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| 2422620945 | Neolithic Revolution ("New Stone") | AKA 1st agricultural revolution Domesticating plants and animals More reliable food sources Population increases Job specialization Technological advancements Patriarchy (male dominated society ) increased due to woman baring kids to help on farms | 0 | |
| 2430586139 | Impact of agriculture | More stable populations Deforestation (clear land for farming ) Bill just grew into permanent towns and cities roads were built to link them altering the landscape animals used not only for food but for agricultural labor Water control systems "irrigation" | 1 | |
| 2430604409 | Technology of neolithic revolution | Stone sharpened forming farming tools such as plows and hoes.pottery use for cooking. Weaving to shape baskets the nets and comfortable clothing wheels invented for use on carts in sails for boats | 2 | |
| 2430624392 | Bronze Age | Second part of the Neolithic era knowledge on how to use metals aids in the development of weapons ,combine copper and tin to create an even harder metal called bronze | 3 | |
| 2433010307 | Iron metallurgy | The process of melting down metal and casting it into various forms. Iron is a particularly strong metal which made tools weapons etc much stronger and more efficient than those of the previous Bronze Age | 4 | |
| 2422620946 | Paleolithic era (Old stone ) | Nomads Foraging societies ( faced serious risk like drought famine floods extreme temperatures and natural disasters b/c they were dependent on nature) Pastoral societies Often migratory (seasonal) | 5 | |
| 2432966649 | What increased population | Food surplus | 6 | |
| 2430386184 | Nomads (Basic needs) | Early people Food and shelter No advanced tools Best way to get shelter was to find it and the best way to get food was follow it | 7 | |
| 2430375306 | Hunting gathering (AKA Foraging) | Small groups Egalitarian (equal) Highly mobile (nomadic) Constant search for food Religion: cinimism (spirit world) shaman(talks to spirits) use fire in new ways to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments | 8 | |
| 2430551933 | Pastoral societies | Characterized by domestication of animals Developed new weapons and modes of transportation Found in mountainous regions in areas of insufficient rainfall Small scale agriculture Didn't settle down in towns because they had to continually search for food and water for the herds | 9 | |
| 2430703966 | River Valley civilization | Rivers provided a regular supply of water the means of transportation. Large areas of land large population distinct organized cultures | 10 | |
| 2430723444 | City states | Made up of an urban center and cultural land around it under it's control | 11 | |
| 2574022657 | Complex institutions | Civilizations | 12 | |
| 2430733784 | Major early civilizations locations | Mesopotamia Egypt India China and the Americas | 13 | |
| 2434759228 | Sumerian civilization | Polytheistic Developed a form of writing known as cuneiform (scribes used to set down laws treaties in important social religious customs) invented the wheel that reduced the time to transport goods and people. Southern part of Mesopotamia | 14 | |
| 2435229331 | Polytheistic | Belief in many gods | 15 | |
| 2435230294 | Monotheistic | Belief in one God | 16 | |
| 2454535513 | Zoroastrianism | One of the first widely followed monotheistic religions in Babylonia | 17 | |
| 2454548304 | Hellenistic | Greek culture Alexander the Great | 18 | |
| 2422620947 | Writings | Record keeping (pictographs ) | 19 | |
| 2422620948 | Mesopotamia (Southwest Asia) (writing) (Architecture) | Cuneiform Ziggurats:step shaped pyramid to honor deities sacrifice and pray to local gods | 20 | |
| 2422620949 | Egypt (writing) (Architecture) | Hieroglyphics: series of pictures Pyramids:tombs for pharaohs Mummification: preservation of dead bodies | 21 | |
| 2435562433 | Egypt social structure pyramid | Pharaoh Priest Nobles Peasants | 22 | |
| 2422620950 | China (writing) | Oracle bones (Shang) | 23 | |
| 2422620951 | Phoenicians (writing ) | Created alphabet (22 letters) Greeks later adopted it and eventually spread and changed to what it is now | 24 | |
| 2432972013 | Bureaucracy | People that help govern state | 25 | |
| 2422620952 | Code of Hammurabi | Babylonian legal code for Principle of retaliation An eye for an eye (not completely fair) Located in Mesopotamia | 26 | |
| 2574079962 | Indo European nomads | Hittites and Aryans | 27 | |
| 2435241067 | Hittites | Became military superpower using iron in their weapons and two wheeled chariots dominating the Babylonian region of Mesopotamia | 28 | |
| 2544763052 | Horseback riding | Diffused by central Asians and Hittites | 29 | |
| 2435547467 | Aryans | Nomadic tribes Used horses and advanced weaponry to defeat Indus Valley population migrating to India | 30 | |
| 2435299306 | Lydians | Came up with concept of using coined money to conduct trade instead of bartering | 31 | |
| 2435302428 | Hebrews | First Jews Belief in Judaism monotheistic Established Israel is Palestine | 32 | |
| 2435725115 | Judaism | Monotheistic Torah Abraham codification | 33 | |
| 2435568486 | Shang China | Hwang He river aka yellow river Isolated limited contact with rest Experts in the production of pottery and silk Patriarchal | 34 | |
| 2435660982 | Wu wang | Established Zhou dynasty | 35 | |
| 2435664311 | Zhou dynasty | Believe in the mandate of heaven developed a feudal system in China | 36 | |
| 2422620953 | Mandate of Heaven | Chinese belief that emperor sent by heaven to rule. Emperors rule justified by how society ran happiness or disaster | 37 | |
| 2430761559 | Mesopotamia | Land between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates constantly flooding and unpredictable Later settlements to build canals and dikes and build their towns farther uphill, enabling large city-states to emerge | 38 | |
| 2422634480 | Nile river | Predictable floods the god "happy" Rich soil (Egypt) lead to Food surplus Polytheistic | 39 | |
| 2435419957 | Indus River valley | Built along banks of a river system huge mountains north and west of the Indus River limited contact with outside civilizations Khyber pass through Hindu Kush mountains provided a connection to the outside world and was used by merchants on trade excursions | 40 | |
| 2435435281 | Khyber pass | Through Hindu Kush mountains Provided a connection to the outside world and was used by merchants on trade excursions | 41 | |
| 2435679323 | Olmec civilization | In the Americas Know today as Mexico Urban society supported by surpluses of corn beans and squash Polytheistic DID NOT DEVELOP IN RIVER VALLEYS | 42 | |
| 2435682798 | Chavin civilization | In the Americas In the Andes Polytheistic Urban civilization with access to the coast adding seafood to their diets Used llamas as beast of burden DID NOT DEVELOP IN RIVER VALLEYS | 43 | |
| 2435722969 | Bantu migration | Farmers in west Africa began migrating south and east bringing with them their languages and knowledge of agriculture and metallurgy | 44 | |
| 2435741626 | Why do people migrate | Find food Shelter Avoid natural disasters/permanent climate changes Famine | 45 | |
| 2422641090 | Axial age | Birth of major religions | 46 | |
| 2422645678 | Buddhism | Siddhartha Gautama rejects caste system Nirvana:inner peace South Asia Founded by Ashoka after bloody battle of kalinga Spread through missionaries merchants and silk roads | 47 | |
| 2540449809 | Period of warring states | P.O.W.S 400 years of constant fighting between different Chinese regions led to the development of new religions Confucianism Taoism legalism all which promoted ideas of social harmony | 48 | |
| 2422656104 | 5 pillars of islam | The testament (no other God ) Prayer 5x a day Fasting durning Ramadan Hajj: trip to Mecca Charity | 49 | |
| 2422763370 | Justinian | Moves Constantine capital | 50 | |
| 2478369084 | Justinian code | Codification of roman law that kept ancient roman legal principles alive | 51 | |
| 2474590617 | Islam | Followers called Muslim Allah is God Founded by Muhammad Split into 2 groups Shia and Sunni over a disagreement about who should succeed Mohammad as the leader of the faith Spread through merchants and missionaries and trade | 52 | |
| 2478332930 | Women and Islam | Patriarchal society Women were treated as property after divorce men would keep women's dowry Female infanticide (killing of baby girls) because boys seen more valuable than girls after the Qur'an Woman were highly protected & respected being treated more fairly than before | 53 | |
| 2478301896 | Sunni | Believed that the leaders of empire should be chosen by the people | 54 | |
| 2478304290 | Shia | Believed Mohammad's son-in-law Ali was the rightful heir to the Empire | 55 | |
| 2433023595 | Islam spread | Starts in Saudi Arabia city of Mecca and spreads to Mediterranean | 56 | |
| 2433028734 | Hinduism | Began in India spread to SE Asia through trade Caste system reincarnation | 57 | |
| 2433040301 | Han dynasty | Invaded by the Huns China stretched into Central Asia 2nd empire after POWS (Qin) Trade and religion (Buddhism) spread on the silk roads | 58 | |
| 2441537838 | Wu Ti | Warrior emperor Enlarged Han empire to Central Asia | 59 | |
| 2454576411 | Liu bang | First emperor of Han dynasty created a new social class Scholars Artisans Merchants | 60 | |
| 2435802336 | Qin dynasty | Great Wall of china Qin Shihuangdi first emperor recentralized various feudal kingdoms Patriarchal Dominant belief system is legalism Dynasty fell one Year after emperor death by hands of angry peasants | 61 | |
| 2433060870 | Civil service exam | Han dynasty Open to everyone Only wealthy could afford to prepare for it Resulted in a government bureaucracy highly skilled and that contributed to stability in the system of government for centuries | 62 | |
| 2433064118 | Roman Empire | Mediterranean Sea it controlled Europe the Middle East and North Africa (the sea is the key to Romans economic and political Power) collapsed due to corrupt leadership disease from silk roads and over expanded borders allowed for nomadic invasions(Visigoths) | 63 | |
| 2454568311 | Paterfamilias | Head of family household is male (roman law) absolute power of household | 64 | |
| 2433071988 | Gupta dynasty | Attempted to unify South Asia (India) Hinduism reinforced political/social control Caste system "Golden age" Creating of pi and zero and decimal system that diffused to Arabs known as Arabic numerals Collapsed due to invasion of white huns Hinduism and caste system survived the fall | 65 | |
| 2478403481 | Primogeniture | Eldest son received land Woman are powerless | 66 | |
| 2454566174 | Byzantine empire | Eastern half of Rome that survived capital moved to Constantinople in modern day turkey Lasted for over 1000 years orthodox Christianity religion | 67 | |
| 2466583400 | Constantine | Moved (east Rome) to Constantinople | 68 | |
| 2454553111 | Pax Romana | "Bread and circus" Roman peace Keeps people in Rome happy and distracted from problems going on in empire | 69 | |
| 2433078232 | The silk roads | Connected east Asia to Eastern Europe and was the key to trade and "diffusion" of culture technology religion language and disease like small pox measles bubonic plague populations Black Death brought by Mongols to China that wiped out large populations. Carried Porcelain, paper military technologies, religions such as Buddhism Islam and Christianity | 70 | |
| 2433046861 | The period of warring states (POWS) | 400 years of constant fighting between different Chinese regions led to development of new religions _ Confucianism(largest religion) legalism and Taoism | 71 | |
| 2435755878 | Mauryan empire | India Chandragupta maurya is founder _son Ashoka maurya Made powerful by trade Trading silk cotton and elephants to Mesopotamia and the eastern Roman Empire Powerful military Ashoka converted to Buddhism after the bloody battle of kalinga preaching nonviolence and moderation | 72 | |
| 2478265942 | Caliph | Head of state or religious leader over an empire | 73 | |
| 2544820837 | Caliphate | Afro-Eurasian statecraft with government that mixed Islamic traditions with political control | 74 | |
| 2478276656 | Islamic empire | Theocracy :government ruled by immediate divine guidance but because ruled by a caliph it became known as a caliphate | 75 | |
| 2478285813 | Umayyad dynasty | Enlarged Islamic Empire dramatically but intensified conflict with the Byzantine and Persian empires | 76 | |
| 2478317510 | Abbasid dynasty | Mongols destroyed Baghdad ending the Abbasid dynasty | 77 | |
| 2544830676 | Feudalism | Social and political organization based on the ownership and organization of land It's emphasis is on "decentralized" government (Europe and Japan ) | 78 | |
| 2478407035 | Feudalism | King :power over territory Nobles:military service Vassals Peasant/serf:worked land | 79 | |
| 2478426212 | Crusades | Military campaigns undertaken by european Christians of the 11th through the 14th centuries to take over the holy land and convert Muslims and other non-Christians to Christianity | 80 | |
| 2478449637 | Chinese woman foot binding | Widespread practice Foot would be bound shortly after birth Large feet considered masculine and ugly This practice was painful deforming and sometimes crippling | 81 | |
| 2478471515 | Japanese feudalism | Emperor Shogun Daimyo: huge landowners (Samurai ) Vassals Peasants and artisans | 82 | |
| 2478493479 | Chingiss khan Genghis khan | Unified Mongol tribes and set them on the path of expansion that would lead to the largest empire the world has ever seen | 83 | |
| 2478485262 | Kublai khan | GrandSon of G khan | 84 | |
| 2478502861 | Mongols | Conquered & Destroyed cities and were ruthless warriors assimilated into the cultures of the people they defeated Spread gunpowder Increased trade on silk roads | 85 | |
| 2478551726 | African kingdoms Sudanic | West Africa Ghana Mali Songhai Had lots of gold Islamic traders forced Islam on them | 86 | |
| 2478583456 | Mansa Munsa Greatest Mali ruler | Built A capital at Timbuktu and expand the kingdom beyond the bounds of Ghana | 87 | |
| 2478594655 | Aztec | A.k.a. Mexica Mesoamerica Polytheistic Corn Human sacrifice Conquered by Spain | 88 | |
| 2478617761 | Inca | Located in the Andes mountains in Peru Polytheistic Sun God Human sacrifice Like the Aztec | 89 | |
| 2478712517 | Bubonic plague | Also known as Black death Started in Asia and was carried my merchant along the trade routes all the way to Europe killing 1 out of 3 people | 90 | |
| 2478719878 | Indian Ocean trade IOT | Monsoon seasons and directions of the winds were easy to understand and used to direct voyages Boats in the Indian Ocean were more resilient to large waves | 91 | |
| 2544842987 | Tran Saharan trade | Sudanic kingdom of west Africa Gold and salt | 92 | |
| 2544852784 | Swahili | Bantu and Arab | 93 | |
| 2478747381 | Hanseatic league | A collection of city states in the Baltic and North Sea regions of Europe that banded together 1241 to establish common trade practices fight off Pirates and foreign governments and establish a trade Monopoly from the region to much of the rest of the world | 94 | |
| 2478771994 | Renaissance | Rebirth Greatest Artist such as Michelangelo Leonardo da Vinci Donatello and Raphael depicted the human figure as real as possible (teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) | 95 | |
| 2478800634 | Printing press | Created by Johannes Gutenberg Books became easier to produce and more affordable more books led to more literate and educated people Made playwrights like William Shakespeare known and the bible | 96 | |
| 2478813523 | Protestant Reformation | The church sold indulgences to pay for their building projects Indulgences were a piece of paper that the fateful could purchase to reduce time in purgatory (the place Roman Catholics believe they would go after death) | 97 | |
| 2478822267 | Martin Luther | 95 theses Atlantis frustration with current church practices including the indulgences Followers are called Lutherans | 98 | |
| 2478926513 | John Calvin | Preaching an ideology of predestination stated that God predetermine an ultimate destiny for all peoples | 99 | |
| 2478980253 | The scientific revolution | Aristotle: believed everything revolved around the earth (wrong) Copernicus: believed everything revolves around the sun(right) Galileo: invented the telescope supported copernicus's theory Newton: invented calculus to prove Copernicus and Galileo's theories developed the law gravity | 100 | |
| 2479000752 | Protestant Reformation and scientific revolution | The reformation challenge the Popes authority on theological grounds the scientific revolution challenge his authority on scientific and mathematical grounds | 101 | |
| 2479010248 | Divine right | Monarchs became convinced that God has ordained their right to govern and that meant that people had a moral and religious obligation to obey them | 102 | |
| 2479006055 | Enlightenment | John LockeBelief that all men were born equal and have natural Rights to life liberty and property | 103 | |
| 2478528689 | Mongol impact | World trade cultural diffusion and awareness grew spread Black Plague to major civilizations | 104 | |
| 2479021720 | European exploration | Prince Henry the navigator Vasco de gama : sailed to the tip of Africa Christopher Columbus voyage in 1492 Ferdinand Magellan: sailed to the tip of South America | 105 | |
| 2479043568 | Lateen sails | Allowed ships to sail in any direction regardless of the wind | 106 | |
| 2479045835 | Astrolabe | Portable navigation that helps sailors find their way By measuring the distance of the sun and the stars above the horizon the Astrolabe help determined Latitude | 107 | |
| 2479049920 | Compass | From China help determine direction without staying in sight of land | 108 | |
| 2479051476 | Caravels | These large ships employed significantly larger sails and could hold provisions for longer journeys in their large cargo rooms | 109 | |
| 2479059372 | Peninsulares | The select group of Spanish official sent to govern the colonies | 110 | |
| 2479063402 | Crillos or Creoles | People born in the americas to Spanish parents | 111 | |
| 2479070343 | Mestizos | European and Native American ancestry | 112 | |
| 2479073010 | Mulattos | European and African ancestry | 113 | |
| 2479075486 | Viceroys | Appointed governors of each of the five regions of new Spain established the encomienda system | 114 | |
| 2479086384 | The Atlantic slave trade | Plantations of the New World demanded more labor Forced migration of people began | 115 | |
| 2479092908 | Columbian exchange | The biological exchange of food animals resources people religion weapons and disease Massive forced migration of African slaves to the new world | 116 | |
| 2479102656 | Mercantilism | A country actively trading but trying not to import more than it exported | 117 | |
| 2479115412 | Peace of Augsburg | Bring it into the constant conflict between Catholics and protestants (fail ) __> 30 year war | 118 | |
| 2479127832 | Zheng he | Chinese navigator | 119 | |
| 2479145897 | Gunpowder empires of the Islamic world | Safavid Persia ottoman turkey and Mughal India | 120 | |
| 2479154098 | Peter the Great | Build a strong centralized government based on Militaristic principles Adopted western culture in Russia | 121 | |
| 2479161551 | Delhi sultanate | (India) introduce a new religion into Indian culture | 122 | |
| 2509560062 | Crusades | Military campaigns undertaken by European Christians of the 11th century through the 14th centuries to take over the holy land and convert Muslims and other non Christians to Christianity | 123 | |
| 2509569708 | Tang | Emperor xuanzong | 124 | |
| 2540469520 | Universalizing religions | Buddhism Christianity and Islam except a lower-class and woman and offered salvation to all | 125 | |
| 2540475411 | The fall of empires | 1)Overexpansion could not protect borders 2)Nomadic invasions(xiongnu:(Han), Huns:(blue :Rome white:Gupta) Germanic tribes) 3)Social tensions between classes and religious groups 4)Environmental degradation Deforestation and desertification 5)Poor leadership corrupt ineffective 6)Epidemic diseases from trade and Poor sanitation | 126 | |
| 2544790622 | Christianity | Adopted by Constantine (Rome) appealed to Lower class and female pop. Spread through merchants missionaries such as Paul of tarsus Roman holidays and festivals were integrated into Christian holidays | 127 | |
| 2571611028 | Sui dynasty | Constructed grand canal | 128 | |
| 2571614691 | Song dynasty | Concentrated in southern China replaced the tang | 129 | |
| 2571621109 | Gold and salt in west africa | Gave rise to Sudanic kingdoms mostly Mali | 130 | |
| 2571630632 | Mali | Sudanic kingdom adopted Islam generating greater commercial interaction of the Islamic north Africa and Middle East | 131 | |
| 2571636568 | Swahili | Islam and commercial spread to the East African coast which created this syncretic language (Bantu(speakers of Africa)and Arab(speakers of Islam) | 132 | |
| 2571736689 | Caravanserai | Rest stops throughout the Middle East Persia and Central Asia to house and protect traveling caravans | 133 | |
| 2571744814 | Camel saddles | Camels replaced horses as beast of burden in transahahran trade | 134 | |
| 2571753986 | Bills of exchange | During the tang and song dynasties Precious metals ran short due to increased volume of trade merchants and banks begin using flying cash or letters of credit | 135 | |
| 2571772486 | Mongols | Connected nearly all of Eurasia in a trading network know as the pax Mongolia on the silk toads Issued passports to protect merchants throughout the land | 136 | |
| 2571793281 | Sufi | Islamic missionaries | 137 | |
| 2571799708 | Diasporic communities | Communities that share particular culture heritage or homeland who relocate to an area outside of their traditionally defined homeland and transplant their culture to their new location Typically these communities were founded by man that married local woman and have children that carried on their business and cultural traditions. | 138 | |
| 2571831824 | Ibn battuta | A Muslim traveler from Morocco Traveled throughout Eurasia Muslim lands including north Africa the Mali empire at the store Haley close the middle east Mongol Central Asia South and South is Asia and coastal China he was bothered by what he considered a lack of tradition or too much syncretism | 139 | |
| 2571839946 | Marco Polo | A traveler and merchant from Venice His writings in the travels of Marco Polo created your portrait of eastern Asia that convinced many Europeans of the wealth of the east | 140 | |
| 2571853420 | Xuangzang | Chinese Buddhist monk that lived in the early Tang Dynasty brought back info about Buddhist text from India to China | 141 | |
| 2574019139 | Cities | Center of trade | 142 | |
| 2574030494 | Gunpowder empires | Originally created in China caused a major shift in power Land and sea based Monarch Power from nobles taken Bureaucrats help rule Professional military | 143 | |
| 2574035157 | Sea based | Mercantilism | 144 | |
| 2574035483 | Land based | Portugal | 145 | |
| 2574037734 | Industrial revolution | Began in Britain Coal most important fossil fuel Railroads | 146 | |
| 2574039590 | Atlantic revolution | Goal : decolonization Exception of France Broke its own country apart "Co de tah" | 147 | |
| 2574042336 | Core | Tertiary (service) Exploit periphery | 148 | |
| 2574046272 | Semi periphery | Manufacturers Mexico India Brazil China | 149 | |
| 2574046758 | Periphery | Produce raw materials Mining and agriculture | 150 | |
| 2574048858 | Indentured servitude | From India and China To tropical areas Produce sugar Caused by abolition | 151 | |
| 2574052716 | slave trade Passage | Middle passage | 152 | |
| 2574054171 | Major silver mines | Potosi South America and Mexico | 153 | |
| 2577172379 | Silver | South America and Mesoamerica. Used by European monarchs to purchase Asian luxury goods | 154 | |
| 2574776145 | Sugar | Cash crop significant among Slave labor | 155 | |
| 2574055640 | Scientific revolition | Galileo Copernicus Newton Scientific method | 156 | |
| 2574057462 | Perry expedition | Matthew perry forced Japan to sign unequal treaties Ended Japanese isolation set out by the Tokugawa shogunate since 17th century | 157 | |
| 2574059311 | Opium war | Between Britain and China (Tea) Britain defeated China and forced them into unequal treaties and spheres of influence | 158 | |
| 2574060895 | Rebellion | Boxer and taiping rebellion (China) Sepoy rebellion (India) Satsuma rebellion (Japan) | 159 | |
| 2574063641 | Berlin conference | Britain and France colonized the continent of Africa in order to limit colonial disputes during colonization | 160 | |
| 2574064751 | Reform | (Japan )Meiji restoration (China)self strengthening movement (Ottoman) tanzimat reforms (Russia) modernization | 161 | |
| 2574067390 | M.A.I.N | Military Alliance Imperialism Nationalism | 162 | |
| 2574069226 | Cold War | United States VS Soviet Union | 163 | |
| 2574070759 | Decolonixation | Armed struggles Negotiated | 164 | |
| 2574071855 | Proxy wars | 165 | ||
| 2574072096 | United Nations | 166 | ||
| 2574072511 | Green revoluyions | Population increase GMOS increased crop yield | 167 | |
| 2574075484 | Economic liberalism | No tariffs NAFTA | 168 | |
| 2574761405 | Old to new world crops | Sugar and rice | 169 | |
| 2574763289 | New to old world | Corn and potatoes | 170 | |
| 2574764965 | Old world animals | Horses cows pigs goats Impacted new world | 171 | |
| 2574769601 | Population impact by old world | Smallpox and influenza brought by old world migrants wiped out new world Native American population s | 172 | |
| 2574786720 | What did crusades and pax mangolia spread | Helped spread Islam and Asian technological developments such as the compass, printing, cartography, and the astrolabe to Europe which helped spurred navigation in the early modern period | 173 | |
| 2574804782 | Brazil | Major sugar producing colony in the world in early modern period established by portugal Largest slave importer | 174 | |
| 2574813377 | Bartolomeu dias | Southern tip of africa | 175 | |
| 2574815137 | Christopher Columbus | Across the atlantic | 176 | |
| 2574816988 | Vasco da gama | Around Africa to India | 177 | |
| 2574819375 | Ferdinand magellan | First to go around the world (circumnavigate) | 178 | |
| 2574841050 | Atlantic system | Aka triangular trade Established btwn western Europe Western Africa and the Americas | 179 | |
| 2574866597 | Growing populations from the Colombian exchanged caused... | Peasant labor increased Government required an increase in number of peasant laborers The raw number of peasants increased as their productivity increased | 180 | |
| 2574878276 | India | Major producer of spices (peppers ) and cotton textiles | 181 | |
| 2574880735 | China | Porcelain , silk | 182 | |
| 2574886769 | Global demand for raw materials ... | Drove the demands for cheaper labor in the Americas and African slaves fulfilled that demand for labot | 183 | |
| 2574890613 | Chattel slavery | Coerced labor (unfree) Laborers are physical property without any human or civil rights bought sold and traded slaves Death rates of native Americans from disease made them unfit for plantation slavery West Africans had already been exposed to old world diseases (small pox malaria typhoid and measles ) and knew old world farming techniques | 184 | |
| 2574919076 | Indentured servitude | A system of debt labor used to recruit laborers from other places During the early modern period American colonies in North America optically Virginia is indentured servitude in order to recruit laborers for tobacco plantations. 5 to 10 year contract. | 185 | |
| 2576944939 | Encomienda and hacienda systems | Labor systems used to force Native Americans into Agricultural Labor/serfdom haciendas produced agricultural and manufactured goods Encomienda failed due to the high death rates and constant rebellions by natives in the 16th century | 186 | |
| 2576962518 | Inca mit'a system | Established by the Inca Empire during the postclassical period In order to extract labor from the people the inca had conquered Laborers from villages would work on Imperial projects such as roads that would benefit the entire empire such as connecting villages into commercial networks Provided the Spanish Empire with a enormous amount of silver which was spent most heavily on building the Spanish army in Europe as well as importing vast amounts of East, South and South East Asian luxury goods | 187 | |
| 2576983737 | Daimyo | In Japan land owning Nobles Lost power to administrators after the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan began to consolidate power in the 17th century | 188 | |
| 2576997103 | Polygamy | Mary more than one woman The Atlantic slave trade demanded more men over women do to men's greater agricultural productivity Creating serious gender and imbalances in some slave trading regions. It for women to take on the traditional role of men like agricultural labor | 189 | |
| 2577104709 | See based empires | Portuguese Spanish Dutch French British | 190 | |
| 2577105979 | Portugal | Colonized Brazil set up numerous posts in the Indian Ocean really were among the first European to take part in the Indian Ocean trade system | 191 | |
| 2577107669 | Spanish | Colonize Mesoamerica western North America and western South America additionally to Spanish had control the Philippines Manila to have good access to trade ports with China | 192 | |
| 2577114905 | Why do you peasants rebel | As empires expand control more territory and demand greater tax and tribute many peasants end up disenfranchised losing their land | 193 | |
| 2577149933 | Mercantilism | Strengthening of nations wealth through commercial trade (exports imports) | 194 | |
| 2577180666 | Asian isolation | Many Asian empires did not want to be part of global trade/interaction they all try to prevent cultural influence into limit trade and technological exchange Japan China and Ottomans Christianity was especially shut out New ideas could threaten existing norms and hierarchies | 195 | |
| 2577185854 | The enlightenment | Intellectual and philosopher movement that emphasize reason individualism rather than tradition and faith. | 196 | |
| 2577189263 | Capitalism | An economic system in which trade industry in the means of production are largely or entirely private owned and operated for profit Spurred the industrial revolution Adam smith | 197 | |
| 2577325460 | Social Darwinism | Natural selection Strong nations /people will see their wealth grow and live better | 198 | |
| 2577345709 | All revolutions influenced by | Ideas of enlightenment | 199 | |
| 2577335611 | Simon bolivar | Jamaica letter Latin American independence Get help from British in LA independence | 200 | |
| 2577340074 | Latin America revolution | Help of Simon bolivar Latin American elites (Creoles) resisting Spanish rule in the Americas | 201 | |
| 2577346942 | French Revolution | 202 | ||
| 2577349369 | American Revolution | 203 | ||
| 2577748931 | New scientific Paradigms | It transformed how humans saw the world. Paradigsms examples were psychology, the theory of relativity, Quantum mechanics, The Big Bang Theory. | 204 | |
| 2577800002 | Green Revolution | It produced food for the worlds population. It produced higher crop yields. And made it possible to grow in place that they couldn't before. The GMO cause an increase in population, a change in different standard of living. | 205 |
