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| 2474257153 | Metallurgy | Copper + Tin = Bronze Bronze Age ( 3000 BCE ) Iron Age ( 1300 BCE ) | 0 | |
| 2474259664 | Who has the advantage to domesticate animals? | Middle East | 1 | |
| 2474260733 | As civilization progresses... | The status of women decline | 2 | |
| 2474262880 | Order of events to the beginning of AP WH | Earth with the "Big Bang" Found Lucy, the largest TREX First people moved from Africa to other places Neolithic Age begins with domestication of plants and animals. | 3 | |
| 2474266923 | Ancient Mesopotamia (River Valley) | Sumerians Unpredictable Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Wheel Calendar Number system based on 60 Polytheistic (Ziggurat) Uruk and Ur ( City-States) Cuneiform= first form of writing Epic of Gilgamesh-first flood... Less highly centralized | 4 | |
| 2474276586 | Ancient Egypt (River Valley) | More stability Cataracts in the Nile river= more predictable and more stability Polytheistic Afterlife-Mummification Pharaoh= powerful, what he says goes Highly centralized Papyrus Hieroglyphics Pyramids Queen Hatshepsut- can tell that women had a higher social standing here than those of other civilizations Old Kingdom (3100-2500 BCE)- Classified with pyramids and other characteristics usually associated with Egypt. Middle Kingdom (2100-1650 BCE)- Nubians New Kingdom (1550-700 BCE)- | 5 | |
| 2474301653 | Indus River Valley | In modern Pakistan Writing not decoded Social Stratifications Long distance trade | 6 | |
| 2477068005 | Ancient China | Xia Dynasty-? Shang Dynasty- Dynastic cycles, oracle bones Zhou Dynasty- Longest reign, Mandate of Heaven ended 256 BCE | 7 | |
| 2477128058 | Americas that developed independently | Olmec-Central America Chavin-Peru | 8 | |
| 2477129426 | Other early civilizations | Indo-Europeans: Migratory (horses) Bantu: 2000 BCE, Sub-Saharan Africa, language, farming techniques, iron Hebrews: Monotheism-first to really bring worship of one God Phoenicians: 22 letter alphabet, phonetics Animism, Hinduism, Judaism, Zoroastrianism (Persia-Good vs. Evil) | 9 | |
| 2477143259 | After Zhou Dynasty... | The Warring states pd. | 10 | |
| 2477143628 | Qin Dynasty | -Shi Huangdi -Legalism (evil by nature) -Short-lived -Great Wall began -Terracota warriors -Standardized weights and measures | 11 | |
| 2477149898 | Han Dynasty (206-220 BCE) | Golden Age -Silk Roads, from Han to Mediterranean World -Silk Trade from China -Precious metals from Rome -Civil Service Exam BEGAN -Bureaucracy based on Merit -Male Dominance-Continuity in the Chinese Dynasties - Social classes -Paper, compass, sundials, metal stirrups, calendars | 12 | |
| 2477160354 | Mauryan Empire | Larger of the two Indian Empires -Chandra Gupta -1st time India unified -Traded cotton, elephants -Asoka-violent and bloody but converted to Buddhism -Spread moral codes -Invaders ended this empire and began Gupta Empire | 13 | |
| 2477167810 | Gupta Empire | -Unified again but not as big -Golden Age of Indian history -Hinduism reasserted and stays -Arabic numerals -Concept of Zero -Pi -Sanskrit -Predicted eclipses -Setting bones -Surgeries -Caste system -SATI | 14 | |
| 2477202319 | Persian Empire | -Cyrus the Great (Achaemenid Empire) -Strong military -Religious toleration in areas they took over -Zoroastrianism -"King of Kings" -Capital in Persepolis -Royal Road-1600 miles Defeated by Greeks in Persian War and conquered by Alexander the Great Cyrus the Great starts the Achaemenid Empire (Iran) Great Royal Road (1600 miles of roads comparable to eventual Roman roads) Capital Persepolis (comparable to Chang'an, Athens, Rome, Teotihuacan) Defeated by Greeks in Persian War (this developed the concept of East and West) and finally defeated by Alexander the Great of Macedonia | 15 | |
| 2477279102 | Greeks | -City states -mountainous -Athens- classical age, philosophy, drama, Parthenon -Sparta- militaristic, one-minded, -Trade -homer- odyssey illiad theatre philosophy, socrates taught plato, and plato taught aristole Aristotle taught alexander the great Adopted Phoenician alphabet City-states Athens- democracy, science, arts, philosophy, architecture (Parthenon) Sparta- military Culture- Olympics, mythology, epic poems of the Odyssey and Iliad, drama and comedy, development of philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) Aristotle model of Greek thought by use of logic | 16 | |
| 2477289648 | Persian War | Greece defeats Persia Battle of Marathon Phidippides ran 26 miles Battle of Thermopylae 300 spartans against millions of persians (defeat of persians) | 17 | |
| 2477344734 | Golden Age of Athens | Pericles philosophy, parthenon, democracy | 18 | |
| 2477346438 | Pelopnesian war | Sparta and Athens | 19 | |
| 2477387527 | Alexander the Great | Conquered Greece and spread Greek culture (Hellenism) Empire facilitated interaction and spread of culture (Greece, India, Persia, and Egypt) Library of Alexandria in Egypt center of learning (good comparison to later Timbuktu, Mali) Geometry, medicine, anatomy, circumference of the earth, Pythagorean theorem, geocentric thought of Ptolemy | 20 | |
| 2477388227 | Rome | (Greatest achievements are law and engineering) Roman Republic Senate, Twelve Tables (comparable to Hammurabi's law code) Military domination and expansion with the Punic wars Empire Julius Caesar killed (44 BCE), Octavian Augustus becomes emperor Empire stretches from England to Middle East Pax Romana (Roman peace) Comparable to Golden age of Athens, later Pax Mongolica and Pax Tokugawa of Japan Law- innocent unless proven guilty by court Engineering (Coliseum), aqueducts Roads (comparable to Persian royal road and later Incan roads) Roman culture influenced by Greek cultural diffusion Slavery- Both Greek and Roman society heavily dependent on slavery (comparison to Chinese dependency on the peasants) Silk Road Rome traded precious metals with the Han for silk | 21 | |
| 2477403803 | Americas | Maya (300-1100 CE) Warring city states under one ruler (Tikal, Chichen Itza) Writing system-glyphs (comparable to Egyptian hieroglyphics) Developed zero as a placeholder like Gupta India Astronomical observations and development of calendar Steppe pyramids of Tikal (Guatemala) and Chichen Itza (Yucatan, Mexico) Compare with ziggurat in Mesopotamia and Egyptian pyramids Teotihuacan City in valley of Mexico (later model for Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan) Moche of South America in the Andes (100-700 CE) Extensive irrigation, complex culture | 22 | |
| 2477405879 | Fall of Empires | Maya- possible exhaustion of the environment Han China- (220 CE) Internal - population increases, land problems, corruption, peasant rebellion called Yellow Turban (184 CE), disease External- conflict with nomadic Xiongnu Roman Empire (Western Rome falls in 476 CE, East survives as the Byzantine Empire) Internal- tax revolts, poor leaders, division of empire, violent death of emperors, over expansion, decrease in trade, reliance on mercenaries, disease External- Huns and Goths Gupta- Invasion by the White Huns- cost weakened state and eventually overrun Hinduism and caste system survived | 23 | |
| 2477473539 | Polytheism | Polytheism- most early civilizations were polytheistic (belief in many gods) Animism- Africa, Americas Shamanism- Americas, Central Asia | 24 | |
| 2477473540 | Hinduism | India Hinduism Began with Aryan invaders and is the oldest of the major religions No founder Caste system established and priests are at the top of the social hierarchy Follow dharma (rules of your caste) next life determined by karma Reincarnation- cycle of life and death Moksha- release from the cycle of life and death Vedas and Upanishads sources of prayers that guide Hindus Rig Veda Baghavad Gita Patriarchal Sati Women could not achieve moksha Always will serve as a continuity in India (especially in the south) Traveled to SE Asia- Angkor Wat | 25 | |
| 2477473541 | Buddhism | Buddhism Symbols include the endless knot and the wheel Spawned out of Hinduism like Christianity out of Judaism Founder was Siddhartha Gautama (6th century BCE) Four Noble Truths- life is suffering Follow the Eightfold path-right conduct/meditation Nirvana (peace/bliss)- comparable to Moksha in Hinduism Appealed especially to the poor since nirvana could be achieved in one lifetime Offers a monastic life for men and women (like Christianity) Universalizing Religion (like Christianity and Islam) Easily adapted to other cultures Ashoka- spread Buddhism and kept it from dying out Silk Road spread Buddhism to China Also spread to Southeast Asia- Angkor Wat (both Hindu and Buddhist) | 26 | |
| 2477529986 | Judaism | First great monotheistic faith/ Influenced Christianity and Islam Covenant with God Founder Abraham Follow the laws of Moses in the Torah | 27 | |
| 2477530653 | Christianity | Developed out of Judaism Jesus Crucified under the Roman Empire Universalizing religion (like Buddhism and Islam) Offers a monastic lifestyle (like Buddhism) Spread of Christianity Paul, Roman roads Spread through Mediterranean world through trade, war, migration Roman Empire embraces Christianity Constantine issued the Edict of Milan (stopped persecution) Theodosius makes it official religion in 380 CE Western Rome falls in 476 CE, Christianity will be a continuity in Europe (like Hinduism in India) | 28 | |
| 2477531893 | Axial Age | Confucius, Buddha and Laozi all around the same time Jesus around 400 years after these thinkers Mohammed around 1000 years after these thinkers | 29 | |
| 2477532726 | Legalism | Philosophy of Shi Huangdi and Qin dynasty (221BCE) Terra cotta warriors and great wall | 30 | |
| 2477533585 | Daoism | Founder Laozi Harmony with nature Influence on Chinese culture with chemists, botanists and astronomers | 31 | |
| 2477537755 | Confucianism | Developed during the Warring State period Emphasis on education, respect, reciprocity, virtue and order Filial piety Respect for elders, respect a child should show for parents Five Relationships: Ruler to ruled, Father to Son, Husband to Wife, Elder brother to younger brother, friend to friend Embraced by governments as ruler superior to ruled Civil Service Exam based on Confucian Analects Government bureaucracy based on merit Allowed for the possibility of social mobility Patriarchal society develops as a husband superior to wife Eventually see foot binding Eventually combines with Buddhism to form Neo-Confucianism during the Tang dynasty | 32 | |
| 2477672948 | Silk Roads | Three Golden Ages of the Silk Road Started with the Rome and Han Tang/Song in China with the Abbasid dynasty Pax Mongolica Silk a wanted continuity throughout the silk road Facilitates diffusion of disease, technology, beliefs and ideas Buddhism from India to China | 33 | |
| 2477673887 | Indian Ocean | Route linked India, East Africa, Middle East, Southeast Asia and China in flourishing trade Arab merchants and India early leaders of the trade Knowledge of the monsoon winds vital Lateen sail Silk, salt, metals and spices a trading continuity Diffusion of beliefs Hinduism and Buddhism to Southeast Asia | 34 | |
| 2477674942 | Trans-Saharan | Camel in first century BCE significant Camel saddle in 300's CE greatly increases trade across the Saharan Trade connects Sub-Saharan Africa with North Africa and Mediterranean | 35 | |
| 2477675768 | Mediterranean | Carthage, Phoenicians, Greeks, Berbers, Romans and Egyptians all traded | 36 | |
| 2477676797 | Sub-Saharan | Bantus inspire trade Connect Sub-Saharan Africa with East Africa and the Indian Ocean | 37 | |
| 2477677465 | Americas Trade | Trade during this time is limited and is regional unlike Afro-Eurasian world | 38 | |
| 2477681096 | 600 BCE- 600 CE HIGHLIGHTS | Rise and fall of classical empires China- Qin/Han, India- Mauryan/Gupta, Mediterranean- Persian/Greek/Roman, Americas- Mayans Compare Rome, Han and Gupta Development of world belief systems Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism, Judaism and Christianity Trade Routes Silk Road, Indian Ocean, and Trans-Saharan | 39 |
