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| 11335150436 | Africa | The continent where humans first appeared | 0 | |
| 11335153199 | Afro-Eurasia | The largest landmass on the planet. It includes the African, European, and Asian continents. |  | 1 |
| 11335208021 | Neolithic Revolution | The switch from nomadic lifestyles to a settled agricultural lifestyle is this revolution. | 2 | |
| 11335211166 | River Valley Civilizations | a type of civilization that developed near or around a major river and considered the earliest known large human civilizations | 3 | |
| 11335224860 | Mesopotamia | A region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that developed the first urban societies. In the Bronze Age this area included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires, In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian empires. | 4 | |
| 11335234057 | centralization of authority | the location of most authority at the upper levels of the organization often blending political leadership with religious beliefs | 5 | |
| 11335243023 | Pericles | Ruler of Athens who zealously sought to spread Athenian democracy through imperial force | 6 | |
| 11335249907 | Civic values | Those important principles that serve as the foundation for the democratic form of government such as justice, rule of law, majority rule | 7 | |
| 11335252786 | Syncretism | The unification or blending of opposing people, ideas, or practices, frequently in the realm of religion. For example, when Christianity was adopted by people in a new land, they often incorporate it into their existing culture and traditions. | 8 | |
| 11335256953 | Bureaucracy | A system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials | 9 | |
| 11335265645 | Athens | A democratic Greek polis who accomplished many cultural achievements, and who were constantly at war with Sparta. | 10 | |
| 11335268629 | Sparta | Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts. | 11 | |
| 11335295286 | Hellenistic | Of or influenced by the Greek Empire. A type of culture typically referred to after the conquests of Alexander the Great. | 12 | |
| 11335297935 | Hellenism | Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until the spread of Islam. | 13 | |
| 11335300684 | cultural diffusion | The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another | 14 | |
| 11335305766 | Alexander the Great | Between 334 and 323 B.C.E. he conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East. | 15 | |
| 11335317183 | Geography of Greece | Mostly a mountainous peninsula jutting out into the Mediterranean Sea. Includes about 2000 islands in the Aegean and Ionian seas. Three-fourths of land covered by mountains. | 16 | |
| 11335320037 | Geography of Rome | Its geography helped contribute to its success 1) Unlike Greece; Italy is not broken up into a series of separate valleys. 2) The Apennine Mountain range is less rugged than the Greek Mountain ranges. 3) They had wide, fertile plains, which made it easier to support a growing population. 4) Its formation as a peninsula contributed to Roman control of the Mediterranean region | 17 | |
| 11335329833 | Roman Empire | an empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern or Byzantine Empire | 18 | |
| 11335393410 | Continents where specific regions were controlled by the Roman Empire | Europe, Africa, and Asia | 19 | |
| 11335399731 | Mediterranean Sea | A large, almost landlocked arm of the Atlantic Ocean touching Europe, Asia, and Africa. This body of water was the center of Roman trade. | 20 | |
| 11335407701 | seafaring | traveling by or working at sea | 21 | |
| 11335421037 | Monsoon | Major winds in the Indian Ocean that blew into India for half the year, and blew away from India for the other half. Helped facilitate trade in the Indian Ocean. | 22 | |
| 11335425599 | irrigation system | a water control system that supplies water to the land | 23 | |
| 11335430946 | tribute system | A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor. This forced transfer of food, cloth, and other goods subsidized the development of large cities. | 24 | |
| 11335449678 | Code of Hammurabi | the set of laws drawn up by Babylonian king Hammurabi dating to the 18th century BC, the earliest legal code known in its entirety. Did not apply equally to all social classes. | 25 | |
| 11335460496 | Twelve Tables of Rome | codified Roman laws; included concept of "innocent until proven guilty"; the codification of Roman law during the republic | 26 | |
| 11335463154 | Ziggurats | Temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshiped. These temples were made of sun-dried brick. | 27 | |
| 11335478697 | Decline of Rome | 1. economic decay-raids by pirates/barbarians disrupts trade, leading to inflation and scarcity of products, 2. military decay-Roman soldiers fight for $, not patriotism, hired barbarians, political decay-people lost interest and were angry over taxes, 4. Dio. splits empire, 5. barbarians overrun empire and sack Rome (Huns, Visigoths, Goths etc) | 28 | |
| 11335493229 | Elements of Civilization | Centralized Government, Organized Religion, Job Specialization and Social Classes, Arts, Architecture, and Infrastructure, and Writing | 29 | |
| 11335499247 | The results of the fall of the Roman Empire | The onset of the Middle Ages (Dark Ages) and feudalism. The rise of the Eastern Roman Empire. | 30 | |
| 11335528551 | Eastern Roman Empire | also known as the Byzantine empire; used mostly Greek language and culture; capital-Constantinople (new Rome); enjoyed benefit of Mediterranean trade; | 31 | |
| 11338655273 | Transregional/Interregional trade | The exchange of goods, services, culture, and traditions across political or geographic boundaries. | 32 |
