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AP World History - Religions Flashcards

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2557841778The influence of PolytheismIt was at the center of art and architecture in ancient civilizations: temples and pyramids were built for the gods, for example. It also created rigid social structures with a priest class.0
2557841779Confucianismdeveloped specifically for Chinese culture; Confucius wrote the Analects; focused on relationships between people; this focus created distinctive Chinese society1
2557841780The appeal of Confucianismwas a social and political philosophy, not a religion. It was therefore compatible with other religions, having broader influence.2
2557841781Why Confucianism did not spread from ChinaIt is developed specifically for Chinese culture3
2557841782Words associated with Confucianismjunzi (ideal individuals), ren (humanity), li (respect), xiao (filial piety)4
2557841783Daoismfounded by Lao-tzu; stresses simple, passive life in harmony with nature; served as a counterbalance to Confucian activism; promoted scientific discoveries because of nature5
2557841784Legalismpracticed during Qin Dynasty, thought people were bad and needed harsh laws and government, inadvertently caused wider acceptance of Confucianism and Daoism through oppression6
2557841785Hinduismbegan with Aryan invaders, Vedas and Upanishads are sacred texts, is heavily intertwined with caste system, spawned Buddhism7
2557841786Why Hinduism did not spread from IndiaIt is tightly intertwined with Indian culture8
2557841787Words associated with Hinduismdharma (rules of each caste), moksha (highest state of being, end of reincarnation), Brahma (creator god), Vishnu (preserver god), Shiva (destroyer god)9
2557841788Buddhismpracticed in Eastern civilizations, founded by Hindu prince Siddhartha Gautama (563 to 483 BCE), split into Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism with his death10
2557841789Influence of Buddhismrejected caste system; can apply to most anyone, anywhere because it is not attached to a social structure11
2557841790Words associated with BuddhismFour Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, nirvana (perfect state of peace and harmony)12
2557841791Judaismpracticed by Hebrews, first monotheistic faith, sacred text is the Torah13
2557841792Christianitybased around teachings of Jesus of Nazareth; sacred text is the Bible; actively try and convert people14
2557841793Influence of ChristianityIt appealed to lower classes and women because it promised eternal life; it profoundly affected world developments following Constantine's embracing of the religion15
2557841794PopeThe head of the Catholic church.16
2557841795PatriarchThe head of the Eastern Orthodox church.17
2557841796MuslimOne who "submits to the will of Allah."18
2557841797Rosh HashanaJewish New Year19
2557841798Judaism, Christianity, IslamThe three main monotheistic religions in chronological order.20
2557841799simonyThe buying and selling of any church office.21
2557841800PeterHe is considered the first Pope.22
2557841801Sheva, Vishnu, BrahmaThe three main gods of Hinduism.23
2557841802BrahmanThe universal spirit in Hinduism.24
2557841803ConfucianismThis religion believes in 5 constant relationships and upkeeping the greater good.25
2557841804VarnaThis word means color, and is another name for the Cast system with the Aryans being at the top.26
2557841805Theravada and MahayanaThe main branches of Buddhism.27
2557841806Sunni and Shi'aThe main branches of Islam.28
2557841807SunniThe less conservative of the two main branches of Islam.29
2557841808Shi'aThe more conservative of the two main branches of Islam.30
2557841809GabrielThe angel that revealed himself to Muhammad over a 23 year period.31
2557841810OnceProfession of faith made by Muslims. Must be done _______ time(s).32
2557841811PrayerMust be done five times a day by Muslims.33
25578418122.5%Percentage of income that must be given to charity by Muslims.34
2557841813RamadanA month of fasting in Islam.35
2557841814HajjA pilgrimage to Mecca made by Muslims at least once.36
2557841815HinduismThe oldest religion still practiced today.37
2557841816Varna/Cast systemSystem that determined marriage, education, and where a person could live.38
2557841817JatiSubgroups within the Cast, based on job of the head of the household.39
2557841818BrahmaThe creator.40
2557841819VishnuThe preserver.41
2557841820ShevaThe destroyer.42
2557841821GaneshaThe elephant god (of good fortune).43
2557841822atmanThe soul-self that belongs to Brahman.44
2557841823SamsaraReincarnation.45
2557841824KarmaWhat you do in this life affects the next.46
2557841825UnlimitedNumber of times one can be reincarnated in Hinduism.47
2557841826DahrmaReligious and ethical duties. (Goal of life in Hinduism)48
2557841827ArthaWealth and power. (Goal of life in Hinduism)49
2557841828KamaPhysical pleasure. (Goal of life in Hinduism)50
2557841829MokshaBecome good enough to escape rebirth, and become at one with the universal spirit.51
25578418304 Stages of Life (Hindu)Youthful study and celibasy, householder, reflect beyond daily activities, meditation and preparation for death.52
2557841831YogaMeditation.53
2557841832AhimsaNonviolence to all living things.54
2557841833NoCan people convert to Hinduism?55
2557841834Ganges RiverToxic river that sick people are dipped into.56
2557841835RigvedaMain sacred text of Hinduism.57
2557841836BuddhismReligion started by Siddhartha Gautama, a member of the elite and carefully brought up.58
2557841837Buddha"Enlightened one," thought to be a reincarnation of another enlightened human, who came back to continue.59
25578418384 Noble TruthsSuffering exists; suffering is caused by desire; to end suffering, end desire; to end desire, follow the eight fold path.60
25578418398 Fold PathRight view, right thought, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindedness, right meditation.61
25578418405 PreciptsDo not kill, do not steal, do not lie, do not be unchased, do not take anything that clouds the mind.62
2557841841NirvanaEscape from the cycle of rebirth.63
2557841842TripitakaThe sacred text of Buddhists.64
2557841843YahwehThe word for God in Judaism.65
2557841844TorahSacred text of Jews.66
25578418453 Branches of JudaismReform group, conservative, orthodox67
2557841846HanukkahA holiday in remembrance of the victory in a battle.68
2557841847Yom KippurDay of atonement, holy day of fasting and atonement for sins.69
2557841848ChristianityBased on the ways and life of Jesus Christ.70
2557841849Roman CatholicFirst formal church in Christianity.71
2557841850Martin LutherFirst leader of the Protestant church.72
2557841851BibleSacred text of Christians.73
25578418527 SacramentsHoly Communion, marriage, baptism, last rights, holy orders, confession, confirmation.74
2557841853ProtestantsThis group only accepts Baptism and Communion as sacraments.75
2557841854IslamReligion based on the teachings of the Profit Muhammad.76
2557841855Qu'ranHoly text of Muslims.77

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