792587406SunniOne of the two main branches of orthodox Islam. Felt that the Caliph should be chosen from the Ummayyad and believed in the importace of the Umma in making political decisions12
6792587407Shi'aOne of the two main branches of orthodox Islam. Felt that Caliph should stay in the Prophet's family and stressed religious purity13
6792587408AliProphet Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law; a leading figure in the Shi'a branch of Islam14
6792587409MuhammedThe prophet and founder of Islam15
6792587410HadithTraditional records of the deeds and utterances of the prophet Muhammad, and the basis, after the Quran, for Islamic theology and law. It's the stories of Muhammad's life, words, and deeds.16
6792587411UmmayyadClan of Quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economy of Mecca, this clan is Uthman's family. Called themselves Sunnis. "Umma" is a community of believers in Islam, which transcends ethnic and political boundaries.17
6792587412AbbasidDynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam; came to power in 750 C.E.They used Arabic to unify heterogeneous people and were able to solve administrative problems of large empires18
6792587413Seljuk TurksNomadic invaders from Central Asia via Persia; staunch Sunnis; ruled in the name of Abbasid caliphs from mid-11th century; able to restore political initiative to the much reduced caliphate; ended threat of Shi'a conquest19
6792587415SufisA mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life20
6792587416GhanaFirst known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteenth centuries C.E.21
6792587417MaliEmpire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade.22
6792587418Mansa MusaA Mali king who brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; he was the most powerful king in west Africa23
6792587419Dhimmi "People of the book"inclusive term to Jews and Christians in Islamic territories; later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus & Buddhists24
6792587420CrusadesChristian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims during the 11-13th centuries25
6792587421CaliphSuccessor to Muhammad as political and religious leader of the Muslims26
6792587422Abu BakrFirst muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death.27
6792587424AxumMajor trade center, perfect location along Red Sea, conquered Nubia, converted to Christianity28
6792587425Great ZimbabweA powerful southeast African city, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.,29
6792587426Marco PoloVenetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.30
6792587427Song DynastyThe imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy and great accomplishments31
6792587428Pax Mongolica"Mongol Peace" used to describe the eased communication and commerce the unified administration helped to create32
6792587429Ibn Battuta(1304-1369) Morrocan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period.33
6792587430Temujin/ Chinggis Khan/ Ghenghis KhanGenghis Khan's birthname, Born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of Islamic world.34
6792587431Black DeathAn outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of people35
6792587432Kublai KhanMongol ruler, he completed the conquest of China and founded the Yuan dynasty (Gehngis Kahn's grandson)36
6792587433VikingsScandinavians who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuries. Eventually settled in places like Normandy and promoted trade.37
6792587434GuildsAssociation of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests38
6792587435FeudalismA political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service39
6807971072Indian Ocean TradeTrade route which included India, The Swahili Coast, and parts of Southeast Asia40
6807990927BorobudurLarge Buddhist monument in Indonesia41
6808004352Angkor WatAncient Hindu temple in what is today Cambodia42
6808018619TimbuktuCapital of Mali Empire, intellectual center of Muslim Africa43
6808088523footbindingstarted during the Song, made women's feet more attractive to the men44
6808117334bedouinsnomadic native people of the Arabian peninsula45
6808129216House of WisdomEducational center of dar-al-Islam, located in Baghdad46
6808153739Yuan DynastyMongol dynasty of China47
6813363187Great Schism1054 Split between the Catholics and Eastern Orthodoxy48
8341115014Kow TowRitual bowing as part of the tribute system required by China to trade with them.49

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