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| 6040009419 | CHAP 1 The term prehistory refers to the period before a. 1000 B.C.E. b. the first hominid. c. writing. d. the appearance of Homo sapiens. | c. writing | 0 | |
| 6040009420 | CHAP 1 From the period four million to one million years ago, which of the following flourished in east Africa? a. Homo sapiens b. Australopithecus c. Neandertal peoples d. Homo erectus | b. Australopithecus | 1 | |
| 6040009421 | CHAP 1 The most important development of Homo erectus was a. writing. b. fire. c. stone tools. d. their communication skills. | d. their communication skills. | 2 | |
| 6040009422 | CHAP 1 Homo sapiens used superior knowledge, sophisticated tools, and language to a. build cities. b. communicate limited ideas to each other. c. exploit the natural world more efficiently than any other species. d. make tools and fire. | c. exploit the natural world more efficiently than any other species. | 3 | |
| 6040009423 | CHAP 1 Which of the following statements is TRUE of the inhabitants of the Paleolithic Age? a. They domesticated animals. b. They were hunters and gatherers. c. They had discovered agriculture. d. They had mastered working with iron. | b. They were hunters and gatherers. | 4 | |
| 6040009424 | CHAP 1 Most scholars believe that, during the Paleolithic Age, social organization was characterized by a. a dominant matriarchal structure. b. a relative social equality. c. a ruling priestly class. d. a ruling merchant class. | b. a relative social equality. | 5 | |
| 6040009425 | CHAP 1 It is believed that early human cave paintings, like the one on the left, represented a. a variety of sympathetic magic. b. the first conscious development of art for its own sake. c. positive proof of the limited intellectual world of the early human. d. early worship of the forces of evil. | a. a variety of sympathetic magic. |  | 6 |
| 6040009426 | CHAP 1 What do the archaeologists now believe is the most fundamental difference between the Neolithic and Paleolithic eras? a. use of tools b. reliance on agriculture for subsistence c. reliance on foraging for subsistence d. artistry | b. reliance on agriculture for subsistence | 7 | |
| 6040009427 | CHAP 1 Catal Huyuk is significant because a. it marks the first human use of tools. b. it was the site of the first human agriculture. c. it is one of the best known Neolithic settlements. d. it marks the beginning of human civilization. | c. it is one of the best known Neolithic settlements. | 8 | |
| 6040009428 | CHAP 1 The earliest of the three Neolithic craft industries was a. metallurgy. b. textile production. c. pottery. d. carpet weaving. | c. pottery. | 9 | |
| 6040009429 | CHAP 1 The ultimate source of wealth in any agricultural society is a. copper. b. land. c. the accumulation of weapons. d. gold. | b. land. | 10 | |
| 6040009430 | CHAP 1 The belief that Neolithic religious thought clearly reflected the natural world of early agricultural society is based on observation of a. cave paintings. b. religious texts. c. representations of gods and goddesses. d. fossils. | c. representations of gods and goddesses. | 11 | |
| 6040009431 | CHAP 1 The earliest metal worked systematically by humans was a. iron. b. copper. c. tin. d. bronze. | b. copper. | 12 | |
| 6040009432 | CHAP 1 The map shows a. the global spread of wheat as a result of human migration. b. the independent development of agriculture in both the eastern and western hemispheres. c. the migrations of Australopithecus out of Africa. d. the cultural development of early societies of the Paleolithic Age. | b. the independent development of agriculture in both the eastern and western hemispheres. |  | 13 |
| 6040009433 | CHAP 1 Cities differed from Neolithic villages in two principal ways. First, cities were larger and more complex than Neolithic villages. The second difference was that a. cities had populations in the thousands. b. cities served the needs of their inhabitants and immediate neighbors. c. cities were less advanced militarily. d. cities decisively influenced the economic, political, and cultural life of large regions. | d. cities decisively influenced the economic, political, and cultural life of large regions. | 14 | |
| 6040009434 | CHAP 2 Gilgamesh was associated with what city? a. Jerusalem. b. Kish. c. Uruk. d. Lagash. | c. Uruk. | 15 | |
| 6040009435 | CHAP 2 The word Mesopotamia means a. "the blood of Gilgamesh." b. the "pure land." c. "the land between the rivers." d. "wedge-shaped." | c. "the land between the rivers." | 16 | |
| 6040009436 | CHAP 2 Which of the following is NOT a Semitic language? a. Sumerian b. Hebrew c. Phoenician d. Aramaic | a. Sumerian | 17 | |
| 6040009437 | CHAP 2 The first complex society was developed in the southern Mesopotamian land of a. Akkad. b. Babylonia. c. Palestine. d. Sumer. | d. Sumer. | 18 | |
| 6040009438 | CHAP 2 The Mesopotamian stepped pyramid at the right is known as a a. lex talionis. b. ziggurat. c. eridu. d. lugal. | b. ziggurat. |  | 19 |
| 6040009439 | CHAP 2 After 3000 BCE all Sumerian cities were ruled by what form of government? a. monarchy b. military governors c. dictators d. assemblies of citizens | a. monarchy | 20 | |
| 6040009440 | CHAP 2 The creator of the first empire in Mesopotamia was a. Gilgamesh. b. Hammurabi. c. Moses. d. Sargon of Akkad. | d. Sargon of Akkad. | 21 | |
| 6040009441 | CHAP 2 While Hammurabi's code was based on the concept of lex talionis, it was also shaped by a. the religion of the victim. b. social standing. c. the will of the Mesopotamian gods as expressed by the priestly class. d. the language spoken by the accused perpetrator. | b. social standing. | 22 | |
| 6040009442 | CHAP 2 The Babylonians eventually fell in 1595 BCE to the a. Akkadians. b. Egyptians. c. Hittites. d. Sumerians. | c. Hittites. | 23 | |
| 6040009443 | CHAP 2 The later Mesopotamian people who built a large empire based on a powerful army with iron weapons and who made extensive use of terror were the a. Hyksos. b. Assyrians. c. Hebrews. d. Hittites. | b. Assyrians. | 24 | |
| 6040009444 | CHAP 2 Mesopotamian metalworkers discovered that if they alloyed copper and tin they could produce a. bronze. b. obsidian. c. steel. d. iron. | a. bronze. | 25 | |
| 6040009445 | CHAP 2 Iron metallurgy came to Mesopotamia from the a. Egyptians. b. Hebrews. c. Hittites. d. Phoenicians. | c. Hittites. | 26 | |
| 6040009446 | CHAP 2 The first people in the world to use wheeled vehicles were the a. Assyrians. b. Egyptians. c. Phoenicians. d. Sumerians. | d. Sumerians. | 27 | |
| 6040009447 | CHAP 2 Evidence shows that the people of Mesopotamia a. traded extensively until the time of the Assyrians, when trade dropped to nothing. b. traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, Egypt, and India. c. lived an isolated existence and did not trade. d. traded exclusively with the Egyptians. | b. traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, Egypt, and India. | 28 | |
| 6040009448 | CHAP 2 In Mesopotamia, prisoners of war, convicted criminals, and heavily indebted individuals were the three main sources for a. mercenary soldiers. b. dependent clients. c. indentured servants. d. slaves. | d. slaves. | 29 | |
| 6040009449 | CHAP 2 Hebrew monotheism has its origins with a. Moses. b. Joseph. c. Solomon. d. Abraham. | a. Moses. | 30 | |
| 6040009450 | CHAP 2 The first simplified alphabet at the right, containing only twenty-two letters, was created by the a. Phoenicians. b. Assyrians. c. Hebrews. d. Mesopotamians. | a. Phoenicians. |  | 31 |
| 6040009451 | CHAP 2 Mesopotamia developed into a. a strict patriarchal society. b. a society where the sexes enjoyed relative equality. c. a society with few social distinctions. d. a predominantly matriarchal society. | a. a strict patriatchal society. | 32 | |
| 6040009452 | CHAP 2 Conditions for women in Mesopotamia a. improved dramatically when women were allowed to do away with the veil. b. increased dramatically over the centuries. c. reached their high point during the time of the Assyrians. d. grew increasingly worse over time. | d. grew increasingly worse over time. | 33 | |
| 6040009453 | CHAP 2 The most influential ancient Indo-European migrants into southwest Asia were the a. Aryans. b. Hebrews. c. Hittites. d. Assyrians. | c. Hittites. | 34 | |
| 6040009454 | CHAP 3 Which of the following societies began the custom of embalming to preserve the body for its life after death? a. India b. Mesopotamia c. Egypt d. Persia | c. Egypt | 35 | |
| 6040009455 | CHAP 3 The Greek historian Herodotus used the phrase "the gift of the _____" to describe Egypt. a. Indus b. Huang He c. Tigris d. Nile | d. Nile | 36 | |
| 6040009456 | CHAP 3 The earliest Egyptian and Nubian states were a. small kingdoms. b. city-states. c. centralized empires. d. trading networks. | a. small kingdoms. | 37 | |
| 6040009457 | CHAP 3 Egypt was united around 3100 BCE by the conqueror a. Khufu. b. Menes. c. Sargon of Akkad. d. Hatshepsut. | b. Menes. | 38 | |
| 6040009458 | CHAP 3 The largest Egyptian pyramids were built during the a. Old Kingdom. b. Middle Kingdom c. New Kingdom. d. Archaic Period. | a. Old Kingdom | 39 | |
| 6040009459 | CHAP 3 The capital of the kingdom of Kush was a. Harappa. b. Axum. c. Memphis. d. Kerma. | d. Kerma. | 40 | |
| 6040009460 | CHAP 3 Pharaohs in the New Kingdom were a. sacrificed at age thirty-two to insure a bountiful harvest. b. more vigorous in their attempts to extend Egyptian authority beyond the Nile valley and delta. c. set on the throne by the Roman emperor Julius Caesar. d. descended from a line of Babylonian kings. | b. more vigorous in their attempts to extend Egyptian authority beyond the Nile valley and delta. | 41 | |
| 6040009461 | CHAP 3 Around 3100BCE, the conqueror Menes founded ______, a city that would serve as the capital for early Egypt. a. Heliopolis b. Thebes c. Memphis d. Uruk | c. Memphis | 42 | |
| 6040009462 | CHAP 3 The Hyksos were a. nomads who eventually settled around the city of Babylon. b. the priestly class in ancient Egypt. c. demons who punished the wicked in the Egyptian underworld. d. external invaders who helped bring about the end of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. | d. external invaders who helped bring about the end of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. | 43 | |
| 6040009463 | CHAP 3 Horse-drawn chariots and bronze weapons were introduced into Egypt by the a. Babylonians. b. Hyksos. c. Kushites. d. Harappans. | b. Hyksos. | 44 | |
| 6040009464 | CHAP 3 The Egyptians were the most imperialistic during the a. First Intermediary Period. b. Archaic Period. c. Old Kingdom. d. New Kingdom. | d. New Kingdom. | 45 | |
| 6040009465 | CHAP 3 During the eighth century BCE, Egyptian fell under the control of the _____ for around a century. a. Persians b. Kushites c. Babylonians d. Romans | b. Kushites | 46 | |
| 6040009466 | CHAP 3 In the mid-seventh century BCE, Egypt lost its independence and became a part of a. the Persian Empire. b. the Arabic Empire. c. the Assyrian Empire. d. the Roman Empire. | c. the Assyrian Empire. | 47 | |
| 6040009467 | CHAP 3 Hatshepsut was a. a woman who ruled Egypt as pharaoh. b. the Hebrew term for their god. c. the first conqueror to unite all of Mesopotamia. d. a Mesopotamian king of the gods. | a. a woman who ruled Egypt as pharaoh. | 48 | |
| 6040009468 | CHAP 3 In Africa, iron metallurgy a. was introduced by Persian merchants. b. arose independently. c. did not appear until after the rise of trans-Saharan trade. d. was imported into the continent by trade with the Mesopotamians. | b. arose independently. | 49 | |
| 6040009469 | CHAP 3 The Egyptians traded through the Red Sea with a land they called Punt, which was probably a. modern-day Somalia. b. Sri Lanka. c. Harappan India. d. Assyria. | a. modern-day Somalia. | 50 | |
| 6040009470 | CHAP 3 The Greek words meaning "holy inscriptions" or "sacred carvings" refers to a. the Old Testament. b. cuneiform. c. hieroglyphs. d. the Coptic script. | c. hieroglyphs. | 51 | |
| 6040009471 | CHAP 3 Meroitic writing a. has now been completely translated. b. expressed the general Egyptian optimism with life. c. was introduced into India by the Indo-Europeans. d. was a Nubian script that borrowed Egyptian hieroglyphs. | d. was a Nubian script that borrowed Egyptian hieroglyphs. | 52 | |
| 6040009472 | CHAP 3 The Bantu originally came from around a. modern-day Nigeria. b. the Swahili area. c. far southern Africa. d. modern-day Algeria. | a. modern-day Nigeria. | 53 | |
| 6040009473 | CHAP 3 The Bantu probably began their migrations because of a. invasions from the Mediterranean basin. b. population pressures. c. the threat of epidemic disease. d. a conscious desire for conquest. | b. population pressures. | 54 | |
| 6040009474 | CHAP 4 Our understanding of Harappan society depends entirely on a. written records uncovered in Harappa and other Dravidian cities. b. archaeological discoveries of Harappan physical remains below the water table. c. archeological discoveries of Harappan physical remains above the water table. d. the Vedas and the Upanishads. | c. archaeological discoveries of Harappan physical remains above the water table. | 55 | |
| 6040009475 | CHAP 4 The inhabitants of Harappan society enjoyed a rich variety of diet. Their food included a. wheat, barley, chicken, cattle, sheep, goats. b. soybeans, sorghum, rice, pigs, fish. c. sweet potatoes, tomatoes, maize, cacao beans. d. millet, yams, legumes, no meat. | a. wheat, barley, chicken, cattle, sheep, goats. | 56 | |
| 6040009476 | CHAP 4 In the sites of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, archaeologists have found a high degree of standardizations of weights, measures, architectural styles, and even brick sizes. Such standardization may suggest that a. the Harappan state was very oppressive, forcing different racial groups to adopt the same standards. b. there might have been a central authority powerful enough to reach all corners of society. c. there was a high degree of commercialization in the economy. d. these cultures actually migrated from Mesopotamia. | b. there might have been a central authority powerful enough to reach all corners of society. | 57 | |
| 6040009477 | CHAP 4 Archaeologists claim that there were sharp social distinctions in Harappan society, which can be illustrated by the people's a. gold, gems, and decorative items. b. bathrooms, showers, and toilets. c. foods, clothes, and hairstyles. d. houses, ovens, and wells. | b. bathrooms, showers, and toilets. | 58 | |
| 6040009478 | CHAP 4 Harappan religion reflected a strong concern for fertility. We know this because a. it was very common for the peoples in other early agricultural societies to honor fertility gods of goddesses. b. the bronze figurine of a dancing girl discovered at Mohenjo-daro reveals this point. c. of the similarities between the images of Harappan deities and the images of Hindu fertility deities. d. there is written documentation to support it. | c. of the similarities between the images of Harappan deities and the images of Hindu fertility deities. | 59 | |
| 6040009479 | CHAP 4 By about 1700 BCE, the residents of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro began to abandon their cities because a. frequent epidemics made city living impossible. b. deforestation of the Indus River valley brought about ecological degradation. c. the horse-riding Aryans began to invade the cities. d. the Indus River dried up. | b. deforestation of the Indus River valley brought about ecological degradation. | 60 | |
| 6040009480 | CHAP 4Evidence relating to trade indicates that Harappan India a. was isolated and did not trade. b. traded with the Mesopotamians. c. imported substantially more than they exported. d. traded exclusively with China. | b. traded with the Mesopotamians. | 61 | |
| 6040009481 | CHAP 4 Which of the following is NOT true about the Indo-Europeans who migrated the the Indian subcontinent? a. they were primarily farmers b. they utilized horses for transportation c. they judged wealth by the number of cattle d. they called themselves Aryans. | d. they called themselves Aryans. | 62 | |
| 6040009482 | CHAP 4 The period of Indian history from 1500 to 500 BCE is called the Vedic Age. It is so called because a. this was how the Aryans referred to this period. b. the four earliest religious texts were compiled in this period. c. this was the period in which the Indians were particularly religious. d. the major god was Vedas. | b. the four earliest religious texts were compiled in this period. | 63 | |
| 6040009483 | CHAP 4 The Aryans' term for their four original castes was a. jati. b. brahmans. c. varnas. d. shudras. | c. varnas. | 64 | |
| 6040009484 | CHAP 4 The Indian caste system a. was a central institution that served to promote social stability. b. was incapable of accommodating social changes. c. was actually not much of a restriction on the upward mobility of individuals. d. did not persist beyond the Vedic age. | a. was a central institution that served to promote social stability. | 65 | |
| 6040009485 | CHAP 4 One of the hymns in the Rig Veda offered a brief account of the origins of the four varnas (castes). It was said that a. the four castes were created according to the wills of Indra and Agni (the god of fire). b. Purusha, a primeval being, sacrificed himself in order to create the four castes. c. the brahman priests created the four castes with themselves at the top. d. the four castes emanated from the four parts of Purusha when the gods sacrificed him. | a. the four castes were created according to the wills of Indra and Agni (the god of fire). | 66 | |
| 6040009486 | CHAP 4 When a Hindu widow voluntarily threw herself on her dead husband's funeral pyre it was known as a. jati. b. manu. c. samsara. d. sati. | d. sati. | 67 | |
| 6040009487 | CHAP 4 Aryan religion during the early Vedic Age was relatively unconcerned with ethics, but concerned itself more with a. ritual sacrifices and the god of war. b. fertility and immortality. c. spirituality and meditation. d. building religious buildings. | a. ritual sacrifices and the god of war. | 68 | |
| 6040009488 | CHAP 4 The Upanishads can be best characterized as a. the spiritual longing of the Aryans. b. the further development of the religious tradition of the Dravidians. c. a how-to book of religious ritual. d. the blending of Aryan and Dravidian values. | d. the blending of Aryan and Dravidian values. | 69 | |
| 6040009489 | CHAP 4 According to the teachings of the Upanishads, the highest goal of the individual soul was a. to attain the state of samsara. b. to attain the state of moksha. c. to avoid one's karma. d. to separate from Brahman. | b. to attain the state of moksha. | 70 | |
| 6040009490 | CHAP 4 The two principal means to achieve the goal of moksha are a. asceticism and meditation. b. righteous battle and conquest. c. artistic expression and logical intellectual progression. d. blood-letting and human sacrifice. | a. asceticism and meditation. | 71 | |
| 6040009491 | CHAP 4 The Upanishads were a. the priestly class from the caste system b. a branch of the Indo-Europeans who settled in northern India. c. the untouchables. d. commentaries and reflections on the Vedas. | d. commentaries and reflections on the Vedas. | 72 | |
| 6040009492 | CHAP 4 According to the teachings of the Upanishads, an individual should a. be attached to the material world as closely as possible. b. ignore ethical standards, since these standards were not the ultimate reality. c. observe high ethical standards like honesty, self-control, and charity. d. avoid any inclinations to gain self-knowledge. | c. observe high ethical standards like honesty, self-control, and charity. | 73 | |
| 6040009493 | CHAP 4 This passage from the Upanishads explains what Hindu concept? "Now as a man is like this or like that, according as he acts and according as he behaves, so will be be: a man of good acts will become good, a man of bad acts, bad." a. dharma b. karma c. varna d. moksha | b. karma | 74 |
