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AP World History Princeton Review Key Terms Section 2 Flashcards

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4288457119Rock and Pillar EdictsBuddist scripts put on rocks and pillars throughout Mauryan Empire under Ashoka's orders0
4288457120Arabic Numaralsnumbers we use today (123456789), invented by Gupta Empire but were diffused to the Arabs1
4288457121Han Dynastydynasty after Qin, Founded by Liu Bang, 400 years, established centralized government2
4288457122Delian Leaguealliance between many Greek city states created by Athens under Pericles3
4288457123Hellanismculture, lifestyle, and ideas of Classical Greece4
4288457124PatriciansRoman landowning noblemen5
4288457125PlebiansRoman commoners6
4288457126Twelve Tables of Romelike The Ten Commandments for the Romans, basis for the US Bill of Rights7
4288457127First Triumviratesenate weakened; Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar took power8
4288457128Second Triumvirateformed after death of Caesar; Octavius, Marc Antony, and Lepidus9
4288457129Pax Romanagolden age of Roman Empire, peace and prosperity10
4288457130Paganismany polytheistic religeon11
4288457131ChristianityJesus of Nazareth was crucified, followers believe he was the son of god and was ressurected, follow mainly the new testamate12
4288457132Edict of MilanChristianity became legal in the Roman Empire13
4288457133ZoroastrianismPersian religion before Islam14
4288457134Confusianismfollows the teachings founded by Confucius, philosophy and ethics, was developed by Mencius.15
4288457135Daoism / Taoismfollows the teachings of Lao-tzu, humility and religious piety16
4288457136Polythiesma religion which believes in more than one god17
4288457137LegalismStrict legal system, must follow authority no matter what or else harsh punishment18
4288457138Buddismfollows the teachings of Budda, karma, started in India and later spread to China19
4288457139Judaismfirst monotheistic religeon20
4288457140Theravada and Mahayanatwo different sects of Buddism21
4288457141Mauryan EmpireEmpire founded by Chandragupta Maurya, modern day India (but not a substantial part in the South) and Pakistan, unification of many smaller Aryan kingdoms22
4288457142Chandragupta Mauryafounded Mauryan Empire23
4288457143Ashoka Maurya (or just Ashoka)King of Mauryan Empire, Buddist, took it to its greatest heights, made it powerful and wealthy from trading silk, cotton, and elephants to Mesopotamia and Eastern Roman Empire24
4288457144Chandra Gupta the GreatRevived Mauryan Empire as Gupta Empire25
4288457145Gupta Empiresuccessor of Mauryan Empire, enjoyed relative peace, art and science, fell solely because of invasion by the White Huns26
4288457146Great Wall of ChinaWall that protected China from Mongols, started by Qin dynasty each dynasty ending with the Ming added to the wall27
4288457147Qin Shi Huangfirst king of Qin dynasty (by far the shortest dynasty, ended a year after he died), standardized laws, currencies, writing, weights, and measures28
4288457148Xiongnuinvaded China and Eastern Europe, mostly only successful in Europe, may have been Huns29
4288457149Wu TiEmperor of Han dynasty, called the warrior emperor, defended against Huns, enlarged emperor in central Asia30
4288457150Satrapies (singular = Satrap)province in Aechimenid Persia31
4288457151Great Royal Roadlargest road in Persia, 1,600 miles from32
4288457152Lydinscame up with coined money33
4288457153Phonicianscreated first Alphbet34
4288457154Hebrewsfirst Monotheists35
4288457155AthensGreek city state, first democracy36
4288457156SpartaGreek city state, war based society37
4288457157Persian WarsAll Greek City States vs. Persia; ended in stalemate after Greece won at Marathon and Salamis38
4288457158Golden Age of PericlesGolden age of Greece, after Persian war, Delian League, Philosophers39
4288457159SocratesGreek Philosopher, critic of Sophists, believed in questioning everything to, hopefully, figure out everything40
4288457160PlatoGreek Philosopher, student of Socrates and wrote about Socrates, wrote The Republic (book), came up with non-democratic governing system involving a philosopher king41
4288457161AristotleGreek Philosopher, student of Plato, questioned nature of human belief, thought, and knowlege42
4288457162Homerwriter of The Iliad and The Oddesey43
4288457163Peloponnesian Warwar between Athens and Sparta44
4288457164Macedoniansconquered Greece after Sparta won the Peloponnesian war, Alexander the great devoted huge empire45
4288457165Alexander the Greattook Macedonian Empire to it's hieght46
4288457166Punic WarsRome vs. Carthage, First ----- War: Rome conquers Sicely; Second ----- War: General Hannibal (Carthage) attacks Northern Italy, Rome invades Carthage thus forcing Hannibal back, Rome wins but Carthage is not destroyed; Third ----- War: Fifty years after last Punic War Rome destroys Carthage47
4288457167HannibalGeneral of Carthage during Punic War, on e of the greatest military geniuses of all time48
4288457168Octavioustook power from rest of second triumvirate, became second emperor of Rome49
4288457169ConstantineEmperor who legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire, moved capital to Byzantium, started as co-emperor but then overthrows the other emperor and reunites Rome50
4288457170Constantinoplebecame capital of the Roman Empire in 340 C.E.; formerly called Byzantium; now called Istanbul51
4288457171Diocletianemperor who split the Roman Empire into two regions run by co-emperors, not yet separate empires52
4288457172Wang Manginterrupted Han dynasty with short Xin dynasty, Han dynasty is restored after but collapses soon after into several kingdoms53
4288457173Julius Caesartook power from rest of first triumvirate, became first emperor of Rome, murdered by senators54

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