Terms : Hide Images
| 605261657 | diffusion | the spread of social institutions (and myths and skills) from one society to another | 0 | |
| 605261658 | free market economy | Capitalism, private ownership law of supply and demand | 1 | |
| 605261659 | neolithic | New stone age | 2 | |
| 605261660 | supply and demand | an economic concept that states that the price of a good rises and falls depending on how many people want it (demand) and depending on how much of the good is available (supply) | 3 | |
| 605261661 | innovation | the act of starting something for the first time | 4 | |
| 605261662 | ziggurat | a rectangular tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians | 5 | |
| 605261663 | pictogram | A pictorial symbol or sign representing an object or concept | 6 | |
| 605261664 | cuneiform | an ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia | 7 | |
| 605261665 | ideogram | in written language, a character or symbol that represents an idea or thing | 8 | |
| 605261666 | polis | A city-state in ancient Greece | 9 | |
| 605261667 | hegemony | the domination of one state or group over its allies | 10 | |
| 605261668 | dominance | the state that exists when one person or group has power over another | 11 | |
| 605261669 | balance of power | distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong | 12 | |
| 605261670 | pax ramona | roman peace;long period of relatve peace and minimalexpansion by military force experienced by the roman empire in the first and second centuries AD, 207 years | 13 | |
| 605261671 | republic | a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them | 14 | |
| 605261672 | legalism | In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state coercion and control. The Qin ruling class invoked it to validate the authoritarian nature of their regime. (p.52) | 15 | |
| 605261673 | assimilation | the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another | 16 | |
| 605261674 | patron client relationship | In ancient Rome, a fundamental social relationship in which the patron—a wealthy and powerful individual—provided legal and economic protection and assistance to clients, men of lesser status and means, and in return the clients supported the political careers and economic interests of their patron. | 17 | |
| 605261675 | janapada | The extended word for Jana that warriors called themselves when they settled in the Ganga Valleys. | 18 | |
| 605261676 | guilds | business associations that dominated medieval towns; they passed laws, levied taxes, built protective walls for the city, etc. Each guild represented workers in one occupation such as weavers, bakers, brewers, sword makers, etc. | 19 | |
| 605261677 | tribals | The aboriginal peoples of the Indian sub-continent, who are outside the caste system and live seperately from society | 20 | |
| 606475231 | trans saharan trade | route across the sahara desert. Major trade route that traded for gold and salt, created caravan routes, economic benefit for controlling dessert, camels played a huge role in the trading | 21 | |
| 606475232 | lateen sail | triangular sail that made it possible to sail against the wind; used in the Indian Ocean trade | 22 | |
| 606475233 | humanism | the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare | 23 | |
| 606475234 | pax mongolica | Era of relative peace and stability created by the Mongol Empire | 24 | |
| 606475235 | capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of capital | 25 | |
| 606475236 | mercantilism | an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought | 26 | |
| 606475237 | renaissance | The great period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into the modern periods of European history | 27 | |
| 606475238 | printing press | invented by Johann Gutenberg in 1454; first book was Gutenberg Bible; changed private and public lives of Europeans; used for war declarations, battle accounts, treaties, propaganda; laid basis for formation of distinct political parties; enhanced literacy, people sought books on all subjects | 28 | |
| 606475239 | laissez-faire | the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs | 29 | |
| 606475240 | encomienda system | Indians were required to work a certain number of days for a land owner, but had their own land to work as well., system in Spanish America that gave settlers the right to tax local Indians or to demand their labor in exchange for protecting them and teaching them skills. | 30 | |
| 606475241 | repartmiento | forced slavery upon the natives | 31 | |
| 606475242 | mita | in the Incan empire, the requirement that all able-bodied subjects work for the state a certain number of days each year. | 32 | |
| 606475243 | enlightened despotism | system of government in which absolute monarchs ruled according to the principles of the Enlightenment | 33 | |
| 606475244 | indentured servent | laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America | 34 | |
| 606475245 | Atlantic slave trade | Lasted from 16th century until the 19th century. Trade of African peoples from Western Africa to the Americas. One part of a three-part economical system known as the MIddle Passage of the Triangular Trade. | 35 | |
| 606475246 | hieroglyphs | pictures, characters, or symbols standing for words, ideas, or sounds; ancient Egyptians used instead of an alphabet like ours | 36 | |
| 606475247 | old kingdom | 2700 BC - 2200 BC. Upper and Lower Egypt kept separate kingdoms, but later built unified government. Developed basic features of its civilization. BUILT THE PYRAMIDS: an eternal resting place for their god-kings. | 37 | |
| 606475248 | Middle Kingdom | 2050 BC. - 1800 BC.: A new dynasty reunited Egypt. Moved the capital to Thebes. Built irrigation projects and canal between NIle and Red Sea so Egytian ships could trade along coasts of Arabian Penninsula and East Africa. Expanded Egyptian territory:Nubia, Syria. | 38 | |
| 606475249 | Zimbabwes | The fortified stone-built administrative centers between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers in the Great Rift Valley in Eastern Africa that were centers of trade are called | 39 | |
| 606475250 | Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world | 40 | |
| 606475251 | Ashoka | Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing. | 41 | |
| 606475252 | Confucianism | The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his disciples, stressing love for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and harmony in thought and conduct. | 42 | |
| 606475253 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337) | 43 | |
| 606475254 | Consuls | Two officials from the patrician class were appointed each year of the Roman Republic to supervise the government and command the armies | 44 | |
| 606475255 | Gupta Empire | Golden Age of India; ruled through central government but allowed village power; restored Hinduism | 45 | |
| 606475256 | Hellenistic synthesis | The blending of Greek and local cultures on the territories conquered by Alexander the Great's armies; as a result a distinct new culture emerged | 46 | |
| 606475257 | Legalism | In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state coercion and control. The Qin ruling class invoked it to validate the authoritarian nature of their regime. | 47 | |
| 606475258 | Qin Dynasty | The dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty and employed Legalist ideas in order to control warring states and unify the country. | 48 | |
| 606475259 | Shi Huangdi | Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. (163) | 49 | |
| 606475260 | tribunes | An officer of ancient Rome elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates. | 50 | |
| 606475261 | Triumvirate | a group of three men responsible for public administration or civil authority | 51 | |
| 606475262 | Warring States Period | time of warfare between regional lords following the decline of the Zhou dynasty in the 8th century B.C.E. | 52 | |
| 606475263 | Mandate of Heaven | a political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source | 53 | |
| 606475264 | Byzantine Empire | a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395 | 54 | |
| 606475265 | feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service | 55 | |
| 606475266 | Hanseatic League | An economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century. | 56 | |
| 606475267 | Magna Carta | This document was signed by King John in 1215. It was the first document that limited the power of the government. | 57 | |
| 606475268 | Enlightenment | a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions | 58 | |
| 606475269 | Gunpowder Empires | Muslim empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and the Mughals that employed cannonry and gunpowder to advance their military causes. | 59 | |
| 606475270 | Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. | 60 | |
| 606475271 | Middle Passage | the route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade | 61 |
