Terms : Hide Images
| 4429814594 | One of Charles Darwin's theories | Argued that over long periods of time species changed in order to survive in a process called evolution | 0 | |
| 4429814595 | Where did humans originally come from? Where is the cradle of humanity? | Africa | 1 | |
| 4429814596 | Humans are members of a family of primates known as _____. | Hominids | 2 | |
| 4429814597 | How did preliterate societies transmit their culture? | Stone art, cave paintings, oral tradition, creation myths (NOT detailed genealogies) | 3 | |
| 4429814598 | What was the Neolithic Era? | The latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BCE in the Middle East (later elsewhere) | 4 | |
| 4429814599 | What did most early humans do (what was their job)? | Hunter-gatherers | 5 | |
| 4429814600 | In what region did agriculture begin? | Middle East | 6 | |
| 4429814601 | Most early communities had a staple crop. What was that crop? | Grain or rice | 7 | |
| 4429814602 | Why do you think the Americas didn't have a lot of domesticated animals? | There were few animals suited for domestication | 8 | |
| 4429814603 | What is a civilization? | A society in an advanced state of social development with complex legal and political and religious organizations | 9 | |
| 4429814604 | Womens' social status after the Neolithic Revolution | Declined | 10 | |
| 4429814605 | Early temples- what was the most visible part called? | Ziggurat | 11 | |
| 4429814606 | The first writing system in Mesopotamia was _____. | Cuneiform | 12 | |
| 4429814607 | The first metal used in Mesopotamia was _____. | Bronze | 13 | |
| 4429814608 | What was crucial to Egypt's agriculture? | the Nile River's predictable flooding patterns | 14 | |
| 4429814609 | Womens' rights in Egypt | Were higher than most women in the ancient world because they could ask for divorces, represent themselves in legal matters, and own land | 15 | |
| 4429814610 | What did all ancient civilizations have in common? | They all settled along rivers (except the Olmec) | 16 | |
| 4429814611 | Indus River Valley writing | Made up of 400 symbols representing sounds and words; has yet to be deciphered, but is most likely a Dravidian tongue | 17 | |
| 4429814612 | How is silk made? | Raising silkworms and pioneering silk cloth production | 18 | |
| 4429814613 | What was the first writing in China? | Etched in animal bones | 19 | |
| 4429814614 | The Mandate of Heaven | Allowed a ruler to maintain his right to rule as long as he remained a wise and principled guardian of his people | 20 | |
| 4429814615 | Chinese political systems | Legalism | 21 | |
| 4429814616 | Confucianism | -Focused more on affairs of this world than on the realm of the divine and its relationship to human life -Contended that the best way to govern was to lead the people by virtue and the rules of propriety | 22 | |
| 4429814617 | What two philosophies emerged after the Warring States Period in China? | Confucianism and Daoism | 23 | |
| 4429814618 | Daoism | Developed by Lao Tzu, a belief system summarized as adhering to nature's path, becoming one with nature, and accepting the world as you find it | 24 | |
| 4429814619 | Yin and yang- what were they? | Represented the complimentary nature of men and women; a system of thought that centered on the need to find a balance between femininity and masculinity, yielding and assertive, weak and strong | 25 | |
| 4429814620 | Nubia | -Civilization emerged because of its location and natural wealth along with Egypt's quest for Nubian gold -Became a "corridor" for long distance trade before 3000 BCE because it connected sub-Saharan Africa with North Africa -Received its earliest political and economic influence from Egypt -Primary form of transportation for trade was the Nile River | 26 | |
| 4429814621 | Nubia | -Its offer to aid Palestine was a mistake because the Assyrians invaded Egypt in retaliation, driving Nubians southward -Matrilineal system; the monarch who usually inherited the throne was the king's nephew | 27 | |
| 4429814622 | Olmec cities | Were laid out in alignment with the paths of the stars because they believed in the religious significance of astronomical events | 28 | |
| 4429814623 | Who made the giant head statues? | Olmecs | 29 | |
| 4429814624 | The only domesticated beast of burden in the Andean region was the _____. | Llama | 30 | |
| 4429814625 | What resources were had in southern Greece? | Foreign sources of raw materials and access to markets abroad | 31 | |
| 4429814626 | What was the Illiad (an epic poem by Homer) about? | Related the story of a war between the Greeks and the Hittites, based in the city of Troy | 32 | |
| 4429814627 | Where can you find information about ancient Israel? | the Hebrew Bible | 33 | |
| 4429814628 | What did King Solomon build? | the First Temple in Jerusalem (to strengthen the link between religious and secular authority) | 34 | |
| 4429814629 | What's a diaspora? | Greek for "dispersion" or "scattering"; the scattering of a people from their homeland | 35 | |
| 4429814630 | The Phoenician writing system | Based on Egyptian hieroglyphics, an alphabet in which each symbol represented a sound | 36 | |
| 4429814631 | Phoenician textiles | Unique because of a highly valued purple dye from the murex snail/shellfish; prized by kings | 37 | |
| 4429814632 | Process of irrigation in dry places, specifically Iran/Persia | Vertical shafts provided access to underground irrigation that were called qanats | 38 | |
| 4429814633 | What did the Iranians trade? | Minerals, textiles, carpets | 39 | |
| 4429814634 | Who unified Iran? | Cyrus the Great | 40 | |
| 4429814635 | Persian government practices | -Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of respect for local priests and native traditions -Provinces administered by satraps or hereditary provincial governors | 41 | |
| 4429814636 | Persian government practices | -Under Darius' legal system, subject peoples in Persian territories were still allowed to live under their own laws | 42 | |
| 4429814637 | Zoroastrianism | One of the world's oldest monotheistic religions, founded by Zoroaster in ancient Iran, the official Persian religion from 600 BCE- 650 CE; belief in one god called Ahura Mazda ("Wise Lord"), believed the elements were pure and fire represented God's light/wisdom (NOT fire worshippers) | 43 | |
| 4429814638 | What kind of crops grew well in Greece? | Olive trees, grape vines, barley | 44 | |
| 4429814639 | What is an oligarchy? | Government by a few wealthy, elite people | 45 | |
| 4429814640 | Greek democracy | Included political participation by all free, native born, adult males | 46 | |
| 4429814641 | What were the ideas of Greek philosophers? | -Rational explanations for the world around them rather than reliance on the supernatural -Confidence in human reason | 47 | |
| 4429814642 | The "Father of History" was _____. | Herodotus | 48 | |
| 4429814643 | Who were the three great Greek philosophers of the classic time? | Socrates, Plato, Aristotle | 49 | |
| 4429814644 | What happened to Greece after Alexander died? | His vast empire was broken up into three Macedonian dynasties | 50 | |
| 4429814645 | Early Rome's economic wealth was based on _____. | Farming | 51 | |
| 4429814646 | Who was at the center of politics in the Roman Republic? | The Senate | 52 | |
| 4429814647 | Womens' rights in Rome | Could get a divorce, participate in religion and rituals, but could not be elected or vote; had influence on husbands and sons | 53 | |
| 4429814648 | Roman versus Greek expansion | 54 | ||
| 4429814649 | Why were the Punic Wars (fought against the Carthaginians) important? | Rome won control of the western Mediterranean | 55 | |
| 4429814650 | What was the main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic? | Military leaders had armies loyal to them rather than to the state | 56 | |
| 4429814651 | After the fall of the republic, how did Rome grow in commerce? | The implementation of the Pax Romana (Roman peace) | 57 | |
| 4429814652 | Why was becoming a Christian considered disloyal in Rome? | Christians could not worship the emperor as a deity | 58 | |
| 4429814653 | Who were NOT among the earliest converts to Christianity? | Urban merchants | 59 | |
| 4429814654 | Who reformed Rome in the third century? | Diocletian | 60 | |
| 4429814655 | Roman emperor who converted to Christianity | Constantine- ushered in a time of tolerance, acceptance, and eventual dominance of Christianity | 61 | |
| 4429814656 | Roman emperor who converted to Christianity | established Constantinople as the new imperial capital of the Roman Empire in 324 CE | 62 | |
| 4429814657 | What happened after the Warring States Period in China? | Creation of first empire under Qin state | 63 | |
| 4429814658 | What did Shi Huangdi build? | Defensive walls that ultimately made up the Great Wall of China | 64 | |
| 4429814659 | Who was buried with Shi Huangdi? | Terra Cotta Army- thousands of statues of soldiers | 65 | |
| 4429814660 | The capital of the Han dynasty was _____. | Chang'an | 66 | |
| 4429814661 | Han innovations | Paper, compass, steampost rudder, horse collar, watermill, crossbow | 67 | |
| 4429814662 | What was the leading export of the Han? | Silk | 68 | |
| 4429814663 | Indian civilization was founded in what age? | Vedic Age | 69 | |
| 4429814664 | Reincarnation | -Underlying message of the cycle of reincarnation says you are who you deserve to be -Reincarnation of the atman into a given class depends on karma or deeds in life | 70 | |
| 4429814665 | Brahmins | -They may have delayed the introduction of writing because they were trying to protect their status within society as the keepers of knowledge -The highest caste in India | 71 | |
| 4429814666 | What are the Four Noble Truths? | Life is suffering, desire causes suffering, end suffering by ending desire, end desire by following the Eightfold Path | 72 | |
| 4429814667 | The ultimate reward in Buddhism is _____. | Nirvana | 73 | |
| 4429814668 | A Buddhist who has found enlightenment is called a _____. | Bodhisattava | 74 | |
| 4429814669 | Why did Ashoka convert to Buddhism? | He was overwhelmed by the brutality of his early conquests | 75 | |
| 4429814670 | What was traded in India during the Gupta period? | Ivory, jewels, textiles, salt, iron; cotton cloth, metalwork | 76 | |
| 4429814671 | What was critical for the Silk Road to function? | Pastoralists who provided animals, handlers and protection along the road | 77 | |
| 4429814672 | Military technologies spread along the Silk Road | Chariot warfare, mounted bowmen, the stirrup | 78 | |
| 4429814673 | Indian Ocean Trade | -Mariners involved were a multilingual and multiethnic group -Forged social and economic ties between East Africa, Arabia, India, China, and Southeast Asia | 79 | |
| 4429814674 | Indian Ocean Trade | -Ships in the Indian Ocean Maritime System were better prepared for long-distance travel than the Greeks because they could take advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships | 80 | |
| 4429814675 | Indian Ocean Trade | -Difference between Indian Ocean and Mediterranean seafaring was that Mediterranean seamen rarely sailed far from shore -Significant differences between ships of the Indian Ocean and those of the Mediterranean were triangular lateen sails, bitumen calk of boat bottoms, rare use of oars, pierced planks tied together | 81 | |
| 4429814676 | What where some foods carried to Africa through Indian Ocean Trade? | Yams and bananas | 82 | |
| 4429814677 | The animal most important to Saharan trade was the _____. | Camel | 83 | |
| 4429814678 | The natural resource used in Saharan trade was _____. | Salt | 84 | |
| 4429814679 | The Savannah region of Africa (Mali, Benin, Songhai) was characterized by what? | Long grasses and scattered forests | 85 | |
| 4429814680 | Where do most sub-Saharan languages come from? | Bantu | 86 | |
| 4429814681 | Which religion spread along both the Silk Road and Indian Ocean Trade? | Buddhism | 87 | |
| 4429814682 | Where was the Sassanid Empire? | Iran | 88 | |
| 4429814683 | What kind of agriculture did the Sassanid Empire gain from other places? | Cotton, sugar, corn, rice, citrus trees | 89 | |
| 4429814684 | What do Christianity and Zoroastrianism have in common? | -Monotheistic -Belief in a heaven and a hell | 90 | |
| 4429814685 | Why is Mecca important? | It is a caravan city and pilgrimage site of the Ka'ba | 91 | |
| 4429814686 | What does "Islam" mean? | Surrender to the will of God | 92 | |
| 4429814687 | Where did Islam come from? | Mecca after Muhammad experienced revelations | 93 | |
| 4429814688 | What happened after Muhammad's death? | The community chose a caliph, Abu Bakr | 94 | |
| 4429814689 | Muslim religious practice is based on _____. | the Five Pillars | 95 | |
| 4429814690 | Where are Muhammad's revelations written? | the Qur'an | 96 | |
| 4429814691 | What happened after the Islamic schism? | A civil war broke out; Ali was assassinated and the Umayyads regained control | 97 | |
| 4429814692 | What areas did Muslims NOT have control over? | Eastern Europe | 98 | |
| 4429814693 | The capital of the Umayyad caliphate was _____. | Damascus | 99 | |
| 4429814694 | Why is the Abbasid considered the Golden Age of Islam? | It created a refined and cosmopolitan culture in Baghdad | 100 | |
| 4429814695 | What is the Shari'a? | Body of Islamic law to regulate daily living | 101 | |
| 4429814696 | Womens' rights in Islam | They were permitted to divorce, practice birth control, own property, adopted the Byzantine and Sassanid custom of veiling (did NOT often play a role in public life) | 102 | |
| 4429814697 | A significant architectural contribution by the Byzantines (a church which was converted into a mosque) was the _____. | Hagia Sophia | 103 | |
| 4429814698 | What did Charles "the Hammer" do? | Was the founder of the Carolingian dynasty as well as the "mayor of the palace" during Clovis' descendants' rule; he stopped a Muslim army from expanding into Tours, France and served as a deputy of Clovis' last descendants | 104 | |
| 4429814699 | Feudal Europe | 105 | ||
| 4429814700 | What happened in England in the late eleventh century? | Invasion of Norman king William in 1066 led to the end of Anglo-Saxon domination in England | 106 | |
| 4429814701 | Feudal Europe | 107 | ||
| 4429814702 | Feudal Europe | 108 | ||
| 4429814703 | Military technologies in the Middle Ages | Metal weapons, stirrups, chain mail, heavy horses | 109 | |
| 4429814704 | Who ruled early Russia? | The Varangians, who were Swedish Vikings | 110 | |
| 4429814705 | In the late Middle Ages, why did the population increase in Europe? | Increased food production | 111 | |
| 4429814706 | Crusades | 112 | ||
| 4429814707 | What did the Sui build between northern and southern China? | Grand Canal | 113 | |
| 4429814708 | What is a tributary system? | A system in which defeated people pay a tax in the form of goods and labor to avert being taken over; the traditional Chinese system for managing foreign relations | 114 | |
| 4429814709 | Which fabric went through a production boom as a result of commerce between China and Central Asia? | Wool | 115 | |
| 4429814710 | Why did the Tang Empire decline? | Political decay and military fragmentation undermined the social order | 116 | |
| 4429814711 | Technologies from the Song Empire | -Stern mounted rudder, high quality steel, gunpowder -Led to the Song coming close to having an industrial revolution | 117 | |
| 4429814712 | Who is important in Neoconfucianism? | The ideal person is the sage | 118 | |
| 4429814713 | Civil Service Examinations | By instituting civil service examinations for entrance into the government bureaucracy, the Song recruited the most talented men for government service | 119 | |
| 4429814714 | Women during the Song Period | Experienced subordination and social restriction, epitomized by footbinding | 120 | |
| 4429814715 | The Chinese borrowed _____ from Korea. | Moveable type | 121 | |
| 4429814716 | Which custom did the Japanese NOT implement from China? | Walls around its cities for protection | 122 | |
| 4429814717 | Japanese emperors | Seldom wielded any real political power | 123 | |
| 4429814718 | What did Lady Murasaki do? | Wrote the Tale of Genji | 124 | |
| 4429814719 | Religion in Teotihuacán was _____. | polytheistic with eight deities; practiced human sacrifice | 125 | |
| 4429814720 | The earliest Mesoamerican civilization was the _____. | Olmec | 126 | |
| 4429814721 | Andean civilizations | Were isolated and mountainous | 127 | |
| 4429814722 | Andean civilizations | Its mountain agriculture supposed meat, grains, and potatoes | 128 | |
| 4429814723 | Andean civilizations | 129 | ||
| 4429814724 | The Mongol way of life was _____. | Pastoral | 130 | |
| 4429814725 | How did the Mongols expand and control territories? | 131 | ||
| 4429814726 | Where was the first Mongol conquest? | China | 132 | |
| 4429814727 | The Mongols in Russia | -Khanate of the Golden Horde -Instead of indirect rule, the Mongols demanded heavy tribute from native princes | 133 | |
| 4429814728 | The Mongols in Russia | -Russian princes, who had to pay the required tributes and taxes, found it useful to adopt the Mongols' weapons, diplomatic rituals, court practices, taxation system, and military draft. Mongol policies facilitated, even though it wasn't intentional, the rise of Moscow as the core of a new Russian state | 134 | |
| 4429814729 | What did Kublai Khan do? | Yuan Dynasty | 135 | |
| 4429814730 | Effects of the Mongol trade routes | 136 | ||
| 4429814731 | What was the conflict between two khans? | Arose between the Il-khans and the Golden Horde over religious differences; the Il-khans were Islamic, and the Golden Horde was Christian | 137 | |
| 4429814732 | The Mongols in China | -Used Chinese administrative practices, techniques of taxation, and their postal system. They gave themselves a Chinese dynastic title, the Yuan. They changed their capital Karakorum in Mongolia to what is now Beijing. The Mongols were settling themselves solidly on the soil of a highly sophisticated civilization, removed from their homeland on the steppes -Permanently reuni | 138 | |
| 4429814733 | What happened after the Mongols left China? | The Ming Dynasty worked hard to erase evidence of the foreign incursion | 139 | |
| 4429814734 | The Mongols and Japan | 140 | ||
| 4429814735 | The Mongols and Japan | 141 | ||
| 4429814736 | "Kamikaze" means _____. | "Suicide" | 142 | |
| 4429814737 | What affects the seasons in the Indian Ocean? | Monsoons | 143 | |
| 4429814738 | How did the empires of Mali and West Africa govern people? | Kingships reinforced by Islam | 144 | |
| 4429814739 | The spread of Islam in Africa | 145 | ||
| 4429814740 | How did Mali become so rich? | Taxes on trade | 146 | |
| 4429814741 | Mansa Musa and his hajj | Demonstrated the enormous wealth of his country; distributed so much gold that he caused the inflation of many countries' economies | 147 | |
| 4429814742 | What was the main kind of ship used in the Arabian sea? | Dhow | 148 | |
| 4429814743 | The economics and powers of Great Zimbabwe | 149 | ||
| 4429814744 | Why was sailing in the Indian Ocean less difficult and less dangerous than in other places? | The monsoons were predictable and steady | 150 | |
| 4429814745 | What were the main types of ships in the Indian Ocean? | Dhows and junks | 151 | |
| 4429814746 | What two nations began a maritime revolution that changed the world? | Portugal and Spain | 152 | |
| 4429814747 | What motives led to Iberian (Iberian peninsula: Portugal and Spain) overseas expansion? | -Their economic, religious, and political motives to expand contact and increase contact and improvements in maritime and military technology -Christian militancy, Iberian search for material goods and their eagerness to find new routes via the Atlantic to Africa and Asia | 153 | |
| 4429814748 | Why was Prince Henry of Portugal known as Henry the Navigator? | He founded an institution in Sagres for studying navigation and getting info on lands past Muslim North Africa | 154 | |
| 4429814749 | The main goal of Portuguese explorers was to _____. | Gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade | 155 | |
| 4429814750 | Two important technologies, the compass and the astrolabe, were borrowed from where? | China | 156 | |
| 4429814751 | Portuguese ships were called _____. | Caravels | 157 | |
| 4429814752 | Christopher Columbus was from _____. | Genoa, Italy (however, his voyages were funded by Spain) | 158 | |
| 4429814753 | The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the world between _____ and _____. | Portugal and Spain | 159 | |
| 4429814754 | The most profitable and strongest colony of Europe was _____. | The Americas | 160 | |
| 4429814755 | The difference between the Spanish empire and the Portuguese empire was _____. | The Spanish established a vast territorial empire in the Americas, while the Portuguese established trading empires in Africa and Asia. The Spanish kingdoms had somewhat greater resources to draw on | 161 | |
| 4429814756 | "Conquistador" means _____. | "Conquer"; an early 16th century Spanish adventurer who conquered Mexico, Central America and Peru | 162 | |
| 4429814757 | What were Cortes' advantages over the Aztecs? | Overcame Aztec opposition with cavalry charges and steel swords and by gaining the support of thousands of Amerindian allies from among the unhappy subjects of the Aztecs | 163 | |
| 4429814758 | How many men did Pizarro have when he defeated the Inca? | 180 | 164 | |
| 4429814759 | What did Europe do with tobacco? | 165 | ||
| 4429814760 | What was needed to expand sugar plantations? | A sharp increase in the African slave trade | 166 | |
| 4429814761 | How did France and England expand their Caribbean holdings? | They attacked older Spanish colonies | 167 | |
| 4429814762 | How do sugar plantations cause environmental damage? | Soil exhaustion and deforestation | 168 | |
| 4429814763 | How did most slaves die? | Disease | 169 | |
| 4429814764 | What methods did Europeans use to control African culture? | 170 | ||
| 4429814765 | Mercantilism is defined as _____. | European government policy designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their motherland countries | 171 | |
| 4429814766 | The second leg of the Atlantic circuit that transported slaves was called _____. | the Middle Passage | 172 | |
| 4429814767 | Africans kings who provided slaves to Europe traded their slaves for what? | Guns and textiles | 173 | |
| 4429814768 | The greatest mariners of the Atlantic Ocean in the early Middle Ages were _____. | The Vikings | 174 | |
| 4429814769 | Bonus Short Answer Questions (Pick 5, write minimum of 3 sentences for each) | 1. The Difference in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras 2. How did womens' rights change after the Neolithic Revolution? 3. How did geography affect Greece? 4. Silk Road 5. Spread of Islam 6. Feudal Europe 7. Crusades 8. Politics and Religion in Mesoamerica 9. Mongols | 175 |
